The Calvin Cycle in Photosynthesis
The cycle builds sugar from smaller
molecules by using ATP and the
reducing power of electrons carried by
NADPH
The Calvin cycle has three phases:
›
Carbon fixation
(catalyzed by
rubisco
)
›
Reduction
›
Regeneration of the CO
2
acceptor (RuBP)
Joining carbon from the atmosphere into
an organic compound
Rubisco combines 3 CO2 with 3 RuBP (a
5 carbon sugar) forming 3 unstable 6 C
molecules
3 Unstable 6 C split into 6 - 3 C molecules
of PGA
Use energy from ATP and NADPH to
reduce 6 PGA (6 – 3C) into 6 G3P (6 –
3C)
1 – 3C G3P leaves the cycle (eventually
is can join with another 3C G3P to form
6C Glucose
5 – 3C G3P stay in the cycle
Use ATP to convert 5 – 3C molecules
back into 3 – 5C molecules
What are the products?
›
G3P, ADP + Pi, and NADP+
How much CO
2
must be fixed to form
glucose?
›
6 CO
2
What is oxidized?
›
NADPH to NADP+
What is reduced?
›
CO
2
to G3P eventually Glucose
Review: 6CO
2
+ 6H
2
O
Light C
6
H
12
O
6
+ 6O
2
Where are the reactants used?
›
CO
2
– Calvin Cycle
›
H
2
O – Light Reactions
›
Light – Light Reactions
Where are the products produced?
›
O
2
– Light Reactions
›
C
6
H
12
O
6
– Calvin Cycle
The Calvin Cycle is a crucial part of photosynthesis where sugar is synthesized from smaller molecules using ATP and NADPH. It involves three phases: Carbon fixation, Reduction, and Regeneration of the CO2 acceptor. Steps include Carbon Fixation, Reduction, and Regeneration of RuBP. The cycle ultimately produces glucose and other important compounds essential for plant growth.
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Presentation Transcript
Photosynthesis Part 4 Pages 116 to 117
The Calvin Cycle The cycle builds sugar from smaller molecules by using ATP and the reducing power of electrons carried by NADPH The Calvin cycle has three phases: Carbon fixation (catalyzed by rubisco) Reduction Regeneration of the CO2acceptor (RuBP)
Step 1: Carbon Fixation Joining carbon from the atmosphere into an organic compound Rubisco combines 3 CO2 with 3 RuBP (a 5 carbon sugar) forming 3 unstable 6 C molecules 3 Unstable 6 C split into 6 - 3 C molecules of PGA
Step 2: Reduction Use energy from ATP and NADPH to reduce 6 PGA (6 3C) into 6 G3P (6 3C) 1 3C G3P leaves the cycle (eventually is can join with another 3C G3P to form 6C Glucose 5 3C G3P stay in the cycle
Step 3: Regeneration of RuBP Use ATP to convert 5 3C molecules back into 3 5C molecules
Calvin Cycle What are the products? G3P, ADP + Pi, and NADP+ How much CO2must be fixed to form glucose? 6 CO2 What is oxidized? NADPH to NADP+ What is reduced? CO2to G3P eventually Glucose
Review: 6CO2+ 6H2O Light C6H12O6+ 6O2 Where are the reactants used? CO2 Calvin Cycle H2O Light Reactions Light Light Reactions Where are the products produced? O2 Light Reactions C6H12O6 Calvin Cycle
