Overview of Biosafety and Biosecurity in Global Health Security

 
INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW OF
BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
IKPO, PRECIOUS ETINOSA  
(PhD, AMLSCN)
ADMLS/HEAD, MEDICAL LABORATORY UNIT
FNPH, BENIN.
 
 
 
 
 
 
A PAPER DELIVERED AT 2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP  ORGANISED BY
THE MEDICAL LABORATORY UNIT, FEDERAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL , BENIN.
 
20/10/2022
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
1
 
OUTLINE
 
Definition of terms
Introduction
What is Biosafety
Components/pillars of  Biosafety
What is Biosecurity
Components of Biosecurity
Biosafety level (BSL)
Conclusion
References
 
 
 
 
2
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
OBJECTIVES
 
1.
To understand the concept of biosafety and
biosecurity.
 
1.
 To re-enforce the need for  biosafety and biosecurity
in  containing biological threats.
 
20/10/2022
 
DEFINITION OF TERMS
 
Biological Agents/materials
: These are substances that
are naturally occurring or synthesized from living
organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and their
associated toxins with the ability to adversely affect public
health.
Biological Threats:
 Are infectious disease with the
potential to spread and cause an outbreak
 of infections
e.g Smallpox , Ebola, Anthrax.
 
4
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Infectious diseases:
 
are illnesses caused by micr
o-
o
rganisms.
Micro-organism: 
Tiny invisible living things only visible
under the microscope e.g bacteria, fungi.
Pathogens:
 A bacteria, virus or other microorganism
that can cause disease.
 
Toxins: 
A poison of  plant or animal origin especially
produced by microorganisms and acting as an antigen in
the body.
 
 
5
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Bio-hazards: 
Biological agents from either animal, plant
such as bacteria, virus, wild animals, contaminated
sharp
 objects 
that can cause harm to human, animal
and the environment.
 
Containment:
 is the term used to describe methods,
practices, procedures, facilities, and equipment used to
safely manage bio-hazardous materials.
                                                               (
CDC,2020.)
 
6
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
INTRODUCTION
 
Global health security is current
ly a 
burning issue
worldwide.
 This is primarily because the world is faced
with the spread of 
newly 
emergen
t
 and  re-emergence
of infectious microorganism.
 This phenomena is a result of 
 previously uninhabited
environments becoming home to 
human beings
 with
the concomitant exposure to microorganisms resident
there.
                                                           (WHO, 2020)
 
 
 
7
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
            
INTRODUCTION CONT’D
Furthermore, the increased 
interactions due to
g
lobalization
, ease of 
 travel
 and the world's
population explosion,
 has led to a rise in biological
threats.
The resultant effect is adverse on personal well-being
and social stability.
 
 
 
 
8
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
                
INTRODUCTION CONT’D
 
 A very recent global example is the sudden emergence
of COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 which was considered an
international Biosafety incident
.
                                                                              (WHO, 2020).
 
 
 
 
9
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
This Places necessity on strengthening
Biosafety/Biosecurity policies, principles and
practices in the workplace especially in health
facilities
 and 
biological research laboratories across
the world.
                                              
                     (WHO, 2020).
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
10
 
20/10/2022
 
WHAT IS BIOSAFETY
 
 
According to World Health Organisation (WHO),
Biosafety is the safe working practices associated with
the handling of biological materials, particularly
infectious agents.
 
11
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Biosafety is a set of precautionary approach/ principles,
technologies and practices that are implemented to
prevent the 
unintentional 
or 
accidental 
release or
exposure to pathogens and toxins.
 
Biosafety seeks to protect the personnel, patients
(where applicable), entire community from harmful
biological agents.
                                                                    (WHO,2016 ).
 
12
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
Failures to follow such protocols can lead to increased
risk of exposure to biohazards or pathogens.
 
Research has shown that 
human error
 and poor
technique contribute to unnecessary exposure and
compromise the best safeguards set into place for
protection from biohazards.
 
 
13
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Biosafety is applicable to several fields viz: Medicine,
Agriculture, Ecology, Engineering, Research institutions
especially where synthetic biology is of essence,
teaching and production  facilities where work is
performed with infectious agents that may cause serious
or potentially lethal diseases.
 
 
14
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
COMPONENT
S (
5 PILLARS
) 
OF 
 A 
BIOSAFETY
PROGRAM
 
 
Comprehensive Training Program
Medical Surveillance
Emergency Response Plan
 Standard Operating Procedures
Biosecurity  Plan
                                                             
                 (  Lela  
et al.,
2010).
 
 
 
 
15
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Comphrensive Training Program
: 
This
training is done for individuals working with
microorganisms or human blood, cell lines or other
potentially infectious human material.
 
 
Medical surveillance
: This is the systematic
assessment of employees exposure or potential
exposure to occupational bio-hazards.
 
 
 
 
16
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
It monitors individual
s 
for adverse health effects and
determines the effectiveness of exposure, prevention
strategies.
 
Identifying workers for whom surveillance is needed.
 
Identifying potential hazards and exposure risk.
 
Select and conduct appropriate test examination.
 
17
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Emergency Response Plan(ERP)
: Is  a documented series
of steps an organisation will take during a critical event
to ensure employees safety and minimize the impact on
critical operations.
 
Emergency response plan should contain the following
in the event of a bio-emergency:
 
18
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
 
 Contact person.
 
Evacuation/exist routes.
 
Precaution and Mitigate protocols.
 
19
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Standard  Operating Procedures (SOP): 
These are safety
work guidelines use
d
 in handling bio-hazardous
materials/agents.
 
Biosecurity Plan:  
Control measures to prevent
 the
m
isuse
, 
theft,
 and 
intentional re
lease
 of biological
agents.
 
20
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
WHAT IS BIOSECURITY
 
Biosecurity is the control of 
intentional
 or 
del
i
berate
release of bio-hazardous materials.
 
It refers to measures that are taken to stop the
introduction 
or spread 
of harmful organism (virus
es 
,
bacteria, etc) to human, animal and plant life in order to
minimize the risk of transmission of infectious diseases.
 
21
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Biosecurity is an institutional program which is aimed at
reducing the risk of 
unauthorized access, loss, theft,
misuse, diversion or intentional 
release of valuable
biological materials (VBM) to tolerable, acceptable
levels.
 
 
        
 (WHO, 2006).
 
22
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
A key factor in biosecurity is 
Accountability.
Accountability
 ensures that Valuable Biological
Materials(VBM)  are controlled and traced as intended
by formally associating the specified materials with the
individuals who provide oversight and are held
responsible for them.
 
        
(WHO, 2006).
 
23
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
WHAT ARE VAULABLE BIOLOGICAL
MATERIAL ( VBM)
 
VBM  are materials that require protection for economic
and historical (archival) value
.
 
They are 
materials with the potential to cause harm
 and
whose 
 loss would have negative impact on an
institutional research effort and  reputation
 
24
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
 
VBMs include 
toxins
,
 pathogens
, 
non- pathogenic
organisms, food, genetically modified organisms
(GMOs)
, 
cell components, genetic elements and extra
terrestrial samples.
 
        
(WHO,2006).
 
25
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
 
Biosecurity requires systematic engineering, which
involves monitoring and warning, detection
,
traceability, prevention and control, diagnosis and
treatment, emergency measures, and other technical
aspects.
 
 Biosafety and biosecurity are inextricably linked and
complementary
.
                                                                               
 
(WHO, 2020).
 
 
26
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
T
hey mitigate different risk with different legal, policy
and regulatory regimes.
 
Biosafety and Biosecurity both aim 
to
 keep  dangerous
pathogens safe and secure inside the area where they
are used and  stored.
 
 
 
27
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
In a broad sense, Biosafety and Biosecurity 
enhance
the
 ability  to respond effectively to biological
threats
.
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
28
 
20/10/2022
 
Figure: shows a schematic representation of the complementarities and differences
between biosafety and biosecurity with a common central goal: the protection of the
VBM from misuse.
 
29
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
A common term used in discussing biosafety and
biosecurity is 
Biorisk
. Biorisk encompasses  Biosafety
and Biosecurity.
 
Biorisk c
an be defined as the combination of the
probability of occurrence of harm and the serverity of
harm where the source is a biological  agent or toxin.
     
(Lentzos 
et al., 
2022).
 
30
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
 
The reduction of biological risk involves  creating
expertise in managing high consequence pathogens, by
providing training on safe handling and control of
pathogens that pose significant health risk.
 
          Biosafety + Biosecurity = Biorisk Management
.
 
 
Biorisk Management = Risk assessment, mitigation,    performance
 
 
                                                                                                  (WHO, 2007).
 
31
 
SCIENTIF IC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
32
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
BIOSECURITY   COMPONENTS
 
To achieve the objective of biosecurity  which is
protection against loss, theft, 
m
isuse, diversion, or
intentional release, three (3) components must be put in
place viz: 
Physical Security, Personnel Reliability and
Information Security.
 
33
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
These components broken into 5 pillars of biosecurity
program .
 
 The 5 pillars of biosecurity program  are Inventory
process, physical security, personal reliability
program, transport programs, and information
security processes.
 
 
34
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Physical security
: This focus
es on
 preventing
unauthorized access to biological facilities and
ensuring only appropriate people within the facility
can access agents.
 
Personnel reliability
: This ensures that all staff at the
biological facility are responsible and are suitable to
work with sensitive materials
 
35
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Information security
: This includes cyber security,
ensuring all electronic information is safe from theft or
misuse.
 
A biosecurity program  should be part of a holistic biorisk
management program and can only be effective with the
support of  management of an institution.
 
36
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
37
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
BIOSAFETY LEVELS (BSL)
 
There are four biosafety levels(BSL-1,2,3,4) each with
specific controls for containment of microbes and
biological agents
 
Biosafety level in any facility is determined by and the
nature of work conducted, infectivity, severity of
disease
 and it's transmissibility
.
       
(CDC, 2006).
 
38
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
As the BSL increases so does the relative risk of the
agent/procedures as well the stringency of procedures
and facility design.
 
Biosafety leveling is a risk reduction strategy that
employs  a systematic approach to disrupting the chain
of infection.
 
39
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
40
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
CONCLUSION
 
Biosafety and Biosecurity are containment strategies of
public health importance.
 
Biosafety and Biosecurity programs help prevent and
control the spread of infectious diseases.
 
41
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
It provides defensive actions against the deliberate
misuse or abuse of biological agents for negative vices
such bioterrorism.
 
The committment of Policy makers  at the state, nation
and international level is key to achieving  biosafety  and
biosecurity .
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
42
 
20/10/2022
 
REFERENCES
 
BagheriNejad, S., Allegranzi, B., Syed, S. B., 
et al.
(2011). Healthcare Associated Infection in Africa: a
systematic review. WHO; 
89:
757–765.
 
Lentzos, F., Koblentz, G. D., Rodgers, J. (2022). The
Urgent Need For An Overhaul Of Global Biorisk
Management. Ctc sentinel.West point  New York.
 
 
 
43
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
Lela, B., Paata, I., Dana, P. (2010). Biosafety And
Biosecurity As Essential Pillars Of International Health
Security And Cross-cutting Elements Of Biological Non
proliferation. 
British Medical Journal Public Health:
20:10-16.
 
World Health Report 2002. Reducing Risks, Promoting
Healthy Life. World health Organization, Geneva.
(Accessed 12 June 2015). 106.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
20/10/2022
 
 
 
 
 
THANKS FOR LISTENING
 
SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022
 
45
 
20/10/2022
Slide Note
Embed
Share

The paper delivered at the 2022 Scientific Workshop highlights the importance of biosafety and biosecurity in the face of emerging infectious diseases. It defines key terms, emphasizes the need for containment procedures to manage biohazards, and addresses the critical pillars of biosafety and biosecurity. The objective is to enhance understanding and reinforce the significance of these measures in combating biological threats globally.


Uploaded on Jul 15, 2024 | 0 Views


Download Presentation

Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.

The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW OF BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY IKPO, PRECIOUS ETINOSA (PhD, AMLSCN) ADMLS/HEAD, MEDICAL LABORATORY UNIT FNPH, BENIN. A PAPER DELIVERED AT 2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP ORGANISED BY THE MEDICAL LABORATORY UNIT, FEDERAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL , BENIN. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 1

  2. OUTLINE Definition of terms Introduction What is Biosafety Components/pillars of Biosafety What is Biosecurity Components of Biosecurity Biosafety level (BSL) Conclusion References 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 2

  3. OBJECTIVES 1. To understand the concept of biosafety and biosecurity. 1. To re-enforce the need for biosafety and biosecurity in containing biological threats. 20/10/2022

  4. DEFINITION OF TERMS Biological Agents/materials: These are substances that are naturally occurring or synthesized from living organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and their associated toxins with the ability to adversely affect public health. Biological Threats: Are infectious disease with the potential to spread and cause an outbreak of infections e.g Smallpox , Ebola, Anthrax. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 4

  5. Infectious diseases: are illnesses caused by micro- organisms. Micro-organism: Tiny invisible living things only visible under the microscope e.g bacteria, fungi. Pathogens: A bacteria, virus or other microorganism that can cause disease. Toxins: A poison of plant or animal origin especially produced by microorganisms and acting as an antigen in the body. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 5

  6. Bio-hazards: Biological agents from either animal, plant such as bacteria, virus, wild animals, contaminated sharp objects that can cause harm to human, animal and the environment. Containment: is the term used to describe methods, practices, procedures, facilities, and equipment used to safely manage bio-hazardous materials. (CDC,2020.) 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 6

  7. INTRODUCTION Global health security is currently a burning issue worldwide. This is primarily because the world is faced with the spread of newly emergent and re-emergence of infectious microorganism. This phenomena is a result of previously uninhabited environments becoming home to human beings with the concomitant exposure to microorganisms resident there. (WHO, 2020) 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 7

  8. INTRODUCTION CONTD Furthermore, the increased interactions due to globalization, ease of travel and the world's population explosion, has led to a rise in biological threats. The resultant effect is adverse on personal well-being and social stability. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 8

  9. INTRODUCTION CONTD A very recent global example is the sudden emergence of COVID-19 pandemic in 2019 which was considered an international Biosafety incident. (WHO, 2020). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 9

  10. This Places necessity on strengthening Biosafety/Biosecurity policies, principles and practices in the workplace especially in health facilities and biological research laboratories across the world. (WHO, 2020). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 10

  11. WHAT IS BIOSAFETY According to World Health Organisation (WHO), Biosafety is the safe working practices associated with the handling of biological materials, particularly infectious agents. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 11

  12. Biosafety is a set of precautionary approach/ principles, technologies and practices that are implemented to prevent the unintentional or accidental release or exposure to pathogens and toxins. Biosafety seeks to protect the personnel, patients (where applicable), entire community from harmful biological agents. (WHO,2016 ). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 12

  13. Failures to follow such protocols can lead to increased risk of exposure to biohazards or pathogens. Research has shown that human error and poor technique contribute to unnecessary exposure and compromise the best safeguards set into place for protection from biohazards. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 13

  14. Biosafety is applicable to several fields viz: Medicine, Agriculture, Ecology, Engineering, Research institutions especially where synthetic biology is of essence, teaching and production facilities where work is performed with infectious agents that may cause serious or potentially lethal diseases. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 14

  15. COMPONENTS (5 PILLARS) OF A BIOSAFETY PROGRAM Comprehensive Training Program Medical Surveillance Emergency Response Plan Standard Operating Procedures Biosecurity Plan ( Lela et al.,2010). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 15

  16. Comphrensive Training Program: This training is done for individuals working with microorganisms or human blood, cell lines or other potentially infectious human material. Medical surveillance: This is the systematic assessment of employees exposure or potential exposure to occupational bio-hazards. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 16

  17. It monitors individuals for adverse health effects and determines the effectiveness of exposure, prevention strategies. Identifying workers for whom surveillance is needed. Identifying potential hazards and exposure risk. Select and conduct appropriate test examination. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 17

  18. Emergency Response Plan(ERP): Is a documented series of steps an organisation will take during a critical event to ensure employees safety and minimize the impact on critical operations. Emergency response plan should contain the following in the event of a bio-emergency: 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 18

  19. Contact person. Evacuation/exist routes. Precaution and Mitigate protocols. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 19

  20. Standard Operating Procedures (SOP): These are safety work guidelines used in handling bio-hazardous materials/agents. Biosecurity Plan: Control measures to prevent the misuse, theft, and intentional release of biological agents. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 20

  21. WHAT IS BIOSECURITY Biosecurity is the control of intentional or deliberate release of bio-hazardous materials. It refers to measures that are taken to stop the introduction or spread of harmful organism (viruses , bacteria, etc) to human, animal and plant life in order to minimize the risk of transmission of infectious diseases. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 21

  22. Biosecurity is an institutional program which is aimed at reducing the risk of unauthorized access, loss, theft, misuse, diversion or intentional release of valuable biological materials (VBM) to tolerable, acceptable levels. (WHO, 2006). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 22

  23. A key factor in biosecurity is Accountability. Accountability ensures that Valuable Biological Materials(VBM) are controlled and traced as intended by formally associating the specified materials with the individuals who provide oversight and are held responsible for them. (WHO, 2006). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 23

  24. WHAT ARE VAULABLE BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL ( VBM) VBM are materials that require protection for economic and historical (archival) value. They are materials with the potential to cause harm and whose loss would have negative impact on an institutional research effort and reputation 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 24

  25. VBMs include toxins, pathogens, non- pathogenic organisms, food, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), cell components, genetic elements and extra terrestrial samples. (WHO,2006). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 25

  26. Biosecurity requires systematic engineering, which involves monitoring and warning, detection, traceability, prevention and control, diagnosis and treatment, emergency measures, and other technical aspects. Biosafety and biosecurity are inextricably linked and complementary. (WHO, 2020). SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 20/10/2022 26

  27. They mitigate different risk with different legal, policy and regulatory regimes. Biosafety and Biosecurity both aim to keep dangerous pathogens safe and secure inside the area where they are used and stored. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 27

  28. In a broad sense, Biosafety and Biosecurity enhance the ability to respond effectively to biological threats. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 28

  29. Figure: shows a schematic representation of the complementarities and differences between biosafety and biosecurity with a common central goal: the protection of the VBM from misuse. SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 29 20/10/2022

  30. A common term used in discussing biosafety and biosecurity is Biorisk. Biorisk encompasses Biosafety and Biosecurity. Biorisk can be defined as the combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the serverity of harm where the source is a biological agent or toxin. (Lentzos et al., 2022). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 30

  31. The reduction of biological risk involves creating expertise in managing high consequence pathogens, by providing training on safe handling and control of pathogens that pose significant health risk. Biosafety + Biosecurity = Biorisk Management. Biorisk Management = Risk assessment, mitigation, performance (WHO, 2007). SCIENTIF IC WORKSHOP 2022 20/10/2022 31

  32. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 32

  33. BIOSECURITY COMPONENTS To achieve the objective of biosecurity which is protection against loss, theft, misuse, diversion, or intentional release, three (3) components must be put in place viz: Physical Security, Personnel Reliability and Information Security. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 33

  34. These components broken into 5 pillars of biosecurity program . The 5 pillars of biosecurity program are Inventory process, physical security, personal reliability program, transport programs, and information security processes. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 34

  35. Physical security: This focuses on preventing unauthorized access to biological facilities and ensuring only appropriate people within the facility can access agents. Personnel reliability: This ensures that all staff at the biological facility are responsible and are suitable to work with sensitive materials 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 35

  36. Information security: This includes cyber security, ensuring all electronic information is safe from theft or misuse. A biosecurity program should be part of a holistic biorisk management program and can only be effective with the support of management of an institution. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 36

  37. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 37

  38. BIOSAFETY LEVELS (BSL) There are four biosafety levels(BSL-1,2,3,4) each with specific controls for containment of microbes and biological agents Biosafety level in any facility is determined by and the nature of work conducted, infectivity, severity of disease and it's transmissibility. (CDC, 2006). 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 38

  39. As the BSL increases so does the relative risk of the agent/procedures as well the stringency of procedures and facility design. Biosafety leveling is a risk reduction strategy that employs a systematic approach to disrupting the chain of infection. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 39

  40. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 40

  41. CONCLUSION Biosafety and Biosecurity are containment strategies of public health importance. Biosafety and Biosecurity programs help prevent and control the spread of infectious diseases. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 41

  42. It provides defensive actions against the deliberate misuse or abuse of biological agents for negative vices such bioterrorism. The committment of Policy makers at the state, nation and international level is key to achieving biosafety and biosecurity . 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 42

  43. REFERENCES BagheriNejad, S., Allegranzi, B., Syed, S. B., et al. (2011). Healthcare Associated Infection in Africa: a systematic review. WHO; 89:757 765. Lentzos, F., Koblentz, G. D., Rodgers, J. (2022). The Urgent Need For An Overhaul Of Global Biorisk Management. Ctc sentinel.West point New York. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 43

  44. Lela, B., Paata, I., Dana, P. (2010). Biosafety And Biosecurity As Essential Pillars Of International Health Security And Cross-cutting Elements Of Biological Non proliferation. British Medical Journal Public Health: 20:10-16. World Health Report 2002. Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. World health Organization, Geneva. (Accessed 12 June 2015). 106. 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 44

  45. THANKS FOR LISTENING 20/10/2022 SCIENTIFIC WORKSHOP 2022 45

Related


More Related Content

giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#