Enhancing Biosecurity Measures in Antigua and Barbuda for Agricultural Sustainability

Explore the initiatives undertaken by Antigua and Barbuda to improve biosecurity through workshops and organizational strategies, focusing on plant protection, pest management, and import permit regulations. Learn about the current procedures for import applications and phytosanitary certificates to safeguard agriculture.

• Antigua
• Barbuda
• Biosecurity
• Agriculture
• Workshop

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1. COUNTRY PRESENTATION: ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Improving biosecurity in Barbados and the OECS Workshop GRENADA, 13-17 JUNE 2022

2. BIOSECURITY ORGANISATION:NPPO Organizational Chart WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 PLANT PROTECTION BOARD DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Head: Director of Agriculture (reports to the Permanent Secretary) (reports to the Minister of Agriculture) PLANT PROTECTION UNIT Head: Chief Plant Protection Officer (reports to the Director of Agriculture) ANCILLARY STAFF Clerical & admin support staff PEST MANAGEMENT SERVICES PLANT QUARANTINE SERVICES 2

3. BIOSECURITY ORGANIZATION: NPPO Work Flow Process Response to Pest Reports Fruitfly Survey Surveys Pest Mango Seed Weevil Survey Management GAS Eradication Programme Lethal Yellowing Management programme NPPO Import Permit regime for Imports Certification Phytosanitary Certification for Export Plant Quarantine Border Control (Inspection) WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 3

4. CURRENT PROCEDURES: Import Application Process Regardless of quantity, a permit is required for: All live plants unprocessed plants or plant parts not for planting partially processed plant commodities capable of carrying pests all plant growth media & mulches. Application comprises: 3 hard copies of a printed invoice/order form/purchase order, etc. a fully-completed Plant Protection Import Permit Application Form. Submission of application at least two (2) weeks before the shipping date Permits are valid for: 1 consignment only expire 60 days from the date of issue. WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 4

5. CURRENT PROCEDURES: Phytosanitary Certificates All inbound consignments of regulated plant commodities must be accompanied by a valid Phytosanitary Certificate Certificate must be issued by the Plant Protection Organization of the Country of export A valid import permit issued by the NPPO Antigua and Barbuda must be presented when requesting a phytosanitary certificate from the exporting country WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 5

6. CURRENT PROCEDURES: Inspection (airport, port, cargo, passengers) Compliant consignments are released non-compliant consignments are confiscated for appropriate action to be taken Once documents are in order, the inspector inspects the commodities thoroughly Inspector requests relevant documentation from passenger/importer/broker Customs alerts Plant Protection when regulated consignments arrive & are available for clearance &/or the broker/consignee informs the Plant Quarantine Inspector WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 6

7. CURRENT PROCEDURES: Post Border Monitoring & Surveillance activities/monitoring Surveillance activities/monitoring Post Border monitoring No quarantine facilities are available Some annual surveys are conducted (e.g., mango seed weevil) Very little post border monitoring is done of imported plants Surveillance & monitoring activities conducted for some priority pests: the Giant African Snail Tephritid fruit flies Lethal yellowing of palms WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 7

8. CONTROLLED/PROHIBITED COMMODITIES Controlled All planting materials Prohibited Mango fruit Cut flowers Coconut palms (with leaves) Wood & wood products Living Modified Organisms (GM- plants) Plant growth media & mulch Aggregate & sand All plants & plant products for which no PRA has been done Approved fruit & vegetables WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 8

9. Importation is guided by the list of quarantine pests for Antigua and Barbuda & regional priority pest list Application for importation of new plants and plant products require PRA Official, updated pest lists are requested from the exporting NPPO Pests are reviewed and a decision to allow importation is made based on: o Presence of regulated pests o Availability of treatments to be applied to the plant or plant product before export Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) Procedures WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 9

10. TOP 20 REGULATED PLANT PEST LIST Bursaphelenchus cocophilus Red Ring Nematode Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae lethal yellowing disease of palms Omphisa anastomosalis Guen. Sweet potato stem borer Opogona sacchari banana moth Phytophthora palmivora Budrot of palms Candidatus liberibacter spp. Huanglongbing Phytoplasma palmi lethal bronzing of palms Citrus leprosis virus - CiLV Cylas formicarius elegantulus sweet potato beetle Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 brown rot of potato & Ralstonia solanacearum race 2 moko disease Euscepes postfasciatus scarabee weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Red Palm Weevil Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Panana disease/fusarium wilt of banana Tephritid fruitflies (Tephritidae) Ganoderma zonatum Ganoderma butt rot Thrips palmi melon thrips Tuta absoluta tomato leafminer Lissachatina fulica Giant African Snail Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri - Citrus canker Mycosphaerella fijiensis Black Sigatoka WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 10

11. Television & radio interviews Press releases on pests of concerns Information presented on the Ministry s Facebook Page Distribution of flyers about pest etc. in the schools and community Presentations in schools on request Townhall meetings & sensitization seminars Public Service Announcements (PSA) & jingles Carnival float in carnival opening parade (on GAS) PUBLIC AWARENESS & EDUCATION ON INVASIVES WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 11

12. Veterinary invasives WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 12

13. GREEN IGUANA Lesser Antillean Green Iguana Invasive Green Iguana This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 13

14. Green Monkeys This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 14

15. Brown Rat & Mongoose This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13-17 June 2022 15

16. WORKSHOP: Improving Biosecurity in Barbados & the OECS through IAS Risk Assessments; Grenada, 13- 17 June 2022 16