Evolution of Children's Literature in English: From Alice to Modern Times
Explore the birth of modern children's literature starting with the publication of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" in 1865 by Charles Dodgson (Lewis Carrol), marking a shift towards entertaining and engaging literature specifically for children. Prior to this, children mainly read folklore and adult novels. Discover how children's literature has evolved over time to reflect children's experiences and emotions, providing a diverse range of genres suitable for English classrooms.
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TEMA 2 LITERATURE FOR CHILDREN IN ENGLISH Introduction to theWorld of Children Literature (II) The birth of modern children s literature, periods, authors and genres suitable to be studied in the English classroom.
CONTENT 1. THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDREN S LITERATURE 2. LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE 3. PERIODS, AUTHORS AND GENRES SUITABLE TO BE USED IN THE ENLGLISH CLASSROOM
Defining Literature for Children Children literature is good-quality trade books for children form birth to early adolescence, covering topics of relevance and interest to children through prose and poetry. They are the books that children seE as reflecting their life experiences,understandings,and emotions.
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE When did the children s literature began?
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE Children s literature as we know it today began in 1865 when Charles Dodgon wrote Alice s Adventures inWonderland. It was the written especially children that was purely entertaining, instructional purpose. first novel for with no
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE What did children read before the publication of Alice?
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE Children have always listened to and enjoyed folklore, and after the development of the printing press in the late 1400s, they were able to read folk literature. Before 1865, children read and enjoyed adult novels, such as Robinson Crusoe, Gulliver Travels, Journey to the Center of the Earth The earliest books written for children were entirely religious, instructional, or for the improvement of their morals and manners.
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE Alice s Adventure in Wonderland was the first book that did not contain a trace of a lesson or a moral. It was made purely for enjoyment. Charles Dodgson was a mathematics lecturer at oxford University and he often entertained the young daughter of the dean by telling stories about Wonderland. Later he published these stories under the pseudonym of Lewis Carrol. Alice was a prototype of modern children s literature.
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE Other good books that were widely read by children also appeared during the remainder of the 19thcentury. Not all of them were specifically intended for children, and not all of them were free of moralism. However, these books were primarily entertaining, and most contained child characters.
THE BIRTH OF MODERN CHILDRENS LITERATURE The following box presents a partial lists of the books considered children s classics:
LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE EARLY CHILDHOOD BOOKS: books written for children birth through age 6 CONCEPT picture books that present numerous examples of a particular concept ALPHABET a concept book that presents letters of the alphabet COUNTING a concept book that presents counting numbers GENERAL concept books that present other common concepts PATTERN BOOKS- predictable books that contain repetitive words, phrases, questions, or structures WORDLESS BOOKS books in which the story is revealed through a sequence of illustrations with no (or few words).
LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE LITERATURE: stories, songs, and rhymes with unknown authorship that were passed down orally through generations TRADITIONAL Myths Fables Ballads Legends Tall tales Fairy tales Traditional rhymes
LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE Myth traditional religious stories that provide explanations for natural phenomena, usually containing deities as characters. Fables very brief traditional stories that teach a lesson, usually with animal characters Ballads traditional stories that were sung as narrative poems Legends traditional stories that combine history and myth Tall tales- exaggerated stories with gigantic, extravagant, and flamboyant characters Fairy tales traditional stories written for entertainment, usually with magic and fantastic characters Traditional rhymes traditional verses intended for very young learners.
LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE FICTION literary works designed to entertain. The content being produced by the imagination of an identifiable authors Fantasy fiction story with highly fanciful or supernatural elements that would be impossible in real life Animal fantasy fantasy in which the main characters are animals that display human characteristics Contemporary realistic fiction fictional story set in modern times with events that could possibly occur Historical fiction realistic story in a real world setting in the historical past with events that are partially historical but largely imaginative.
LITERARY GENRES OF CHILDREN LITERATURE BIOGRAPHY AND AUTOBIOGRAPHY: nonfiction works describing the life of a real individual INFORMATIONAL BOOKS: trade books with the primary purpose of informing the reader POETRY AND VERSE: verse in which words are selected and expresses to create strong, often beautiful, impressions
PERIODS, AUTHORS AND GENRES SUITABLE TO BE USED IN THE ENLGLISH CLASSROOM 1. CHAUCER S CANTERBURY TALES The plot:a group of people belonging to very diferent social stata who go to Canterbury on piligrimage.They set off on an April morning with the rain dripping from the branches, and in order to make the long journey short they told each other stories. Several adaptations for children are available. THE CANTERBURY TALES BY SELINA HASTINGS This is a retelling of seven of Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales", which aims to capture the spirit of the originals while making them accessible to the young reader. Animated adaptation: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3zUoNG_P_0
MIDDLE AGES 2. THE TALES OF ROBIN HOOD It was written in 1450 but still popular among the young learners. 3. KING ARTHUR LEGENDS Thomas Malory s Le Morte dArthur is a story of noble knights, colourful tournaments and fateful love, set in a courtly society which is outwordly secure and successful. An adaption of the legend was done in 1958 by Terence Handbury White. This book was called THE ONCE A FUTURE KING. The first part of the book (THE SWORD IN THE STONE) is the inspiration of the Wal Disney s movie (1963).
MIDDLE AGES A masterful retelling of the saga of King Arthur is a fantasy classic as legendary as Excalibur and Camelot, and a poignant story of adventure, romance, and magic that has enchanted readers for generations. You can watch the whole legend here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oy6UQet5D0
RENAISSANCE PERIOD 1. WILLIAM SHAKESPEAR Difficulties: Language: specific adaptations for children are available. Might seem boring: select attractive, motovating passages and exploit them in entertaining way. Adaptations: TALES FROM SHAKESPEARE by Charles and Mary Lamb (1807) The book reduced the archaic English and complicated storyline children could read and comprehend. However as it noted in the Preface "his words are used whenever it seemed possible to bring them in." to a simple level that
RENAISSANCE PERIOD Shakespeare:TheAnimatedTales is a series of twelve half-hour animated television adaptations of the plays of William Shakespeare, broadcast on BBC 2 between 1992 and 1994. The show was both a critical and a commercial success. The episodes continue to be used in schools as teaching aids, introducing children to Shakespeare for the first time. especially when Hamlet: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6 QUC0fu84uQ
RENAISSANCE PERIOD 2. CHARLES PERRAULT Laid the foundations of the fairy tale in France. Many of his tales were translated into English. Little red Riding Hood with Miss Booksy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yAyoE39cBvU Cuentos interactivos: http://www.cuentosinteractivos.org/mundoalreves/caperucita/caperucita.html
18TH CENTURY LITERATURE This is the period in which the novel appeared. Adventure stories and novels with young boys as protagonists emerged. They were not intended for children, but traditionally associated with children s literature. DANIEL DEFOE HENRY FIELDING JONATHAN SWIFT
18TH CENTURY LITERATURE 1. DANIEL DEFOE S ROBINSON CRUSOE The topic of the novel quite suitable for kids. The novel tells the story of a young Robinson Crusoe, a son of a merchant who suffered a shipwreck and is left alone on the shore of an island. The rest of the novel struggle for surviving. describes his https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRscJGE1 3OA
18TH CENTURY LITERATURE 2. HENRY FIELDING S TOM JONES The plot is fairly basic and can be presented to students to be familiarised with the structure of the novel. Tom Jones is an orphan, brought up by a wealthy man, Allworthy. It causes jealousy on the part of his nephew and heir Mr Blifil. When Jones falls in love with Sofia, daughter of a neighbour, Blifil s calumnies lead Allworthy to throw him out. After some comic difficulties, everything end happily.
18TH CENTURY LITERATURE 3. JONATHAN SWIFT S GULLIVER TRAVELS. The novel will delight young lerners as it is full of adventure and fantasy. It is the most famous example of Swift s satirical work. 1stpart shipwreck on the island of Lillput. 2ndpart inhabitants are as tall as steeps, and everything else is in proportion). 3rdpart is occupied with a visit to the flying island of Laputa. Satire against philosophers, men of science, historians. Lemuel Gulliver, a surgeon on a merchant ship, relates his Gulliver is accidentally left ashore on Brobdingnag (the v Gulliver's Travels (1939) - Full Movie https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6eyrmYRk1w
18TH CENTURY LITERATURE Gulliver s Travels Swift s evolution is paralleled by the hero s progress in the novel Lilliputans he becomes wary, slowly awakening to their pride and vanity make him realize corruption, self-esteem human s nature can t be reformed Swift s aversion to mankind The giants of Brobdingang lost of pride and The inhabitants of Laputa The Yahoos country
19THCENTURY LITERATURE MARY SHELLY S FRANKENSTEIN CHARLES DICKENS A CHRISTMAS CAROL OSCAR WILDE THE HAPPY PRINCE AND THE NIGHTINGALR AND THE ROSE THE BROTHERS GRIMM and HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN LEWIS CARROLL ALICE S ADVENTURES IN WONDERLAND ROBERT LOIS STEVENSON TREASURE ISLAND RUDYARD KIPLING THE JUNGLE BOOK LOIS MARY ALCOTT LITTLE WOMAN MARK TWAIN THE ADVENTURES OF TOM SAWYER
19THCENTURY LITERATURE MARY SHELLY S FRANKENSTEIN Stands a landmark because it portrays the modern man, the modern Prometheus. Apart form this, the frightening atmosphere and the different film adaptations make of the novel an appealing tool to be used in the English classroom. Summary: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRppXdKDY_c
19THCENTURY LITERATURE CHARLES DICKENS A CHRISTMAS CAROL Is well known due to his ability to portray the suffering of the lower classes in theVictorian England. A CHRISTMAS CAROL is a novel that can be exploited at Christmas time in order to deal with celebrations in English speaking countries. Scrooge performs the role of an avaricious and heartless man, showing no feeling for the Christmas spirit. After he is visited by the ghost of his former business partner, ne sees visions of the past, present and future that inspire him to become a better person. Charles Dickens' A Christmas Carol 1971 Oscar Winner HD Richard Williams Animation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTzyC9CZuOA
19THCENTURY LITERATURE OSCAR WILDE THE HAPPY PRINCE AND THE NIGHTINGALR AND THE ROSE THE HAPPY PRINCE: tells the story of a prince s statue who gave his own jewels to help poor people. THE NIGHTINGALR AND THE ROSE: the nightingale gives its own blood in order to provide the red colour to a rose that a young boy wanted to give to his loved one. The Happy Prince - Bedtime Story Animation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IP7ESTU4Pxs
19THCENTURY LITERATURE THE BROTHERS GRIMM and HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN The Brothers Grimm - writing down and preserving oral traditions in Germany: Snowhite Rapunzel Hansel and Gretel Hans Christian Andresen: The Little Mermaid The Snow Queen The Ugly Duckling
19THCENTURY LITERATURE ROBERT LOIS STEVENSON TREASURE ISLAND Wrote a classic pirate adventure novel. RUDYARD KIPLING THE JUNGLE BOOK A collection of stories about a boy who lives in the jungle with animals. MARK TWAIN THE ADVENTURES OF TOM SAWYER and THE ADVENTURES OF HUCKLEBERRY FINN. A good tool for raising cultural awareness in students.
20 TH CENTURY LITERATURE L.FRANK BAUM THE WONDERFUL WIZARD OF OZ BEATRIX POTTER THE TALE OF PETER RABBIT KENNETH GRAHAME THE WIND IN THE WILLOS J.M. BARRIE PETER AND WENDY C.S. LEWIS CHRONICLES OF NARNIA TOLKIEN THE HOBBIT AND THE LORD OF RINGS ROAL DAHL CHARLIE AND THE CHOCOLATE FACTORY J.K. ROWLING HARRY POTTER EOIN COLFER ARTEMIS FOWL
20 TH CENTURY LITERATURE L.FRANK BAUM THE WONDERFUL WIZARD OF OZ (1900) It was the subject of a stage play in 1902 and a film in 1939. It is one of the best-known stories in American culture. The protagonist of the story tries to find her way back to Kansas. On her way back she has to solve a set of problems. J.M. BARRIE PETER AND WENDY Peter pan magically refuses to grow up and spend his never ending childhood in the small island Neverland.
20 TH CENTURY LITERATURE TOLKIEN THE HOBBIT AND THE LORD OF RINGS The Hobbit follows the quest of the home-loving Baggins to win a share of the treasure guardered by the dragon, Smug. The Lord of Rings refers to the story s main antagonist who had created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-earth. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZSzeFFsKEt4
