Tuberculosis
The different types of tuberculosis, its clinical manifestations, pathophysiology, and how it spreads. Discover the signs and symptoms, diagnostic methods, and available treatment options for tuberculosis.
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Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the respiratory system. This overview covers the epidemiology, transmission methods, causative agents, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, management, prevention, and control of tuberculosis. The importance o
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Chest Imaging Interpretation for Tuberculosis Screening
Chest imaging plays a crucial role in screening for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). This activity, led by Dana Kissner from Wayne State University Detroit Tuberculosis Clinic, focuses on interpreting chest imaging results to aid in the diagnosis and management of TB cases. The content includes informat
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Effectiveness of Video Observed Therapy in Tuberculosis Management
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge with issues of treatment compliance, cost, and distance to healthcare facilities. A study comparing Video Observed Therapy (VOT) with traditional Directly Observed Treatment Short Course (DOTS) in TB management is conducted to improve compliance, r
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Progress and Initiatives of National Tuberculosis Program in Nepal
The National Tuberculosis Program in Nepal has achieved significant milestones since its inception, including the adoption of strategic initiatives like the Stop TB Strategy and the implementation of DOTS. Various national and international commitments have been made towards ending TB, with a focus
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Understanding Bovine Anaplasmosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Management
Bovine anaplasmosis is an infectious disease in ruminants caused by Anaplasma species transmitted by ticks. This article covers the etiology, host susceptibility, transmission methods, symptoms, and life cycle of the disease. It highlights the age-related susceptibility in cattle and provides insigh
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Active Tuberculosis Drug Safety Monitoring and Management Training Package 2023
This training package focuses on the safety monitoring and management of active tuberculosis drugs, specifically emphasizing causality assessment in determining adverse reactions. Participants will learn about assessing the likelihood of TB medicines causing adverse events, attributing relationships
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Bovine Gelatin Market
Bovine Gelatin Market by Type (Type A, Type B), Nature (Organic, Conventional), Form (Powder, Liquid), Function (Stabilizer, Gelling Agent), Application (Food & Beverages, Pharmaceuticals, Nutraceuticals), Distribution Channel - Global Forecast to 2031\n
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Bovine Tuberculosis: A Zoonotic Disease Impacting Humans and Animals
Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial disease affecting cattle and other mammals, with potential transmission to humans. Endemic in developing countries, it poses public health risks. Modes of transmission, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and control measures are discussed, highlighting the impor
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Understanding Bovine Ketosis in Dairy Cows
Bovine ketosis is a metabolic disease affecting lactating dairy cows, characterized by weight loss, reduced milk production, and neurological abnormalities. It is primarily caused by a negative energy balance post-parturition, leading to the mobilization of body fat and protein stores for energy pro
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Understanding Bovine Theileriosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention
Bovine theileriosis is a tick-borne haemoprotozoan disease that causes significant economic losses in livestock due to high mortality rates, weight loss, abortion, and reduced milk yield. The disease is characterized by fever, anemia, and respiratory and digestive disorders. It is caused by parasite
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Understanding Tuberculin Testing in Veterinary Medicine
Tuberculin tests have been vital in diagnosing latent and active tuberculosis in animals for over a century. Different methodologies and types of tuberculin, including avian and bovine, serve to differentiate between various forms of the disease. Procedures like the Single Intradermal Test (SID) are
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Overview of Cutaneous Tuberculosis: Causes, Classification, and Clinical Features
Cutaneous tuberculosis is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its manifestations depend on the host's immunity, route of entry, and bacterial load. It is classified into exogeneous and endogenous sources, with various types such as tuberculides and tuberculous chancre. Clinical features include
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Overview of Antitubercular Drugs: Introduction, Classification, and Applications
Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis in ruminants and Mycobacterium avium in dogs and pigs. These bacteria have a unique waxy appearance due to their cell wall composition, providing a shield against pharmacological compounds. Antitubercular drugs play a cruc
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Opportunities for Scaling up Bovine Meat Exports in Pakistan
Pakistan's bovine meat export sector has potential for growth, with a focus on chilled bovine meat. The country currently holds a limited share in the global market, exporting mainly to GCC countries, Afghanistan, and Vietnam. Within the GCC market, Pakistan has significant market share in both chil
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Understanding Bovine Virus Diarrhea and Mucosal Disease in Cattle
Bovine Virus Diarrhea (BVD) and Mucosal Disease (MD) are two clinically distinct yet interconnected syndromes in cattle caused by Pestivirus. While originally thought to be separate, they share a common viral etiology. BVD can lead to persistent infections, while MD is sporadic, progressive, and fat
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Understanding Mycobacterium: Causes and Impact of Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium is a genus of Actinobacteria known for causing serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis (TB) and leprosy. Tuberculosis, caused mainly by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a chronic infection that affects the lungs and various organs, especially prominent in developing regions d
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Understanding Bovine Ephemeral Fever: Key Information and Insights
Bovine Ephemeral Fever, also known as Three-Day Sickness or Three-Day Fever, is an economically important arboviral disease affecting cattle and water buffalo in tropical and semitropical regions. It is caused by an arthropod-borne rhabdovirus and primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and biting midge
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Complications and Presentations of Tuberculosis: A Detailed Overview by Dr. Ruchi Dua
This presentation by Dr. Ruchi Dua, Associate Professor at Aiims Rishikesh, delves into the complications of tuberculosis including local and systemic effects, as well as various presentations of extrapulmonary TB. Topics covered include common complications like respiratory failure, pleural effusio
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Overview of Mycoplasma Species and Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia
The Mycoplasma genus, including Acholeplasma and Ureaplasma, consists of Gram-negative bacteria with unique characteristics such as lacking cell walls. Mycoplasma species are responsible for causing various diseases in livestock, including bovine and caprine pleuropneumonia. Contagious Bovine Pleuro
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Understanding Tuberculosis: A Comprehensive Overview of the Disease
Tuberculosis, a chronic disease affecting both humans and animals, is caused by pathogenic Mycobacterium spp. This article covers the etiology, synonyms, history, and geographic distribution of tuberculosis, along with key terms like anthropozoonosis and zooanthroponosis. Learn about the tubercle ba
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Bovine Gelatin
Bovine Gelatin Type (Type A, Type B), Nature (Organic, Conventional), Form (Powder, Liquid), Function (Stabilizer, Gelling Agent), Application (Food & Beverages)
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Understanding Bovine Euthanasia and Mass Depopulation Guidelines
Exploring the guidelines for bovine euthanasia and mass depopulation, focusing on humane transitioning, handling procedures, acceptable euthanasia methods, and considerations during an animal health emergency. The information covers aspects such as minimizing stress, selecting appropriate methods, a
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Evolution of Tuberculosis: From Ancient Origins to Modern Challenges
Tuberculosis, an ancient disease possibly acquired from domesticated animals thousands of years ago, has transitioned from endemic to epidemic in human populations. The causative agent, M. tuberculosis, was identified by Robert Koch in 1882. Over the years, public health efforts, improved nutrition,
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Understanding Mycobacteria: Human TB, Bovine TB, and Atypical Mycobacteria
The article explores characteristics and differences between Human TB, Bovine TB, and Atypical Mycobacteria, discussing their growth, biochemical reactions, pathogenicity, and disease manifestations. Additionally, it highlights the properties of Mycobacterium leprae, emphasizing its unique morpholog
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Public Health and Tuberculosis: A Focus on XDR-TB in Howard County, Maryland
The evolving role of public health in addressing tuberculosis, specifically extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), in Howard County, Maryland is highlighted in this presentation. The county's demographics, TB cases over the years, and a pediatric XDR-TB case are discussed, emphasizing the
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Understanding Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious animal disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals, while Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) is a serious cattle disease caused by the BVD virus. FMD is not transmissible to humans and is caused by different strains of Aphthovirus. Symptoms of FMD include ves
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Understanding Phagocytosis, Inflammation, and Granulomas in Tuberculosis
Phagocytosis is a crucial process where cells engulf and digest pathogens. Inflammation responses involve various immune cells like neutrophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Granulomas, typical in diseases like tuberculosis, are mass accumulations in chronic inflammation. Tuberculosis
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Understanding Tuberculosis Prevention and Vaccination
Learn about the fundamentals of tuberculosis prevention, the types of vaccines available, and current vaccines like Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Discover the limitations of the BCG vaccine and target populations for vaccination to combat tuberculosis effectively.
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Training Package on Active Tuberculosis Drug Safety Monitoring and Management (aDSM) 2023
This presentation focuses on organizing the training of key staff to collect data for active tuberculosis drug safety monitoring. It covers the proper use of standard forms and treatment cards to ensure systematic and efficient data collection, along with reporting procedures for adverse events. Par
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Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB) in Michigan: Insights and Findings
Background information on the prevalence and zoonotic cases of bovine tuberculosis in Michigan, USA, highlighting statistics on infected livestock herds and wild deer over the years. The extent of zoonotic bTB cases and the achievable elimination of bTB from cattle are discussed, along with accredit
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Understanding Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) - The Mad Cow Disease
Subacute or chronic fatal neurodegenerative disease in adult cattle, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy with spongy degeneration in the CNS. It is caused by an infectious protein called prion and is mostly found in Europe, with potential zoonotic impa
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Overview of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV)
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) is an RNA virus belonging to the Pestivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family. It is classified into BVDV-1 and BVDV-2 genotypes with distinct biotypes. BVDV is a significant infectious disease in the livestock industry worldwide, with high prevalence and clinical c
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Understanding Tuberculosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention Measures
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and primarily affects the lungs but can impact other body parts. TB can be latent or active, with symptoms like fever, weight loss, and coughing. Prevention involves protective strategies during autopsies and universal precautions. E
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National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development Overview
The National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development (NPBBDD) is a Government of India funded project aimed at enhancing bovine breeding and dairy development in the country. It consists of two components: National Plan for Bovine Breeding (NPBB) and National Plan for Dairy Development (
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Comprehensive Training Package on Active Tuberculosis Drug Safety Monitoring and Management (aDSM) 2023
This comprehensive training package focuses on active tuberculosis drug safety monitoring and management (aDSM) in 2023. It covers indicators, learning objectives, and essential information for implementing effective drug safety measures in tuberculosis treatment. The presentation emphasizes definin
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Somali Bovine Genetics: Enhancing Dairy Production in Somalia
Somali Bovine Genetics (SBG), established in 2015, leads in bovine genetics and artificial breeding technology in Somalia. They provide quality genetics and products, operate a semen distribution facility, and plan to set up a feed analysis lab and milk processing plant. SBG aims to impact smallhold
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Respiratory Diseases in Cattle: Causes, Infections, and Management
Respiratory diseases in cattle primarily stem from infectious agents such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and Pasteurella spp. These diseases compromise the defense mechanisms of the body, leading to infections like pneumonia and pleuropneumonia. Viruses, mycoplasmas, and bacteria like Histophi
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Tuberculosis as a Risk Factor for Viral Non-Suppression in Patients Switched to Dolutegravir-Based Therapy
The study investigates the impact of incident tuberculosis on viral non-suppression among patients transitioning to Dolutegravir-based therapy in Zambia. It aims to identify factors associated with viral non-suppression and describe clinical outcomes in the context of tuberculosis occurrence. The re
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