Efficient Fertigation Practices for Improved Crop Yield

 
 Chemigation / Fertigation
 
Lyndon Kelley
MSU Extension / Purdue University Irrigation Management Agent
St. Joseph Co. MSU Extension, 612 E. Main St., Centreville, MI 49032
Cell 269-535-0343,   
Kelleyl@MSU.EDU
 , 269-467-5511
 
https://engineering.purdue.edu/ABE/Engagement/Irrigation
http://www.egr.msu.edu/bae/water/
www.msue.msu.edu
   - find St. Joseph Co. - then hit the  
Irrigation
 button
 
 
 
Aspects of Fertigation Planning
 
1.
Try to match the N uptake curve for your crop
2.
Beware of the N source availability. Liquid N - 28% is about ½ available
immediately and rest over the next week (warmer the soil the quicker)
3.
The greater the portion applied later, the lower the chance of N loss to leaching
or saturated soil volatilization.
4.
The greater the portion applied later, the more chance you have to reflex price
change for the crop or input in the plan.
5.
Sandy irrigated soils will often provide a yield bump for each additional N split.
Yield bump is minimal beyond 4 splits
6.
Sidedress application are still important - soil aeration and increase water
infiltration
 
Improves incorporation of herbicides.
Improves activation of herbicides.
Improves activation/reactivation of
insecticides.
Reduces nitrogen volatilization.
Maximizes yield to utilize the
resources.
 
Using irrigation to get the
most from pesticides and
nutrients
 
Timely application of
irrigation water:
 
The quantity of N taken up by the crop or subject to
loss from a single N application (A) or split N
applications (B) (Adapted from Doerge et al., 1991).
 
-Fertigation – Application of
fertilizer via irrigation water.
-Side Dress N
 
Use fertigation to
apply the additional
fertilizer need for the
higher expected yield
only to the irrigated
part of the field
 
Pivot –with end gun
 
128 irrigated acres
 
32 dry acres
 
 
Pivot –without end gun
 
121 irrigated acres
 
39 dry acres
 
 
Pivot –cornering arm
 
150 irrigated acres
 
10 dry acres
 
 
Uniform Water application essential for
uniform fertigation/chemigation
 
Unless you know the uniformity of the system keep  fertigation
application to less than 25% of total plan.
 
Example N plan :
200 bu/acre irrigated commercial corn
 
Expected yield goal 200 bu/acre resulting in 220 lb. N recommendation
 
 
   35 lbs.. in starter at planting
 135 lbs.. as sidedress
   50 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel
 
50 lbs.. in starter at planting
75 lbs.. sidedress or fertigation, knee high
75 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel
20 lbs.. fertigation, at tassel
 
50 lbs.. in starter at planting
70 lbs.. sidedress or fertigation, knee high
50 lbs.. fertigation, waste high
50 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel
 
 50 lbs.. in starter at planting
 70 lbs.. as sidedress
100 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel
 
 
 
Positive displacement injection pump
 
Chemigation backflow valve
and  injection check valve
 
 
Chemigation / Fertigation
Systems - Safety Interlock
 
 
 
Chemigation/Fertigation Calibration
 
Monitor for calculation errors or system
malfunctions.
 
Shut downs
Backflows
Hose burst
Mark the supply tank level at start
Mark the supply tank level at ¼, ½, and ¾ from finish
Monitor and adjust if needed, calculate and record the
actual applied amount for future decisions.
Backflow situation…. Pump, Pump, Pump as soon as possible.
 
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Enhance your crop yield with efficient fertigation practices outlined by Lyndon Kelley, an irrigation management agent at MSU Extension and Purdue University. Understand the key aspects of fertigation planning, including matching N uptake curves, optimizing N source availability, and utilizing irrigation to maximize pesticide and nutrient benefits. Learn about the importance of uniform water application and how to implement fertigation effectively for optimal results.


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  1. Chemigation / Fertigation Lyndon Kelley MSU Extension / Purdue University Irrigation Management Agent St. Joseph Co. MSU Extension, 612 E. Main St., Centreville, MI 49032 Cell 269-535-0343, Kelleyl@MSU.EDU , 269-467-5511 https://engineering.purdue.edu/ABE/Engagement/Irrigation http://www.egr.msu.edu/bae/water/ www.msue.msu.edu - find St. Joseph Co. - then hit the Irrigation button

  2. Aspects of Fertigation Planning 1. Try to match the N uptake curve for your crop 2. Beware of the N source availability. Liquid N - 28% is about available immediately and rest over the next week (warmer the soil the quicker) 3. The greater the portion applied later, the lower the chance of N loss to leaching or saturated soil volatilization. 4. The greater the portion applied later, the more chance you have to reflex price change for the crop or input in the plan. 5. Sandy irrigated soils will often provide a yield bump for each additional N split. Yield bump is minimal beyond 4 splits 6. Sidedress application are still important - soil aeration and increase water infiltration Improves incorporation of herbicides. Improves activation of herbicides. Improves activation/reactivation of insecticides. Reduces nitrogen volatilization. Maximizes yield to utilize the resources. Using irrigation to get the most from pesticides and nutrients Timely application of irrigation water:

  3. -Fertigation Application of fertilizer via irrigation water. -Side Dress N The quantity of N taken up by the crop or subject to loss from a single N application (A) or split N applications (B) (Adapted from Doerge et al., 1991).

  4. Use fertigation to apply the additional fertilizer need for the higher expected yield only to the irrigated part of the field Pivot without end gun 121 irrigated acres 39 dry acres Pivot cornering arm Pivot with end gun 150 irrigated acres 128 irrigated acres 10 dry acres 32 dry acres

  5. Uniform Water application essential for uniform fertigation/chemigation Unless you know the uniformity of the system keep fertigation application to less than 25% of total plan.

  6. Example N plan : 200 bu/acre irrigated commercial corn Expected yield goal 200 bu/acre resulting in 220 lb. N recommendation 35 lbs.. in starter at planting 135 lbs.. as sidedress 50 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel 50 lbs.. in starter at planting 70 lbs.. as sidedress 100 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel 50 lbs.. in starter at planting 70 lbs.. sidedress or fertigation, knee high 50 lbs.. fertigation, waste high 50 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel 50 lbs.. in starter at planting 75 lbs.. sidedress or fertigation, knee high 75 lbs.. fertigation, 2 week prior to tassel 20 lbs.. fertigation, at tassel

  7. Chemigation backflow valve and injection check valve Positive displacement injection pump Chemigation / Fertigation Systems - Safety Interlock

  8. Chemigation/Fertigation Calibration Monitor for calculation errors or system malfunctions. Shut downs Backflows Hose burst Mark the supply tank level at start Mark the supply tank level at , , and from finish Monitor and adjust if needed, calculate and record the actual applied amount for future decisions. Backflow situation . Pump, Pump, Pump as soon as possible.

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