Unveiling the Deception of Maps
Discover the subtle art of map manipulation and deception through data classification methods, choropleth maps, and map projections. Learn how map symbols and aerial units can mislead perception and explore resources on avoiding map inaccuracies.
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Presentation Transcript
HOW MAPS LIE? Wei-Hsin Fu, Carleton College Created Fall 2016. Revised Summer 2022
(1) Data Classification Defined-Interval Classification Quantile Classification
What are Choropleth Maps? Showing quantity using aerial symbols ( choro : place, pleth : to fill) Most data we encounter are aggregated by aerial units.
(2) Displaying Counts in Choropleth Maps Source: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog486/node/1864
MAUP Modifiable Aerial Unit Problem Observed aggregated values will vary according to how we draw the area boundaries. Source: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/geog486/node/1864
(4) State polygon size does not convey information about the relative state total population.
Cartogram/Value-by-Area Maps State polygons are altered so their sizes are proportional to state total population.
(5) Map Projection Why are we changing maps? from The West Wing https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLqC3FNNOaI
How Can Maps Lie Data classification methods Displaying counts in choropleth maps Areal units used to aggregate point data Size of aerial units (e.g. states) can mislead perception about some data (e.g. total population) for the areas. Distortions introduced by map projection Map symbol choices
Resources When Maps Lie Tips from a geographer on how to avoid being fooled http://www.citylab.com/design/2015/06/when-maps-lie/396761/ Understanding statistical data for mapping purposes, by Esri http://www.esri.com/esri-news/arcuser/winter-2013/understanding-statistical-data-for-mapping-purposes NCGIA (National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis) Cartogram Central http://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/projects/Cartogram_Central/index.html Worldmapper a collection of world maps, where territories are re-sized on each map according to the subject of interest. http://www.worldmapper.org/index.html
