Gendered Differences in Labor and Economic Participation in Morocco
Insights from the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network highlight gendered disparities in paid and unpaid labor in Morocco, along with barriers to economic participation and wealth accumulation across different life stages. The impact of demographic changes and the need for timely reforms to address these challenges are emphasized.
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Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network Building Sustainable Generational Economies Building Sustainable Generational Economies Gendered differences in paid and unpaid labor, barriers Gendered differences in paid and unpaid labor, barriers to economic participation and wealth accumulation to economic participation and wealth accumulation throughout the Lifecyle in Morocco throughout the Lifecyle in Morocco El Mekkaoui Najat** Loukili Sara* El Mekkaoui Najat** Loukili Sara* Paris Dauphine University Paris Dauphine University Wednesday, February Wednesday, February 15th , 2023 15th , 2023 **Universit Paris- Dauphine PSL, LEDa DIAL, IRD, Paris, France, EMNES and ERF * Universit Paris-Dauphine PSL, LEDa, DIAL IRD, EMNES, Morocco Mrs. Loukili would like to express her gratitude and thanks to the NTA conference for the travel support and valuable training sessions made available. As winner of the 2021 EMNES international conference best-paper award, her research and travel was made possible thanks to the prize awarded by the Euro-Mediterranean Economists Association (EMEA) and continuedsupportof the EMEA and EMNES colleagues. 1
Demographic changes in Morocco are rapid triggering irreversible effects Demographic changes in Morocco are rapid triggering irreversible effects in absence of timely reforms in absence of timely reforms 2 Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023
Demographic changes in Morocco are rapid triggering irreversible effects Demographic changes in Morocco are rapid triggering irreversible effects in absence of timely reforms in absence of timely reforms 3 Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023
A sluggish A sluggish labour labour market limits the benefits of the demographic dividend market limits the benefits of the demographic dividend Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 4
A sluggish A sluggish labour labour market limits the benefits of the demographic dividend market limits the benefits of the demographic dividend Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 5
Overview Overview of of approach approach and and results results What Whatwe we do do Using the National Transfer Accounts methodology, we analyze the age profiles for Morocco and draw gender differentials by age that are labor related Research hypothesis : The low labor participation affects women s economic position throughout the lifecycle Women s paid work time is replaced by unpaid labor that further deepens the gender economic gap throughout the lifecycle (i.e, no pension income, higher dependence on informal self-insurance mechanisms throughout the lifecycle and more in old age ) The National Time Transfer Accounts methodology will then be used to illustrate gender differences in transfers of paid and unpaid labor throughout the lifecycle What Whatwe The gender gap in labor participation is related to an intricate web of xxx Women s transfers are, in fact, replacing transfers that should be provided by social insurance measures (i.e, childcare sevices, sick and old age care services etc) we find find Potential Potentialcontributions contributions Provide perspective on female labor force participation paradox in Morocco Clarify nuances between paid and unpaid labor performed by women Analyze how these dynamics affect women s economic wellbeing Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 6
In In sample sample labor differences differences labor force participation by force participation by age age and and gender gender show show significant significant Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 7
Gender Gender differentials differentials in participate participate in the in the labor in age age labor labor market market labor income income profiles for profiles for those those who who Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 8
Gender Gender differentials differentials in occur occur more more expenses in consumption consumption mean expenses during during their mean that lifetime than that women women on than they they make on average average make income income their lifetime Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 9
The The lifecycle lifecycle profiles show profiles show that than than it it is is for for early early ages that deficit deficit is is particularly particularly greater greater in in old old age age ages Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 10
The The aggregate aggregate lifecycle but but this this trend trend is is likely lifecycle profiles show profiles show that likely to reverse due to the to reverse due to the demographic that deficit deficit is is mainly demographic transition mainly in in early early ages transition ages, , Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 11
Gender Gender differentials differentials in accumulate accumulate more in lifecycle lifecycle deficit more deficit deficit than than men deficit by men by age age suggest suggest that that women women might might Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 12
Gender Gender differentials differentials in time allocations lifecycle lifecycle deficits deficits in time allocations might might help help explain explain the gap in the gap in Presented at the 14th Global Meeting of the NTA Network - February 15th, 2023 13
