Photosynthesis: The Source of Life's Energy

 
Photosynthesis
 
Biology
Mrs. Naples
 
Energy
 
All living things need energy to thrive and
survive
We could not survive without energy
Why do we need energy?
Write down 2 examples of things we need energy
for.
_________________________
_________________________
 
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
 
Autotrophs – organisms that make their own
food
Plants
Heterotrophs – organisms that obtain energy
from the foods they consume
Humans
Catipillers
Can you think of another example?
_________________________________
 
The Sun
 
Ultimately almost all living things get their
energy from the sun.
In order to live all living things MUST release
energy in sugars and other compounds.
 
Anatomy of a Leaf
 
Cross section of a leaf
 
Anatomy of a Leaf
 
Xylem – system of tubes and transport cells that
circulate water and dissolved minerals
throughout the plant
Phloem – system of tubes that transport sugars
and other molecules created by the
plant.(dripping sap usually comes from the
phloem)
Stoma – a pore found in the epidermis of leaves
used in the exchange of gas.  Stomata release
oxygen and take in carbon dioxide.  They are
usually open during the day and closed at night.
 
Stoma
 
Stoma(also called stomata)
 
Chemical Energy
 
Living things use chemical fuels
One of the principal chemical fuels is ATP
ATP = adenosine triphosphate
ATP is made up of adenine, sugar(ribose) and
phosphate groups.
 
Chemical Energy
 
ADP – almost the same as ATP but only has 2
phosphates
 
Check for Understanding
 
What is an autotroph?
What is a heterotroph?
What is ATP?
What is ADP?
How are they alike?
How are they different?
 
What is Photosynthesis?
 
Key process identified in energy production
Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water
and carbon dioxide into high energy
carbohydrates (sugar and starch) and oxygen.
Photo – light
Synthesis – putting together
Using light to put something together
Chemo - chemical
What do you think chemosynthesis means?
 
The Photosynthesis Equation
 
Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to
convert water and carbon dioxide into high
energy sugars and oxygen.
 
Capturing the Energy
 
How do plants capture the suns light?
Plants gather the sun’s energy with light
absorbing PIGMENTS.
The plants main pigment is chlorophyll.
There are two types of chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B
 
Capturing the Energy
 
Chlorophyll A – absorbs light in blue violet and
red
Chlorophyll B absorbs light in blue and red
 
The Color Spectrum
 
Chart of the color spectrum
 
The Color Spectrum
 
All colors are always present but can not
always be seen
When we see red it is because red is being
reflected – all other colors are being absorbed.
When we see blue it is because blue is being
reflected and all other colors are being
absorbed.
What color are you reflecting? Absorbing?
 
Energy from Sunlight
 
When chloroplasts absorb light from the sun,
they are also absorb energy from the sun.
Much of this energy is transferred to electrons
in the chlorophyll molecule which raises the
energy level.
This energy in the electrons is what makes
photosynthesis work.
 
Chloroplasts
 
A chloroplast contains sac-like membranes
called thylakoids.
Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana.
Photosystems are clusters of pigment and
protein that absorb light energy.
Stroma – region outside the thylakoid
membranes.
 
Inside a Chloroplast
 
The structures within a chloroplast
 
An Overview of Photosynthesis
 
 
An Overview of Photosynthesis
 
There are two stages of photosynthesis.
The Calvin cycle which does not require light.
The light dependent reactions which require
light.
 
Light Dependent Reactions
 
Light dependent reactions use energy from
sunlight to produce ATP, NADPH and Oxygen
Takes place within the thylakoid membrane of
chloroplasts
 
Calvin Cycle
 
Takes carbon dioxide, ATP and NADPH and
creates sugar
Takes place in the stroma.
Does not require sunlight.
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In the world of biology, photosynthesis is a crucial process that enables plants to harness the energy of sunlight and convert water and carbon dioxide into essential high-energy carbohydrates. This process is essential for sustaining life on Earth, as all living organisms, including humans, rely on the energy released through photosynthesis to thrive and survive. Through a series of interconnected steps and structures within plants, such as the leaf anatomy and the chemical energy of ATP, the intricate web of energy production and consumption in nature becomes clear. Understanding the significance of photosynthesis sheds light on the fundamental connection between all living things and the energy that sustains them.

  • Photosynthesis
  • Biology
  • Energy
  • Autotrophs
  • Sunlight

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  1. Photosynthesis Biology Mrs. Naples

  2. Energy All living things need energy to thrive and survive We could not survive without energy Why do we need energy? Write down 2 examples of things we need energy for. _________________________ _________________________

  3. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs Autotrophs organisms that make their own food Plants Heterotrophs organisms that obtain energy from the foods they consume Humans Catipillers Can you think of another example? _________________________________

  4. The Sun Ultimately almost all living things get their energy from the sun. In order to live all living things MUST release energy in sugars and other compounds.

  5. Anatomy of a Leaf Cross section of a leaf

  6. Anatomy of a Leaf Xylem system of tubes and transport cells that circulate water and dissolved minerals throughout the plant Phloem system of tubes that transport sugars and other molecules created by the plant.(dripping sap usually comes from the phloem) Stoma a pore found in the epidermis of leaves used in the exchange of gas. Stomata release oxygen and take in carbon dioxide. They are usually open during the day and closed at night.

  7. Stoma Stoma(also called stomata)

  8. Chemical Energy Living things use chemical fuels One of the principal chemical fuels is ATP ATP = adenosine triphosphate ATP is made up of adenine, sugar(ribose) and phosphate groups.

  9. Chemical Energy ADP almost the same as ATP but only has 2 phosphates

  10. Check for Understanding What is an autotroph? What is a heterotroph? What is ATP? What is ADP? How are they alike? How are they different?

  11. What is Photosynthesis? Key process identified in energy production Plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy carbohydrates (sugar and starch) and oxygen. Photo light Synthesis putting together Using light to put something together Chemo - chemical What do you think chemosynthesis means?

  12. The Photosynthesis Equation Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high energy sugars and oxygen.

  13. Capturing the Energy How do plants capture the suns light? Plants gather the sun s energy with light absorbing PIGMENTS. The plants main pigment is chlorophyll. There are two types of chlorophyll. Chlorophyll A Chlorophyll B

  14. Capturing the Energy Chlorophyll A absorbs light in blue violet and red Chlorophyll B absorbs light in blue and red

  15. The Color Spectrum Chart of the color spectrum

  16. The Color Spectrum All colors are always present but can not always be seen When we see red it is because red is being reflected all other colors are being absorbed. When we see blue it is because blue is being reflected and all other colors are being absorbed. What color are you reflecting? Absorbing?

  17. Energy from Sunlight When chloroplasts absorb light from the sun, they are also absorb energy from the sun. Much of this energy is transferred to electrons in the chlorophyll molecule which raises the energy level. This energy in the electrons is what makes photosynthesis work.

  18. Chloroplasts A chloroplast contains sac-like membranes called thylakoids. Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called grana. Photosystems are clusters of pigment and protein that absorb light energy. Stroma region outside the thylakoid membranes.

  19. Inside a Chloroplast The structures within a chloroplast

  20. An Overview of Photosynthesis

  21. An Overview of Photosynthesis There are two stages of photosynthesis. The Calvin cycle which does not require light. The light dependent reactions which require light.

  22. Light Dependent Reactions Light dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to produce ATP, NADPH and Oxygen Takes place within the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts

  23. Calvin Cycle Takes carbon dioxide, ATP and NADPH and creates sugar Takes place in the stroma. Does not require sunlight.

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