Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) Overview

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The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) is a key advisory group of the World Health Organization (WHO) established in 1999 to offer policy and strategy advice on vaccines and immunization. SAGE advises on vaccine-preventable diseases, monitors the Global Vaccine Action Plan, and provides recommendations on policies, strategies, monitoring, and evaluation. It serves as an external advisory group to WHO, with a focus on providing expert advice for global immunization efforts.


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  1. Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization (SAGE) - Scope & Operational model Immunization, Vaccines & Biologicals Joachim Hombach STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020 STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  2. SAGE objectives & scope of work Objective The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization was established in 1999 to provide policy and strategy advice on vaccines and immunization to the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO). SAGE is the principal advisory group at WHO for vaccines and immunization. Scope SAGE advises on policies and strategies related to the prevention and control of all vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) of public health relevance. It covers the entire life- course as an integral component of primary health care as laid out in the Global Vaccine Action Plan / Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030). SAGE s scope of work addresses priorities at global, regional and country level. SAGE also monitors progress of the implementation of the GVAP / IA2030. SAGE also has an advisory role to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) and to Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance. STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  3. SAGE principal areas of advice Recommendations for policy on vaccines and on immunization This consists of synthesis of scientific and technical information with considerations of programme implementability to form recommendations, e.g., for vaccine use as in WHO vaccine position papers. Strategy appraisal This consists of technical review and appraisal of VPD control or global vaccine and immunization strategies developed by WHO and partners. SAGE will review the evidence base for strategies, targets and objectives; identify gaps or areas for improvement; and determine whether SAGE endorses the strategy. Monitoring and evaluation This consists of SAGE providing external independent appraisal on progress toward vaccine and immunization goals defined by the global community and to provide advice on ongoing efforts or need for course corrections. Strategic foresight and innovation Throughout its work, SAGE will identify research needs and areas that require innovation by the global immunization community in order to achieve VPD control targets more effectively. STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  4. SAGE flow of work Industry and other stakeholders Overall working process Principal external advisory group to WHO for vaccines and immunization 15 Members Public call for nominations Meetings and standard operational procedures Periodic declaration of interests Working Groups Report and communication WHO Secretariat Relevant existing technical advisory committees SAGE working groups Background paper Other relevant non- immunization-related WHO policy recommendation- making body WHO Weekly Other WHO Country Decision- Making (NITAGs) WHO Director- General SAGE Epidemiological Record Position Papers Immunization Advisory Committees Regional Technical Advisory Groups (RITAGs) STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  5. WHO Immunization Policy Advisory Framework o Technical analysis and guidance Standards Global research Vaccine design o Global policy recommendations and strategies Support regional/ national challenges Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization WHO Technical Advisory Committeesv Global o o o o o Regional policies and strategies Identify and set regional priorities Monitor regional progress Regional Technical Advisory Group on Immunization Regional o o o o National Policies and Strategies Prioritize problems and define optimal solutions Implement national programme and monitor impact National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization National o STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  6. SAGE working groups Current working groups: Previous working groups: Optimizing the use of conjugate vaccines Pertussis vaccines (March 2013 - August 2015) Pertussis vaccines (July 2009 - October 2010) Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines Rabies Rubella vaccines Typhoid fever Vaccination in Humanitarian Emergencies Vaccine hesitancy Varicella and herpes zoster vaccines Yellow fever vaccines Decade of vaccines (standing) Ebola Human papillomavirus Influenza Measles and rubella (standing) Meningococcal vaccination Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines Polio vaccine (standing) Programme Advisory Group to the Malaria Vaccine Implementation Programme Health worker vaccination (in preparation) COVID-19 vaccination (in preparation) Hepatitis A vaccination (In preparation) BCG Cholera Dengue H5N1 influenza vaccine Hepatitis A , Hepatitis B , Hepatitis E Influenza A(H1N1) vaccines Influenza vaccines and immunization Japanese Encephalitis Joint Technical Expert Group (JTEG) on Malaria Vaccines Maternal and neonatal tetanus elimination and broader tetanus control Measles Meningococcal vaccines Non-specific effects of vaccines STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  7. Areas of collaboration/mutual interest Policy coherence SAGE processes co-opt other advisory groups or secretariat expertise for policy development if other interventions or intervention mixes are available (examples malaria vaccination, dengue vaccination, rabies vaccination, HPV vaccination); Systems issues SAGE guidance is not restricted to vaccine recommendations, but is increasingly concerned with systems issues (vaccination in humanitarian emergencies, health worker vaccination, maternal immunization, life course vaccination); IA 2030 emerging priorities on equity and coverage and zero dose children require systems approaches to make progress; Operational approaches to be considered Sharing and coordination of plans of work, secretariat coordination on working methods and evidence reviews, coordination of working groups and advisory groups (ex officio representation) STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

  8. Thank You STAGE Inaugural Meeting April 2020

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