Understanding Tests, Measurements, and Evaluation in Scientific Terms
In scientific terms, a test is an instrument used for accurate measurement in mental or physical assessments, while measurement involves collecting information through administering and scoring tests. Evaluation assigns value to measurement scores by comparing collected data with standards and making decisions based on the findings. This process aids in decision-making using valid measurements for comparison with set standards.
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MEANING OF TEST IN SCIENTIFIC TERMS, TEST MEANS AN INSTRUMENT TO BE USED FOR ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF ANYTHING. IT MAY BE A WRITTEN QUESTION PAPER (FOR MENTAL TESTING) OR A MEASURING-TAPE, THERMOMETER, WEIGHING SCALE ETC. (FOR PHYSICAL TESTING). TEST IS PRE-REQUISITE FOR ALL MEASUREMENTS. TEST MAY BE DEFINED AS A FORM OF QUESTIONING OR MEASURING TOOL USED TO ASSESS THE STATUS OF ONE S SKILL, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES OR FITNESS.
DEFINITIONOF TEST A TEST IS THE PRESENTATION OF A SITUTATION OR A SERIES OF SITUATIONS WHICH BRING OUT A SPECIFIC RESPONSE OR ANSWER FROM THE SUBJECT. THE RESPONSE 0R REACTION IS LIABLE TO BE MEASURED QUANTITATIVELY AND QUALITATIVELY. ACCORDING TO WEBSTER S DICTIONARY, A TEST IS A TOOL TO EVALUATE THE SKILL, KNOWLEDGE, CAPACITIES OR APTITUDES OF AN INDICIDUAL OR A GROUP. ACCORDING TO BARROW AND McGee, TEST REFERS TO ANY SPECIFIC INSTRUMENT, PROCEDURE OR TECHNIQUE USED BY AN ADMINISTRATOR TO ELICIT A RESPONSE FROM THE TEST TAKER.
MEANING OF MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT IS THE PROCESS OF COLLECTING INFORMATIONS . MEASUREMENT CAN ALSO BE DEFINED AS ADMINISTRATION, AND SCORING OF TESTS . MEASUREMENT GENERALLY RESULTS IN QUANTITATIVE DATA.
DEFINITION OF MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT IS THE USE OF TESTS AND TECHNIQUES TO COLLECT INFORMATION OR DATA ABOUT SPECIFIC SKILL OR FITNESS LEVEL OF AN INDIVIDUAL. FOR EXAMPLE, THER ARE VARIOUS TESTS, SUCH AS MILLLER VOLLEYBALL TEST, JOHNSON BASKETBALL ABILITY TEST, AAHPERD PHYSICAL TEST. ACCORDING TO H.M BARROW , MEASUREMENT REFERS TO THE PROCESS OF ADMINISTRATING A TEST TO OBTAIN QUANTITATIVE DATA. ACCORDING TO BARRY L JOHNSON AND JACK NELSON, MEASUREMENT AIDS EVALUATION PROCESS IN WHICH VARIOUS TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES ARE USED IN COLLECTION OF DATA.
MEANING OF EVALUATION THE EVALUATION ASSIGNS THE WORTH OR VALUE TO THE MEASUREMENT SCORE. EVALUATION INVOLVES TWO STEPS. ONE, COMPARISON OF COLLECTED DATA (MEASUREMENT) WITH SOME STANDARD/NORMS AND TWO , DECISION-MAKING OR ANNOUNCEMENT OF EVALUATION ON THE BASIS OF FINDING HOW GOOD? THUS, EVALUATION IS A TECHNIQUE OF DECISION MAKING BY USING VALID MEASUREMENTS FOR COMPARISON WITH EITHER NORM- REFERENCED OR CRITERIA-REFERENCED STANDARDS.
DEFINITION OF EVALUATION EVALUATION IS THE PROCESS OF DETERMINING THE VALUE OR WORTH OF MEASUREMENTS COLLECTED THROUGH TESTS. EVALUATION IS THE PROCESS OF INTERPRETING, ANALYSING, AND ASSESSING THE DATA OBTAINED FORM TESTS, EVALUATION CAN BE EITHER SUBJECTIVE OR OBJECTIVE. IT IS THE JUDGEMENT OF WHAT THE NUMERICAL MEASUREMENT DATA ACTUALLY MEAN (HOPKINS & STANLEY, 1981). ACCORDING TO BARROW AND McGee, IT IS THE PROCESS OF EDUCATION THAT INVOLVES COLLECTION OF DATA FROM THE PRODUCTS WHICH CAN BE USED FOR COMPARISON WITH PRECONCEIVED CRITERIA TO MAKE JUDGEMENT.
