Structural Determination of Tropine, Atropine, and Tropic Acid

Structural determination of compounds such as Tropine, Atropine, and Tropic Acid involves various tests and synthesis methods. Ester linkages, functional groups, and compound structures are analyzed through experiments like the Muller and Wislicenus synthesis. Different proposals and confirmations regarding the nature of nitrogen, carbon groups, and heterocycles are discussed. The process includes oxidation studies, derivatization, and degradation experiments to accurately determine the structures of these organic compounds.

• Structural Determination
• Tropine
• Atropine
• Tropic Acid
• Synthesis

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1. Atropine

2. Structure determination of Atropine DBEs = 7 Nature of linkage could be amide or ester!!! Since the nature of nitogen in Tropine was found as tertiary, so there should be an ester linkage.

3. Structure determination of Tropic acid Functional group test: DBEs = 5 Presence and number of COOH group: Present, 1 number Presence and number of OH group: Present, 1 number Nature of OH group : Primary

4. Structure determination of Tropic acid Atropic acid was formed by the dehydration of Tropic acid, so the structure of Tropic acid could be either II or IV. Structure IV was confirmed as Tropic acid.

5. Synthesis of Tropic acid Muller and Wislicenus synthesis

6. Structure determination of Tropine DBEs = 2 FG test: Nature of nitrogen- tertiary, N-CH3 group present -OH group present, nature of OH- secondary alcohol Ladenburg Based on these observations Ladenburg proposed following two structures of Tropine but both were incorrect as Tropine do not add on the bromine.

7. Structure determination of Tropine Merling Oxidation (degradation) studies Tropinic acid and Tropine have same number carbons so Merling suggested that -OH group must be present on a ring and he proposed following two saturated structures of Tropine. Willstatter Reinvestigated the oxidation of Tropine Isolation of Tropinone (a ketone) confirmed the nature of OH as secondary. Isolation of N-methylesuccinimide confirmed the presence of 5-membered heterocycle. N-atom must be common to both piperidine (6-memb) as well as pyrrolidine (5-memb) ring since there is only one N-atom in Tropine.

8. Structure determination of Tropine Willstatter Derivatization of Tropinone confirmed the presence of CH2-CO-CH2- moiety in Tropine. Based on these observations he modified Merlings structure and proposed folloing structure which was found correct by further degradation studies.

9. Reactions of Tropine

10. Synthesis of Tropine Robinson s synthesis Single step synthesis

11. Preparation of Atropine

12. Stereochemistry of Tropine Fodor s stereochemistry of Tropine: Proposed boat conformer of Tropine moiety in Atropine Bose s stereochemistry of Tropine: Proposed chair conformer of Tropine moiety in Atropine