Overview of nitrogen metabolism with a focus on the disposal of nitrogen through amino acid catabolism. It explains the process of removing the α-amino groups from amino acids, the synthesis of urea, and the conversion of carbon skeletons to energy-producing pathways.

35 views • 65 slides

Cholestatic liver disease affects Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin levels, indicating bile duct damage. GGT and 5'-Nucleotidase help differentiate hepatobiliary vs. bone origin of ALP elevation. ALP is produced by bile duct epithelium and can be normal in acute biliary obstruction. GGT and N

1 views • 33 slides

Delve into the intricate world of nucleic acids with a focus on DNA and RNA structures, DNA replication, RNA transcription, protein biosynthesis, cancer/chemotherapy, genetic engineering, and more. Explore the structures of bases, sugars, nucleosides, nucleotides, and parts of nucleotides, along wit

8 views • 58 slides

In today's fast-paced world, prioritizing our health is more critical than ever. Fortunately, a trio of essential fatty acids \u2013 omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 \u2013 can offer a powerful boost to your overall well-being. \n\n \n\nConveniently available in omega 3 6 9 tablets, these fatty acids

2 views • 5 slides

Amino acids play a crucial role as precursors in various biological processes, serving as building blocks for small molecules like hormones, coenzymes, nucleotides, and more. Glycine, a key amino acid, serves as the major precursor for porphyrins, essential in heme proteins. Understanding the pathwa

0 views • 21 slides

Understanding the process of protein digestion is crucial for optimal nutrient absorption and overall health. In this lecture series by Professor Shraddha Singh, delve into the composition of proteins, the role of enzymes in protein digestion, sites of absorption, molecular basis of protein transpor

0 views • 28 slides

This experiment involves employing color tests to detect specific amino acids like tyrosine and tryptophan in proteins. Various reagents are used to observe distinctive color changes, indicating the presence of these amino acids. Detailed procedures, materials, and results are documented for each te

0 views • 19 slides

Acid-base balance is crucial for maintaining optimal health, as slight deviations in hydrogen ion concentration can impact enzyme activity and metabolic processes. The body employs various defense mechanisms to regulate pH levels, involving buffers, lungs, and kidneys. Strong acids release more H+ i

1 views • 48 slides

Biologically important molecules, such as acids and bases, have significant roles in metabolism. Strong acids like hydrochloric acid ionize completely, while weak acids and bases play crucial regulatory roles. The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors. Eq

0 views • 29 slides

Explore the concepts of Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB) in chemistry, examining the relative strengths of acids in solution, stabilities of complexes, predictions of reaction courses, and the separation of cations based on HSAB rules. Discover how the interactions between different acid-base co

1 views • 14 slides

Delve into the world of Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB) with Dr. Gurpreet Kaur as she explains the characteristics of hard and soft acids, Pearson's HSAB principle, applications such as predictions of coordination in complexes, poisonings of metal catalysts, and the classification of acids and

2 views • 17 slides

Professor Shraddha Singh's lecture series delves into the significance of lipids, the types of lipids, and the role of bile in digestion. Learn about saturated vs. unsaturated fatty acids, common fatty acids found in lipids, lipid structures, and properties. Explore the diverse types of fats we cons

2 views • 32 slides

Carboxylic acids, as proton donors, can undergo ionization to form ions in chemical reactions based on the Brønsted-Lowry theory. Ionization involves the complete loss or gain of electrons, leading to the formation of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions). Through e

0 views • 13 slides

Exploring the pH scale, this content delves into the fundamentals of acidity and alkalinity, covering what pH stands for, the inventor of the pH scale, reactions when acids and bases combine, and where the weakest acids and bases are found on the pH scale.

0 views • 7 slides

Amino acids play a crucial role as building blocks of proteins and can be converted into specialized products. There are 20 common L-α-amino acids found in mammalian proteins, each with a unique structure and classification based on their side chain properties. Amino acids exhibit optical activity,

0 views • 34 slides

Acids, bases, and neutrals are vital substances found in various settings like factories and laboratories. They exhibit distinct properties, with acids feeling rough, being corrosive, and containing hydrogen ions, while bases feel slippery, taste bitter, and contain hydroxide ions. While acids like

0 views • 15 slides

Explore the definitions of acids and bases according to Arrhenius and Brønsted-Lowry theories, their behavior at a particulate level, and the differences between strong and weak acids and bases. Learn how to define, identify, and understand the properties of acids and bases through practical exampl

0 views • 12 slides

Amino acids are essential building blocks of proteins, with only 20 out of the 300 occurring in nature being used for protein synthesis. The structure of amino acids consists of four groups attached to a central carbon atom. At physiological pH, these groups can ionize, forming zwitterions. Amino ac

0 views • 24 slides

Transamination is a vital chemical reaction in biochemistry that transfers amino groups to ketoacids to form new amino acids, playing a crucial role in amino acid metabolism. Enzymes called transaminases facilitate this process, utilizing -ketoglutarate as a key amino group acceptor. The mechanism i

5 views • 17 slides

Amino acids are building blocks of proteins, with distinct structures and properties. There are 20 common amino acids found in mammalian proteins, each with a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a unique side chain. The side chains determine the role of an amino acid in a protein, classified as nonp

8 views • 11 slides

Explore the world of fatty acids and derived lipids through detailed images and descriptions. Learn about the chemical structure, composition, and various types of fatty acids found in the human body. Discover how fatty acids are essential components of lipid forms and play a crucial role in biologi

0 views • 154 slides

Lipids are diverse organic compounds vital for metabolism and cell functions. They are insoluble in water, serve as energy sources, aid in hormone synthesis, and form cell membranes. Fatty acids, the building blocks of lipids, provide fuel for the body. Saturated fatty acids have high melting points

0 views • 44 slides

Amino acids are essential building blocks of proteins with unique structures and properties. They contain both carboxyl and amino groups, playing vital roles in metabolism. This article covers their general structure, zwitterion form, isoelectric point, pK values, and classification based on body re

0 views • 24 slides

Amino acids are crucial chemical units that form proteins and play essential roles in the body. They consist of a carboxyl group and an amino group, serving as building blocks and metabolic intermediates. This article covers the general structure, zwitterions, isoelectric point, pK values, and class

0 views • 26 slides

Amino acids, peptides, and proteins are essential components in biological processes. Proteins are polymers made up of amino acid units linked by peptide bonds, while peptides are important in various biological functions. The structure and classification of amino acids play a vital role in the stru

0 views • 15 slides

Elizabethans believed in the connection between health, temperament, and the four humours - yellow bile, black bile, phlegm, and blood - each associated with specific personality traits. They also linked star signs to body parts and embraced the divine order of the chain of being, respecting the hie

0 views • 6 slides

The concept of buffers in chemistry plays a crucial role in maintaining stable pH levels in solutions. Buffers consist of components that neutralize acids and bases, helping prevent drastic pH changes. Weak acids or bases are ideal buffer components due to their ability to react with both acids and

1 views • 15 slides

This informative content delves into the anatomy and function of the gallbladder, discussing its role in storing and concentrating bile. It explains the composition of bile, the process of emulsifying fats, and the consequences of bile flow obstruction. Various disorders affecting the biliary system

0 views • 31 slides

Acids donate protons, while bases accept them. Strong acids ionize completely while weak acids only partially ionize, resulting in a Ka value less than one. Water, being amphoteric, can both donate and accept protons. The ionization of water leads to a constant Kw value of 10^-14. Explore the ioniza

0 views • 15 slides

In this lab, you will delve into the qualitative tests for proteins and amino acids, understanding their structures, classifications, and importance in food and human nutrition. The tests include solubility tests and identification tests for both amino acids and proteins, revealing their presence an

0 views • 13 slides

This lab analysis covers qualitative tests for proteins and amino acids, including solubility tests and identification tests for amino acids and proteins. Specific tests like Ninhydrin test for -L amino acids, Xanthoproteic test for aromatic amino acids, and lead sulfite test for sulfhydryl group de

0 views • 13 slides

The article explores the differences between aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, detailing their properties, common uses in food and cosmetics, as well as their reactions in ignition tests. It discusses the appearance changes and odor variations upon ignition, along with the distinctive color f

0 views • 14 slides

Seafood lipids, including Tiger shrimps like Peaneus monodon, are rich in essential fatty acids such as EPA, DHA, and AA. This study focuses on the fatty acids profile, atherogenic (IA), and thrombogenic (IT) health lipid indices of fresh and sundried Tiger shrimps, shedding light on the effects of

0 views • 19 slides

Nucleic acids are linear polymers composed of nucleotides, with DNA and RNA being the main types. RNA consists of messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA), each playing a crucial role in protein synthesis. mRNA carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes, tRNA transf

0 views • 8 slides

Multi-society State-of-the-Art Consensus Conference focused on strategies to prevent bile duct injuries during cholecystectomy. Work Group Five, led by Rajesh Aggarwal and Carol-Anne Moulton, explored the effectiveness of coaching surgeons in mitigating risks. Recommendation A suggests continued sur

0 views • 21 slides

Dive into the world of Hard and Soft Acids and Bases (HSAB) theory which explains the interaction preferences between acids and bases based on their properties. This theory enhances our understanding of chemical reactions, helping predict favorable outcomes and shed light on reactions that classic t

0 views • 12 slides

Nucleic acids are essential molecules that store genetic information and aid in protein production. This content delves into the monomeric structure of nucleotides, the differences between DNA and RNA, the unique characteristics of DNA's double helix structure versus RNA's single-stranded form, and

0 views • 11 slides

Nucleic acids, essential for all organisms, store genetic information as long polymer chains of nucleotides. Nucleosides contain bases and sugars, while nucleotides include a phosphate. Purines and pyrimidines are the aromatic bases in nucleotides, with DNA having A, G, C, T and RNA having A, G, C,

0 views • 10 slides

Acids and bases play essential roles in chemistry, where they release hydrogen ions or hydroxide ions when mixed with water. Acids, like vinegar and lemon juice, are corrosive and can cause chemical burns. On the other hand, bases, such as bleach and dish soap, contain the hydroxide group in their f

0 views • 19 slides

Bile, produced in the liver, helps in fat digestion and is composed of various substances. Bile acids are essential for digestion and are categorized as primary and secondary bile acids. The gallbladder stores and releases bile, aiding in fat digestion. Gallstones are solid materials that form in th

0 views • 20 slides