Overview of Amoebae: Parasitic and Free-Living Varieties
Various types of amoebae, including parasitic Entamoeba histolytica and harmless commensal amoebae, are discussed in terms of their morphology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and habitats, such as the large intestine and water sources. Pathogenic free-living amoebae like Acanthamoeba can infect the CNS and other body parts.
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Parasitic and free living amoeba AMOEBA
ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA- SUBPHYLUM: SARCODINA
MORPHOLOGY Trophozoite - metabolically active invasive stage, moves with pseudopodia, ingests RBC, lives in diarrheal stool; divides by binary fission. colon and is found in fresh Cyst Cyst - "vegetative" inactive form resistant to unfavourable environmental conditions outside human host; survives up to 30 days; excyst to trophozoite on passing through stomach. (Infective stage). Habitat Habitat: lumen of the large intestine and it can invade its wall.
EPIDEMIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND PATHOGENESIS AND CLINICAL PICTURE: CLINICAL PICTURE: Through contaminated food or drink, contaminated hands, by the flies, use of human excreta as fertilizer. Lytic enzymes. Flask-shape ulcer. Intestinal Complications. Extra intestinal Complications.
DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT TREATMENT Stool examination. Amoebic serology. In case of hepatic affection: X-ray, - abscess aspirate (only indicated in large abscess), trophozoites are present in the edge of the abscess. U/S, C.T. scan have to be done to detect liver abscess. Treatment Treatment: Invasive Carrier states (Dysentery, Liver abscess): metronidazole diiodoquine. states:
COMMENSAL COMMENSAL AMAEBAE AMAEBAE Harmless amoebae that inhabit the large intestine and transmitted by their cysts except E.gingivalis which inhabits the buccal cavity and transmitted by the trophozoites since it lacks the cystic stage.
ENTAMOEBA ENTAMOEBA COLI COLI
COMMENSAL AMOEBA Endolimax nana and Iodamaeba butschlii. Entamoeba gingivalis.
PATHOGENIC FREE LIVING AMOEBAE PATHOGENIC FREE LIVING AMOEBAE Habitat Habitat: : They are free living in water as lakes and swimming pools, They infect the CNS of man. Also, in Acanthamoeba, it can infect the eyes, skin, lung and genitor-urinary tract. Naeglaria: Acanthamoeba:
