Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Carbide Nanofibers using Modified Carbothermal Reduction Process

Titanium carbide nanofibers were synthesized and characterized using a modified carbothermal reduction process. The process involved the use of ethanol/methanol mixture, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, HNO3, and titanium isopropoxide. Various techniques were employed to achieve the desired nanofiber morphology and structure. Past work in the field of electrospinning and carbothermal carbon sources was also referenced. The synthesis process included steps such as carbon coating, propylene cracking, and heat treatments in controlled atmospheres. The resulting TiC nanofibers exhibited unique properties suitable for diverse applications.

• Titanium carbide
• Nanofibers
• Synthesis
• Characterization
• Carbothermal reduction

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1. Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Carbide Nanofibers Using a Modified Carbothermal Reduction Process Kanchan Mondal, Chung Ying Tsai Mechanical Engineering and Energy Processes Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, USA Materials Congress 2017 Rome, Italy June 12-14th, 2016

2. Background Carbothermal Process for TiC and TiB2 Powder Synthesis

3. Going Nano

4. Some Past Work Electrospinning and Carbothermal Carbon Source - Furfural Alcohol Zhang et al, Nanoscale, 2010, 2, 1670 1673 Taguchi et al, J. Phys. Chem. C, 2007, 111 In molten salts On nanoporous cotton fiber Li et al, C A R B ON , 2008, 4 6, 3 0 5 3 0 9 Li et al Cryst. Growth Des. 2011, 11, 3122 3129 Tao et al, Cryst. Growth Des. 2011, 11, 4422 4426

5. TiC Nanofibers Synthesis Ethanol/methanol mixture Polyvinyl- pyrrolidone HNO3 Titanium isopropoxide + + - - S y rin g e P u m p S y rin g e P u m p H ig h V o lta g e P o w e r S u p p ly 0 6 0 k V 6 o r 1 0 W 6 o r 1 0 W H ig h V o lta g e P o w e r S u p p ly 0 6 0 k V C o lle c to r C o lle c to r P la te o r ro ta tin g d is c P la te o r ro ta tin g d is c

6. TiC Nanofibers Synthesis TiO2 nanofiber As-spun Titanium fibers Polypropylene Carbon Black Powder/ Evaporarted C 600 C 50 psi Carbon Coated TiO2 nanofibers Heat Treatment 1300- 1500 C 1-4 Hrs Argon Atmosphere

7. 1 D nano TiC Carbon Coating by Propylene Cracking

8. 1 D nano TiC Carbon Coating by Evaporated Carbon

9. TiC Nanofibers As Spun Fibers Contained in Cellulose Paper

10. c a b Direct 1500 C 350C Then 1500 C 2 m 2 m As Spun 2 m e d f 500C Then 1400 C d) With 6hrs at With Cellulose paper 1400 C 400nm 400nm 400nm With Cellulose paper g 50nm

11. f e d c b

12. (111) 15-29nm 2.50 111 200 220 311 Interplanar spacing of 2.50

13. Titanium Carbide Fibers C B Lattice Parameter- 4.330 A B C Low Cost of Production Metallic Conductivity Pure TiC fibers Improved TiB2 sintering properties 10 % doping gave 97% theoretical density vs 94 % of pure TiB2 100- 200 nm diameter L/D >50

14. Electrical and Electrochemical Properties 193 F/g

15. Conclusions Combination of two key factors contributed to the successful production of the continuous smooth TiC nanofiber with high purity: (1) Fine-tuned heat treatment parameter, and (2) External supply of carbon through pyrolysis of cellulose.. The TiC nanofibers exhibited a smooth surface morphology Length of the nanofibers were in the centimeter range, which makes the fibers suitable for a wide variety of applications Length of the nanofibers were in the centimeter range, which makes the fibers suitable for a wide variety of applications TiC nanofiber showed metallic behaviour TiC nanofiber matrix can be used as EDLC