Understanding Reported Speech: Questions, Commands, Requests, and Reporting Verbs
Learn how to report questions, commands, and requests in reported speech, along with the usage of reporting verbs like say, tell, ask, promise, advice, deny, and suggest. Understand the changes in tenses, pronouns, and structure when reporting different types of speech acts.
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Reported speech: Questions When we report questions, changes in tenses, pronouns, possessive adjectives, time and place, so are the same as in reported statements. In reported question, the verb follows the subject as in ordinary statements and we do not use question marks.
When a direct question has a question word, we use this word in the reported question. Example: When did you start making records? he asked. He asked when I had started making records? When a direct question doesn t have question word, we use if or whether in the reported speech. Example: Do you like classical music? he asked. He asked if/whether I like classical music.
Reported Speech: Commands When we report commands, we usually use: tell + object + full infinitive Example: Turn the volume down! he shouted at me. He told me to turn the volume down. Do not take my MP3 player! he said to his sister. He told his sister not to take his MP3 player.
Reported Speech: Requests When we report a request, we usually use: ask + object + full infinitive Example: Can you lend me your headphones, please? she asked. She asked me to lend her my headphones. Please do not tell anyone, he said. He asked us not to tell anyone.
Reported Speech: Reporting Verbs STATEMENTS Say + (that) + clause He said (that) he had enjoyed the concert. Tell + (that) + object + clause He told us (that) he had enjoyed the concert. QUESTIONS Ask + question word + clause He asked where the concert was being held. Ask + if/whether + clause He asked if/whether we had enjoyed the concert.
COMMANDS Tell + object + full infinitive He told us not to go to the concert. REQUESTS Ask + object + full infinitive He asked us to buy him a ticket for the concert.
We can also use other verbs such as: promise, advice, deny and suggest to report speech. VERB + OBJECT + FULL INFINITIVE Promise I will buy you a ticket for the concert, he said. He promised me to buya ticket for the concert. Advice If I were you, I would buy tickets for the concert, he said. He advised us to buy tickets for the concert.
VERB + GERUND (ING) Deny I didn t take your ticket for the concert, he said. He denied taking my ticket for the concert. Suggest Let s buy tickets for the concert, he said. He suggested buying tickets for the concert.
Homework The example D page 129.
