Titration Colour Changes
This collection features various experiments in chemistry involving titration and solutions. It includes procedures such as standardizing hydrochloric acid using sodium carbonate, titrating hydrochloric acid with sodium hydroxide to produce sodium chloride, determining the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar, investigating water of crystallization in hydrated sodium carbonate, standardizing potassium permanganate solution with ammonium iron(II) sulfate, and estimating iron(II) in an iron tablet using potassium manganate(VII). Each experiment involves the use of indicators and color changes to determine endpoints accurately.
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LC Chemistry Titration Colour Changes S. Kelleher 2022
Standardisation of a hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a standard solution of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid VIDEO LINK Sodium carbonate + Methyl orange Sodium carbonate + Methyl orange INDICATOR: methyl orange COLOUR CHANGE: yellow pink/peach ORDINARY & HIGHER
A hydrochloric (HCl) acid/sodium hydroxide titration (NaOH) to make sodium chloride (NaCl) salt Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid VIDEO LINK Sodium hydroxide + Methyl orange Sodium hydroxide + Methyl orange INDICATOR: methyl orange COLOUR CHANGE: yellow pink/peach ORDINARY & HIGHER
Determination of the concentration of ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) in vinegar Hydrochloric acid Vinegar solution VIDEO LINK Sodium hydroxide + Phenolphthalein Sodium hydroxide + Phenolphthalein INDICATOR: phenolphthalein COLOUR CHANGE: pink - colourless HIGHER ONLY
Determination of water of crystallisation in hydrated sodium carbonate (Na2CO3.xH2O) washing crystals Hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric acid VIDEO LINK Hydrated sodium carbonate + Methyl orange Hydrated sodium carbonate + Methyl orange INDICATOR: methyl orange COLOUR CHANGE: yellow pink/peach HIGHER ONLY
Standardisation of potassium permanganate solution, KMnO4, using a standard solution of ammonium iron (II) sulfate, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2 Potassium permanganate Hydrochloric acid VIDEO LINK Ammonium iron (II) sulfate + Sulfuric acid solution Ammonium iron (II) sulfate + Sulfuric acid solution INDICATOR: potassium permanganate COLOUR CHANGE: colourless pale pink HIGHER ONLY
Estimation of iron (II) in an iron table using a standard solution of potassium manganate (VII), KMnO4 Potassium permanganate Hydrochloric acid VIDEO LINK Iron (II) sulfate solution (ground tablets) + Sulfuric acid solution Iron (II) sulfate + Sulfuric acid solution INDICATOR: potassium permanganate COLOUR CHANGE: colourless pale pink HIGHER ONLY
Standardisation of sodium thiosulfate, (Na2S2O3), using a standard solution of iodine (I2) Sodium thiosulfate Sodium thiosulfate Sodium thiosulfate VIDEO LINK Sodium thiosulfate Iodine (I2) solution Iodine (I2) solution + Starch Iodine (I2) solution + Starch Iodine (I2) solution COLOUR CHANGE 1: brown to yellow INDICATOR: starch COLOUR CHANGE 2: blue-black to colourless HIGHER ONLY
Determination of the percentage (w/v) of hypochlorite in bleach Sodium thiosulfate Sodium thiosulfate Sodium thiosulfate VIDEO LINK Sodium thiosulfate Iodine (I2) solution: 25cm3 dilute bleach + 10cm3 dilute sulfuric acid + 1g potassium iodide Iodine (I2) solution Iodine (I2) solution + Starch Iodine (I2) solution + Starch COLOUR CHANGE 1: brown to yellow INDICATOR: starch COLOUR CHANGE 2: blue-black to colourless HIGHER ONLY
Estimation of the total hardness (Ca2+) of a water sample using EDTA EDTA EDTA VIDEO LINK 50cm3 hard water sample + 5cm3 pH 10 buffer solution + Eriochrome Black T Hard water solution + EDTA INDICATOR: eriochrome black T COLOUR CHANGE: wine red - blue HIGHER ONLY
