The Origin and Impact of the Internet
INFS 211:
Introduction to Information
Technology
Session 5 – The Internet
Lecturer: Dr. Ebenezer Ankrah, Dept. of Information Studies
Contact Information: eankrah@ug.edu.gh
Session Overview
•
It is hard to image life without the Internet. We use the
Internet to shop, communicate, research, find places and
directions. It’s accessible from our computers or cell phones
and can be accessed while at home, at work and at school.
But what exactly is the internet and how it began?
•
This session explains the origin and the major uses of the
Internet.
Slide 2
Session Overview
•
At the end of the session, the student will
–
Be able to explain the origin of the Internet
–
Understand the major advantages and disadvantages of
the Internet.
–
Understand the role of Internet Service Providers (ISP)
–
Be able to manage their spam effectively.
Slide 3
Session Outline
The key topics to be covered in the session are as follows:
–
The origin of the Internet
–
Advantages of the Internet
–
Major uses of the Internet
–
Managing spam
Slide 4
Reading List
•
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-disadvantages-
internet.html
•
http://www.infojug.com/computer-articles/advantages-and-
disadvantages-of-the-internet.html
•
http://beforeitsnews.com/alternative/2013/06/top-10-uses-
of-internet-2690290.html
•
http://top-10-list.org/2013/06/22/top-10-uses-of-internet/2
Slide 5
Reading List
•
Alan, E., Kendall, M., & Poatsy, M. A. (2015).
Technology In Action Complete (12
th
ed.).
Upper
Saddle River: New Jersy. Prentice Hall. (Chapter 3)
•
Williams, B. K., & Sawyer, S. C. (2014).
Using
Information Technology: A practical introduction to
computers and communications (11
th
ed.).
McGraw-
Hill Education.
(Chapter 2)
Slide 6
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Topic One
Slide 7
The origin of the Internet
•
The Internet is a physical global collection of networks.
These are normally made up of satellites, wires and cables
that link individuals, businesses, educational institutions
government agencies and non-governmental organisations.
•
The Internet can be explained as a network of computers,
designed to receive and send data in the form of e-mails,
blogs, webcasts, etc.
•
To put it simply, it can be likened to a super-massive server,
armed with a plethora of information which is used by
billions of people simultaneously. The Internet is basically a
network that connects other, smaller networks.
Slide 8
The origin of the Internet
•
The United States of America (USA) government in
an attempt to coordinate the efforts of its research
laboratories created a network to link the
laboratories in September 1969 called ARPANET
(Advanced Research Projects Agency Network).
Slide 9
The origin of the Internet
•
Initially, it was to allow researchers working on military
projects to share information and to enable them
function even if part(s) of it came under attack or
destroyed by a natural disaster.
•
Researchers used the network to deliver electronic mail
(E-mail) enabling them to share research information
from one researcher to the other.
•
As a result of the high-speed connection that it provides,
its growth has been so phenomenal that by 1984, there
were 1000 host computers connected in the network.
Slide 10
The origin of the Internet
•
Another stimuli for rapid growth occurred in 1986,
when the National Science Foundation (NSF)
connected its huge network of five supercomputer
centres, called
NSFnet,
to ARPANET. This
configuration of complex networks and hosts
became known as the Internet.
•
Until1995, NSFnet handled the bulk of the
communications activity, or traffic, on the Internet.
Slide 11
The origin of the Internet
•
In 1995, NSFnet terminated its network on the
Internet and resumed its status as a research
network.
•
Today, the Internet consists of many local, regional,
national, and international networks. Numerous
corporations, commercial firms, and other
companies provide networks to handle the Internet
traffic.
Slide 12
The origin of the Internet
•
The major characteristics of the Internet are:
–
Open – the Internet is unregulated and is available to
everybody.
–
Un trusted – anybody can put any information on it. This
makes the contents unreliable or unauthenticated.
–
Global – The Internet has a global reach and is operative
24 hours a day, 365 days in a year.
–
Inexpensive – Access to the Internet is relatively cheap.
Slide 13
THE ADVANTAGES AND
DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET
Topic Two
Slide 14
The
Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Internet has been perhaps the most outstanding innovation
in the field of communication in the history of mankind. As
with every single innovation, internet has its own
advantages and disadvantages.
•
Nonetheless, the greater magnitude of its advantages
outweighs its disadvantages.
•
All modern technologies are connected by the Internet,
thereby leaving no stone unturned. This digital world can
be a playground for some and a battlefield for others.
Slide 15
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Advantages of the Internet
•
Faster Communication
–
The Internet has been mankind's greatest means of communication
yet. Newer innovations are only making it faster and more reliable.
Today, we can initiate real-time communication with someone who is
in another part of the world.
–
For more personal and interactive communication, it is possible to
avail the facilities of video conferencing, chat and messenger services.
With the help of these services, the geographically fragmented
countries have come together to form a community that is able to
share its thoughts on global issues, that affect each and every one of
us. The Internet has given us a common platform and medium through
which we are able to explore other cultures and ideologies.
Slide 16
The Advantages and Disadvantages of
the Internet
•
Abundant Information Resources
–
The Internet is a treasure trove of information; which
offers knowledge on any given topic under the sun. Search
engines make information accessible on various subject
matters such as, government law and services, trade fairs
and conferences, market information, new innovations and
technical support, and even dispense advice on love and
relationships matters.
Slide 17
The Advantages and Disadvantages of
the Internet
–
It has become common practice to seek assistance from
the web in order to research and gather resources for
homework, office presentations, and supplement ones
own research.
–
The web also updates news about the latest breakthroughs
in the field of medicine, technology, and other domains of
science. Numerous websites such as America's Doctor,
have made it possible to seek online advice from specialist
doctors without having to actually fix an appointment.
Slide 18
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Inexhaustible Education
–
The Internet has become an essential propagator of
knowledge, both through free as well as paid services. The
credibility of this form of education and whether it is safe,
secure, and trustworthy, is usually proven through the
quality and authenticity of content presented by each
website.
–
The World Wide Web has become a remarkable avenue for
the academically unprivileged, to amass greater
knowledge and know-how on subjects.
Slide 19
The Advantages and Disadvantages of
the Internet
–
The entire scope of homeschooling has expanded because
of increased accessibility to videos of teachers giving
lectures, showing diagrams and explaining concepts, much
like a real classroom.
–
Nonprofit organizations too have opened websites that
seek volunteers and donations in order to help the ones in
need. There are also sites like Wikipedia, Coursera, Babbel,
Archive, and Teachertube, among others, that have
dedicated themselves to the art of imparting knowledge to
people of all age groups.
Slide 20
The Advantages and Disadvantages of
the Internet
•
Entertainment for Everyone
–
Entertainment is one of the foremost reasons why people
prefer surfing the Web. In fact, the Internet has gained
much success by marketing for several multifaceted
entertainment industries.
–
Finding the latest updates about celebrities and exploring
lifestyle websites have become day-to-day activities of
many Internet consumers. On the other hand, even
celebrities are using the Internet effectively for promoting
their cause and for keeping their fans happy.
Slide 21
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
There are innumerable games that can be download,
either for a price or for free. Indeed, online gaming has
tasted dramatic and phenomenal success because of its
ever-increasing demand throughout the world.
Slide 22
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Social Networking and Staying Connected
–
One cannot imagine a social life without Facebook or
Twitter. These portals have become our means to stay
connected with friends and family, and stay in touch with
the latest happenings in the world.
–
Social networking has also evolved as a great medium to
connect with like-minded individuals and become a part of
interesting groups and communities.
Slide 23
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
Apart from finding long-lost friends, the Internet also
makes it easier to search and apply for jobs and business
opportunities on forums and communities.
–
There are public chat rooms where users can meet new
people. For those who are single, the Internet also
provides the option to select a suitable dating partner
through secure online profiles, that can be filtered as per
personal preferences.
Slide 24
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Online Services and E-commerce
–
Thanks to numerous monetary services, we can perform
all our financial transactions online. We can book tickets
for a movie, transfer funds, pay utility bills and taxes
without having to leave our homes or offices.
–
Travel websites for instance, offer quick booking schemes
and plan itineraries as per the preferences of their clients.
Slide 25
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
E-commerce is used for all type of business dealing that
involves the transfer of money through the Internet.
Online transaction of money has become the norm with
almost all kinds of business.
–
E-commerce, with its vast reach over a variety of products
and services, makes it possible to have the client's orders
delivered at their doorsteps. Websites such as eBay allow
customers to bid, buy, sell, and even auction products
online.
Slide 26
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Disadvantages of the Internet
•
Theft of Personal Information
–
The use of Internet for banking, social networking, or
other services, often makes our personal information
vulnerable to theft.
–
There are no fail-proof ways to securing names, account
numbers, addresses, photos, and credit card numbers
from being stolen or misused by thieving websites and
individuals.
Slide 27
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
Unscrupulous hackers can access our sensitive information
through unsecured connections by planting phishing
software.
–
Needless to say, the damage caused by having our
identities misused and our accounts broken into, is often
irreparable and most of all, embarrassing.
Slide 28
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Spamming
–
Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails, which
serve no purpose and needlessly obstruct the computer
system.
–
Such illegal activities can be very frustrating as it makes it
slower to access our email accounts and makes the entire
service unreliable for consumers.
Slide 29
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
Spammers usually use bots that bombard the receiver with
an endless line of advertisements. This can prove to be
increasingly perplexing, as it keeps getting mixed with our
more important emails.
–
Fortunately, email service providers often have security
systems in place to guard against spamming. Fortunately, it
is possible to report an email as spam, so that all emails
from the same email id or IP address, are blocked.
Slide 30
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Malware Threats
–
One of the most annoying problems with the Internet is
the ease with which any malware can infect our
computers. Internet users are often plagued by virus
attacks that harm their computers and important files.
Virus programs are inconspicuous and may get activated
simply by clicking a seemingly harmless link.
–
Computers connected to the Internet are extremely prone
to IP targeted virus attacks that may end up crashing the
system completely
Slide 31
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
Internet virus can be of three types. The first type of virus
affects files and goes directly for a particular file or file type.
–
The second type harms system and executable boot files. These
can be particularly nasty, as they can effectively stop the
computer from starting again.
–
Lastly, there's the macro virus, which is the most common as
well as the most harmless of them all. The macro virus simply
keep changing things like symbols on word files.
–
The type of virus that can replicate and spread itself is known as
worms. When a virus is disguised as something else, it's known
as a trojan.
Slide 32
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Age-inappropriate Content
–
Pornography and age-inappropriate content is perhaps the
biggest disadvantage of the Internet. The worst being
underage porn, which is largely rampant in the deeper
parts of the web.
–
It is the lack of control over the distribution and
unrestricted access of pornographic material, that is
detrimental to children. All that parents can do, is lock
harmful sites and monitor the sites viewed by their
children.
Slide 33
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
Pornography is not just frowned upon by most societies,
it's also banned by some. The Internet makes uploading
shocking content so easy, that we end up coming across
inappropriate words and images, despite not wanting to.
Slide 34
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Social Isolation, Obesity, and Depression
–
The biggest problem with having the Internet is, its ability to create
rifts between the real and virtual world. The virtual world can often
seem so alluring that once hooked, going back to real life seems
daunting.
–
There is an addiction for everything that pertains to the web and that
includes excessive surfing, online gambling, social networking, and
gaming addiction. There are now psychiatric clinics and doctors that
specifically cater to resolving the problems created by the Internet.
–
These addictions create both physical as well as mental issues that can
lead to health complications if left unattended. It is ironic that, while it
is easy to find plenty of online support for agoraphobia, the Internet
itself can be a big cause or trigger for it.
Slide 35
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
–
The link between obesity and the Internet is rather easy to
understand. The more one sits in front of the computer, the
lesser one exercises. At the end of the longish list of physical
and emotional maladies, is depression. Since all problems are so
deeply linked with one another and with the Internet, it isn't
uncommon for people to be afflicted with multiple issues.
–
Recent studies and research have gone deep enough to actually
differentiate between compulsive Internet use and excessive
Internet use. Furthermore, thanks to smart phones, holding a
simple face-to-face conversation seems out of the ordinary as
compared to chatting online.
Slide 36
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the
Internet
•
Thus, even though the Internet has the potential to
make our lives simple and convenient, it also holds
the power to wreak havoc. Its influence on us is
mostly dictated by the choices we make while being
online. With prudent use, we can manage to harness
its unlimited potential and steer clear of its adverse
effects.
Slide 37
MAJOR USES OF THE INTERNET
Topic Three
Slide 38
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Internet is today one of the most important part of our
daily life. There are large numbers of things that can be
done using the internet and so it is very important. You can
say that with the progress in the internet we are
progressing in every sphere of life as it not only makes our
tasks easier but also saves a lot of time. Today internet is
used for different purposes depending upon the
requirement. The major uses are as follows:
Slide 39
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Communication
–
At the moment the easiest thing that can be done using the
internet is that we can communicate with the people living far
away from us with extreme ease. Earlier the communication
used to be a daunting task but all that changed once internet
came into the life of the common people.
–
Now people can not only chat but can also do the video
conferencing. It has become extremely easy to contact the loved
ones who are in some other part of the world.
–
Communication is the most important gift that the internet has
given to the common man. Email, social networking sites are
some of the prime example of it. This is one such gift of the
internet which is cherished by everyone and has made our life
easier to much extent.
Slide 40
Major Uses of the Internet
–
There are many people who are very much interested in
writing blogs and for them internet is the best place. They
can not only write blogs as per their wish but can also
publicize their work so that their work reaches to most of
the people and they get appreciated.
–
There is huge number of websites over the internet which
allows you to write blogs. You just need to get yourself
registered as per their procedure and then start writing.
–
And if your blogs are really good and so many people visit
your blog then there is chance that you might get elected
to write blogs for big organizations. Blogging has reached
to all new level with the help of internet and is one such
use which is beneficial to everyone.
Slide 41
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Research
–
Now the point that has been placed next is research. In order to
do research you need to go through hundreds of books as well
as the references and that was one of the most difficult jobs to
do earlier. Since the internet came into life, everything is
available just a click away.
–
You just have to search for the concerned topic and you will get
hundreds of references that may be beneficial for your research.
And since internet is here to make your research public, you can
then benefit a large amount of people from the research work
that you have done.
–
Research is one such thing which has got lots of benefit from
this evolution of internet. Research process has now got wings
and has gained the most due to the internet.
Slide 42
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Education
–
The next point that we have in this list is education. Yes you read it
right. Education is one of the best things that the internet can provide.
There are a number of books, reference books, online help centers,
expert’s views and other study oriented material on the internet that
can make the learning process very easier as well as a fun learning
experience.
–
There are lots and lots of websites which are related to different topic.
You can visit them and can gain endless amount of knowledge that you
wish to have. With the use of internet for education, you are non-
longer dependent on some other person to come and teach you.
–
There are various number of tutorials available over the internet using
which you can learn so many thing very easily. There can’t be any
excellent use of the internet other than education as it is the key to
achieve everything in life.
Slide 43
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Financial Transaction
–
The next use mentioned here is financial transaction. Financial
transaction is the term which is used when there is exchange of
money. With the use of internet in the financial transaction,
your work has become a lot easier.
–
Now you don’t need to stand in the queue at the branch of your
particular bank rather you can just log in on to the bank website
with the credential that has been provided to you by the bank
and then can do any transaction related to finance at your will.
–
With the ability to do the financial transaction easily over the
internet you can purchase or sell items so easily. Financial
transaction can be considered as one of the best uses of
resource in the right direction.
Slide 44
Major Uses of the Internet
–
Shopping has now become one of the most pleasing things
to do using the internet. Whenever you find time, just visit
the concerned websites and order the items that you need
from there.
–
Those items will be delivered to you in best possible time.
There is huge number of options available for a common
people to buy or to sell any particular item using the
internet. Using internet now it is possible to buy products
from all over the world.
Slide 45
Major Uses of the Internet
–
Do you remember the time when the only way to book the
railway tickets or bus tickets or plane tickets was to visit their
centers at the designated location?
–
That time has completely changed and today everything is
available at the mouse click. This has been possible only
because of the internet. Not only the online booking process is
easier as well as less tedious but is also reliable.
–
There is no need to visit the booking counters to book tickets or
to contact the agents that might ask for more money in order to
process your request. You can do all these things sitting at
home, using internet. The booking process has simplified
because of the internet and this is the best use of the resources
that you have.
Slide 46
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Real Time Updates
–
Real time updates have been placed at the number fifth position
here. This has been mentioned here in regards to the news and
other happenings that may be on-going in different parts of the
world but with the use of internet we come to know about it
very easily and without any difficulty.
–
There are various websites on the internet which provides you
with the real time updates in every field be it in business,
sports, finance, politics, entertainment and others.
–
Many a time the decisions are taken on the real time updates
that are happening in various parts of the world and this is
where internet is very essential and helpful.
Slide 47
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Leisure
–
Leisure is the option that we have next in the list. Yes you
heard it right. Right from watching your favorite videos to
listening songs, watching movies, playing games, chatting
with the loved ones has been possible due to internet.
–
Internet has progressed with so much pace that today
whenever you get time, you just move on to the internet
and so such activities which helps you to relax.
–
Leisure is one of the most important uses of internet and
that has surely one thing that attracts people towards it.
Internet is home of some of the excellent resources using
which you can freshen up your mood in minutes.
Slide 48
Major Uses of the Internet
•
Job Search
–
Job search is one such thing which required updates from every
corner as well the patience from the person searching for it.
Using internet, this has become an easier task.
–
There are endless amount of websites on the internet that
provided with the news about the vacancy in various
companies. You just need to get yourself registered at these
website and they will do the rest.
–
They will not only send you the email mentioning job vacancy
according to your choice but will also help you to select the best
out of them. Job search is easier now, all thanks to internet else
it was a nightmare earlier.
Slide 49
MANAGING SPAM
Topic Four
Slide 50
Managing Spam
•
Many Internet Service Providers and manufacturers offer filtering
software to limit the spam in their users’ email inboxes. The best
way for computer users to fight spam is to report it using those
tools, forward unwanted spam on to the appropriate
enforcement authorities, and then hit delete.
•
Some spam messages ask for your business, others invite you to
a website with a detailed pitch. Either way, these tips can help
you avoid spam scams:
–
Protect your personal information.
Share credit card or other personal
information only when you’re buying from a company you know and
trust.
–
Know who you’re dealing with.
Don’t do business with any company
that won’t provide its name, street address, and telephone number.
–
Take your time.
Resist any urge to “act now” despite the offer and the
terms. Once you turn over your money, you may never get it back.
Slide 51
Managing Spam
–
Read the small print.
Get all promises in writing and review
them carefully before you make a payment or sign a contract.
–
Never pay for a “free” gift.
Disregard any offer that asks you to
pay for a gift or prize. If it’s free or a gift, you shouldn’t have to
pay for it. Free means free. Filter Tips: 10 Scams to Screen from
Your Email
–
Never unsubscribe or reply
Many spam e-mails contain a link to unsubscribe. Usually this is
nothing but a way to confirm working e-mail addresses. Clicking
this link has been shown to increase spam by more than 85
percent, while replying to the e-mail with a request to
unsubscribe has been shown to increase spam by a staggering
192 percent.
–
Be familiar with common online scams
Slide 52
Managing Spam
–
If you have not already done so, it is highly recommended
that you activate the spam filter for your email solution,
whether online or not.
–
Be sure to report spam as it comes in. If your software has
a “this is spam” or “report spam” button, USE IT! This
reports the message back to a central system that can then
use that information to kill more spam from the same
source.
Slide 53
References
•
French, C. S. (2001).
Data processing and information technology
(10
th
ed.). London, Continuum: Sage Publications Ltd.
•
Hutchinson, S. E., & Sawyer, S. C. (2000).
Computers,
communication and information: A user’s introduction (7
th
ed.).
Boston: Irwin McGraw-Hill.
•
O’Leary, T. J. (2004).
Computing today
. Boston: McGraw Hill.
•
O’Leary, T. J., & O’Leary, L. I. (2005).
Computing Essentials
.
Boston: McGraw Hill.
•
Thompson, R. L., & Cats-Bail, W. L. (2003).
Information
technology and management (2
nd
ed.).
Boston: Irwin McGraw-
Hill.
•
Williams, et al (2003).
Using information technology: a practical
introduction of computers and communications
. Boston:
McGraw-Hill.
Slide 54
The Internet, a global network of networks, connects individuals, businesses, and organizations worldwide. This session explores the inception of the Internet, its significance, major uses, and how to manage spam effectively. Learn about its origins, advantages, and disadvantages to grasp its role in our daily lives. Discover key topics such as the Internet's structure, network connections, and its impact on various sectors. Dive into the reading list to delve deeper into the technological advancements shaping the digital age.
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Presentation Transcript
Lecturer: Dr. Ebenezer Ankrah, Dept. of Information Studies Contact Information: eankrah@ug.edu.gh College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2014/2015 2016/2017
Session Overview It is hard to image life without the Internet. We use the Internet to shop, communicate, research, find places and directions. It s accessible from our computers or cell phones and can be accessed while at home, at work and at school. But what exactly is the internet and how it began? This session explains the origin and the major uses of the Internet. Slide 2
Session Overview At the end of the session, the student will Be able to explain the origin of the Internet Understand the major advantages and disadvantages of the Internet. Understand the role of Internet Service Providers (ISP) Be able to manage their spam effectively. Slide 3
Session Outline The key topics to be covered in the session are as follows: The origin of the Internet Advantages of the Internet Major uses of the Internet Managing spam Slide 4
Reading List http://www.buzzle.com/articles/advantages-disadvantages- internet.html http://www.infojug.com/computer-articles/advantages-and- disadvantages-of-the-internet.html http://beforeitsnews.com/alternative/2013/06/top-10-uses- of-internet-2690290.html http://top-10-list.org/2013/06/22/top-10-uses-of-internet/2 Slide 5
Reading List Alan, E., Kendall, M., & Poatsy, M. A. (2015). Technology In Action Complete (12th ed.). Upper Saddle River: New Jersy. Prentice Hall. (Chapter 3) Williams, B. K., & Sawyer, S. C. (2014). Using Information Technology: A practical introduction to computers and communications (11th ed.). McGraw- Hill Education. (Chapter 2) Slide 6
Topic One THE ORIGIN OF THE INTERNET Slide 7
The origin of the Internet The Internet is a physical global collection of networks. These are normally made up of satellites, wires and cables that link individuals, businesses, educational institutions government agencies and non-governmental organisations. The Internet can be explained as a network of computers, designed to receive and send data in the form of e-mails, blogs, webcasts, etc. To put it simply, it can be likened to a super-massive server, armed with a plethora of information which is used by billions of people simultaneously. The Internet is basically a network that connects other, smaller networks. Slide 8
The origin of the Internet The United States of America (USA) government in an attempt to coordinate the efforts of its research laboratories created a network to link the laboratories in September 1969 called ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network). Slide 9
The origin of the Internet Initially, it was to allow researchers working on military projects to share information and to enable them function even if part(s) of it came under attack or destroyed by a natural disaster. Researchers used the network to deliver electronic mail (E-mail) enabling them to share research information from one researcher to the other. As a result of the high-speed connection that it provides, its growth has been so phenomenal that by 1984, there were 1000 host computers connected in the network. Slide 10
The origin of the Internet Another stimuli for rapid growth occurred in 1986, when the National Science Foundation (NSF) connected its huge network of five supercomputer centres, called NSFnet, to ARPANET. This configuration of complex networks and hosts became known as the Internet. Until1995, NSFnet handled the bulk of the communications activity, or traffic, on the Internet. Slide 11
The origin of the Internet In 1995, NSFnet terminated its network on the Internet and resumed its status as a research network. Today, the Internet consists of many local, regional, national, and international networks. Numerous corporations, commercial firms, and other companies provide networks to handle the Internet traffic. Slide 12
The origin of the Internet The major characteristics of the Internet are: Open the Internet is unregulated and is available to everybody. Un trusted anybody can put any information on it. This makes the contents unreliable or unauthenticated. Global The Internet has a global reach and is operative 24 hours a day, 365 days in a year. Inexpensive Access to the Internet is relatively cheap. Slide 13
Topic Two THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE INTERNET Slide 14
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Internet has been perhaps the most outstanding innovation in the field of communication in the history of mankind. As with every single innovation, internet has its own advantages and disadvantages. Nonetheless, the greater magnitude of its advantages outweighs its disadvantages. All modern technologies are connected by the Internet, thereby leaving no stone unturned. This digital world can be a playground for some and a battlefield for others. Slide 15
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Advantages of the Internet Faster Communication The Internet has been mankind's greatest means of communication yet. Newer innovations are only making it faster and more reliable. Today, we can initiate real-time communication with someone who is in another part of the world. For more personal and interactive communication, it is possible to avail the facilities of video conferencing, chat and messenger services. With the help of these services, the geographically fragmented countries have come together to form a community that is able to share its thoughts on global issues, that affect each and every one of us. The Internet has given us a common platform and medium through which we are able to explore other cultures and ideologies. Slide 16
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Abundant Information Resources The Internet is a treasure trove of information; which offers knowledge on any given topic under the sun. Search engines make information accessible on various subject matters such as, government law and services, trade fairs and conferences, market information, new innovations and technical support, and even dispense advice on love and relationships matters. Slide 17
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet It has become common practice to seek assistance from the web in order to research and gather resources for homework, office presentations, and supplement ones own research. The web also updates news about the latest breakthroughs in the field of medicine, technology, and other domains of science. Numerous websites such as America's Doctor, have made it possible to seek online advice from specialist doctors without having to actually fix an appointment. Slide 18
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Inexhaustible Education The Internet has become an essential propagator of knowledge, both through free as well as paid services. The credibility of this form of education and whether it is safe, secure, and trustworthy, is usually proven through the quality and authenticity of content presented by each website. The World Wide Web has become a remarkable avenue for the academically unprivileged, to amass greater knowledge and know-how on subjects. Slide 19
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet The entire scope of homeschooling has expanded because of increased accessibility to videos of teachers giving lectures, showing diagrams and explaining concepts, much like a real classroom. Nonprofit organizations too have opened websites that seek volunteers and donations in order to help the ones in need. There are also sites like Wikipedia, Coursera, Babbel, Archive, and Teachertube, among others, that have dedicated themselves to the art of imparting knowledge to people of all age groups. Slide 20
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Entertainment for Everyone Entertainment is one of the foremost reasons why people prefer surfing the Web. In fact, the Internet has gained much success by marketing for several multifaceted entertainment industries. Finding the latest updates about celebrities and exploring lifestyle websites have become day-to-day activities of many Internet consumers. On the other hand, even celebrities are using the Internet effectively for promoting their cause and for keeping their fans happy. Slide 21
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet There are innumerable games that can be download, either for a price or for free. Indeed, online gaming has tasted dramatic and phenomenal success because of its ever-increasing demand throughout the world. Slide 22
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Social Networking and Staying Connected One cannot imagine a social life without Facebook or Twitter. These portals have become our means to stay connected with friends and family, and stay in touch with the latest happenings in the world. Social networking has also evolved as a great medium to connect with like-minded individuals and become a part of interesting groups and communities. Slide 23
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Apart from finding long-lost friends, the Internet also makes it easier to search and apply for jobs and business opportunities on forums and communities. There are public chat rooms where users can meet new people. For those who are single, the Internet also provides the option to select a suitable dating partner through secure online profiles, that can be filtered as per personal preferences. Slide 24
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Online Services and E-commerce Thanks to numerous monetary services, we can perform all our financial transactions online. We can book tickets for a movie, transfer funds, pay utility bills and taxes without having to leave our homes or offices. Travel websites for instance, offer quick booking schemes and plan itineraries as per the preferences of their clients. Slide 25
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet E-commerce is used for all type of business dealing that involves the transfer of money through the Internet. Online transaction of money has become the norm with almost all kinds of business. E-commerce, with its vast reach over a variety of products and services, makes it possible to have the client's orders delivered at their doorsteps. Websites such as eBay allow customers to bid, buy, sell, and even auction products online. Slide 26
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Disadvantages of the Internet Theft of Personal Information The use of Internet for banking, social networking, or other services, often makes our personal information vulnerable to theft. There are no fail-proof ways to securing names, account numbers, addresses, photos, and credit card numbers from being stolen or misused by thieving websites and individuals. Slide 27
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Unscrupulous hackers can access our sensitive information through unsecured connections by planting phishing software. Needless to say, the damage caused by having our identities misused and our accounts broken into, is often irreparable and most of all, embarrassing. Slide 28
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Spamming Spamming refers to sending unwanted e-mails, which serve no purpose and needlessly obstruct the computer system. Such illegal activities can be very frustrating as it makes it slower to access our email accounts and makes the entire service unreliable for consumers. Slide 29
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Spammers usually use bots that bombard the receiver with an endless line of advertisements. This can prove to be increasingly perplexing, as it keeps getting mixed with our more important emails. Fortunately, email service providers often have security systems in place to guard against spamming. Fortunately, it is possible to report an email as spam, so that all emails from the same email id or IP address, are blocked. Slide 30
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Malware Threats One of the most annoying problems with the Internet is the ease with which any malware can infect our computers. Internet users are often plagued by virus attacks that harm their computers and important files. Virus programs are inconspicuous and may get activated simply by clicking a seemingly harmless link. Computers connected to the Internet are extremely prone to IP targeted virus attacks that may end up crashing the system completely Slide 31
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Internet virus can be of three types. The first type of virus affects files and goes directly for a particular file or file type. The second type harms system and executable boot files. These can be particularly nasty, as they can effectively stop the computer from starting again. Lastly, there's the macro virus, which is the most common as well as the most harmless of them all. The macro virus simply keep changing things like symbols on word files. The type of virus that can replicate and spread itself is known as worms. When a virus is disguised as something else, it's known as a trojan. Slide 32
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Age-inappropriate Content Pornography and age-inappropriate content is perhaps the biggest disadvantage of the Internet. The worst being underage porn, which is largely rampant in the deeper parts of the web. It is the lack of control over the distribution and unrestricted access of pornographic material, that is detrimental to children. All that parents can do, is lock harmful sites and monitor the sites viewed by their children. Slide 33
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Pornography is not just frowned upon by most societies, it's also banned by some. The Internet makes uploading shocking content so easy, that we end up coming across inappropriate words and images, despite not wanting to. Slide 34
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Social Isolation, Obesity, and Depression The biggest problem with having the Internet is, its ability to create rifts between the real and virtual world. The virtual world can often seem so alluring that once hooked, going back to real life seems daunting. There is an addiction for everything that pertains to the web and that includes excessive surfing, online gambling, social networking, and gaming addiction. There are now psychiatric clinics and doctors that specifically cater to resolving the problems created by the Internet. These addictions create both physical as well as mental issues that can lead to health complications if left unattended. It is ironic that, while it is easy to find plenty of online support for agoraphobia, the Internet itself can be a big cause or trigger for it. Slide 35
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet The link between obesity and the Internet is rather easy to understand. The more one sits in front of the computer, the lesser one exercises. At the end of the longish list of physical and emotional maladies, is depression. Since all problems are so deeply linked with one another and with the Internet, it isn't uncommon for people to be afflicted with multiple issues. Recent studies and research have gone deep enough to actually differentiate between compulsive Internet use and excessive Internet use. Furthermore, thanks to smart phones, holding a simple face-to-face conversation seems out of the ordinary as compared to chatting online. Slide 36
The Advantages and Disadvantages of the Internet Thus, even though the Internet has the potential to make our lives simple and convenient, it also holds the power to wreak havoc. Its influence on us is mostly dictated by the choices we make while being online. With prudent use, we can manage to harness its unlimited potential and steer clear of its adverse effects. Slide 37
Topic Three MAJOR USES OF THE INTERNET Slide 38
Major Uses of the Internet Internet is today one of the most important part of our daily life. There are large numbers of things that can be done using the internet and so it is very important. You can say that with the progress in the internet we are progressing in every sphere of life as it not only makes our tasks easier but also saves a lot of time. Today internet is used for different purposes depending upon the requirement. The major uses are as follows: Slide 39
Major Uses of the Internet Communication At the moment the easiest thing that can be done using the internet is that we can communicate with the people living far away from us with extreme ease. Earlier the communication used to be a daunting task but all that changed once internet came into the life of the common people. Now people can not only chat but can also do the video conferencing. It has become extremely easy to contact the loved ones who are in some other part of the world. Communication is the most important gift that the internet has given to the common man. Email, social networking sites are some of the prime example of it. This is one such gift of the internet which is cherished by everyone and has made our life easier to much extent. Slide 40
Major Uses of the Internet There are many people who are very much interested in writing blogs and for them internet is the best place. They can not only write blogs as per their wish but can also publicize their work so that their work reaches to most of the people and they get appreciated. There is huge number of websites over the internet which allows you to write blogs. You just need to get yourself registered as per their procedure and then start writing. And if your blogs are really good and so many people visit your blog then there is chance that you might get elected to write blogs for big organizations. Blogging has reached to all new level with the help of internet and is one such use which is beneficial to everyone. Slide 41
Major Uses of the Internet Research Now the point that has been placed next is research. In order to do research you need to go through hundreds of books as well as the references and that was one of the most difficult jobs to do earlier. Since the internet came into life, everything is available just a click away. You just have to search for the concerned topic and you will get hundreds of references that may be beneficial for your research. And since internet is here to make your research public, you can then benefit a large amount of people from the research work that you have done. Research is one such thing which has got lots of benefit from this evolution of internet. Research process has now got wings and has gained the most due to the internet. Slide 42
Major Uses of the Internet Education The next point that we have in this list is education. Yes you read it right. Education is one of the best things that the internet can provide. There are a number of books, reference books, online help centers, expert s views and other study oriented material on the internet that can make the learning process very easier as well as a fun learning experience. There are lots and lots of websites which are related to different topic. You can visit them and can gain endless amount of knowledge that you wish to have. With the use of internet for education, you are non- longer dependent on some other person to come and teach you. There are various number of tutorials available over the internet using which you can learn so many thing very easily. There can t be any excellent use of the internet other than education as it is the key to achieve everything in life. Slide 43
Major Uses of the Internet Financial Transaction The next use mentioned here is financial transaction. Financial transaction is the term which is used when there is exchange of money. With the use of internet in the financial transaction, your work has become a lot easier. Now you don t need to stand in the queue at the branch of your particular bank rather you can just log in on to the bank website with the credential that has been provided to you by the bank and then can do any transaction related to finance at your will. With the ability to do the financial transaction easily over the internet you can purchase or sell items so easily. Financial transaction can be considered as one of the best uses of resource in the right direction. Slide 44
Major Uses of the Internet Shopping has now become one of the most pleasing things to do using the internet. Whenever you find time, just visit the concerned websites and order the items that you need from there. Those items will be delivered to you in best possible time. There is huge number of options available for a common people to buy or to sell any particular item using the internet. Using internet now it is possible to buy products from all over the world. Slide 45
Major Uses of the Internet Do you remember the time when the only way to book the railway tickets or bus tickets or plane tickets was to visit their centers at the designated location? That time has completely changed and today everything is available at the mouse click. This has been possible only because of the internet. Not only the online booking process is easier as well as less tedious but is also reliable. There is no need to visit the booking counters to book tickets or to contact the agents that might ask for more money in order to process your request. You can do all these things sitting at home, using internet. The booking process has simplified because of the internet and this is the best use of the resources that you have. Slide 46
Major Uses of the Internet Real Time Updates Real time updates have been placed at the number fifth position here. This has been mentioned here in regards to the news and other happenings that may be on-going in different parts of the world but with the use of internet we come to know about it very easily and without any difficulty. There are various websites on the internet which provides you with the real time updates in every field be it in business, sports, finance, politics, entertainment and others. Many a time the decisions are taken on the real time updates that are happening in various parts of the world and this is where internet is very essential and helpful. Slide 47
Major Uses of the Internet Leisure Leisure is the option that we have next in the list. Yes you heard it right. Right from watching your favorite videos to listening songs, watching movies, playing games, chatting with the loved ones has been possible due to internet. Internet has progressed with so much pace that today whenever you get time, you just move on to the internet and so such activities which helps you to relax. Leisure is one of the most important uses of internet and that has surely one thing that attracts people towards it. Internet is home of some of the excellent resources using which you can freshen up your mood in minutes. Slide 48
Major Uses of the Internet Job Search Job search is one such thing which required updates from every corner as well the patience from the person searching for it. Using internet, this has become an easier task. There are endless amount of websites on the internet that provided with the news about the vacancy in various companies. You just need to get yourself registered at these website and they will do the rest. They will not only send you the email mentioning job vacancy according to your choice but will also help you to select the best out of them. Job search is easier now, all thanks to internet else it was a nightmare earlier. Slide 49
Topic Four MANAGING SPAM Slide 50
