RNA and Protein Synthesis Processes

 
RNA
 
 
 
Gene
 – section of DNA that are coded
instructions for the cell
 
The instructions are to make proteins, which
in turn run and carry out processes in the cell
 
RNA is needed to help carry out the code.
 
 
RNA is made of nucleotides like DNA. There are a
few differences….
 
5 carbon sugar – 
ribose (instead of deoxyribose)
Phosphate group
Nitrogen base-  NO THYMINE (T)
                               instead is 
uracil (U
)
                                 A-U
 
 
o
 
 
RNA is a 
single strand
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
What is wrong with this pic?
 There are 3 Types of RNA
 
mRNA- messenger RNA
 copies code of DNA and delivers it
 
rRNA- ribosomal RNA
  part of ribosome
 
tRNA- transfer RNA
   carries amino acid coded for to build protein
 
 
n
Protein Synthesis
 
For DNA to create a protein  there are 2 major
steps:
 
1. 
Transcription
 
2. 
Translation
TRANSCRIPTION
 
DNA is copied into mRNA in the nucleus
 
(*DNA NEVER leaves the nucleus)
 
mRNA carries the code outside the nucleus to
the ribosome to be read
TRANSLATION
 
mRNA is read by the ribosome—in the
cytoplasm!
 
The code “calls” for specific amino acids to
join to create a protein
 
Amino acids brought into place by tRNA
 
 
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RNA plays a crucial role in protein synthesis as it carries coded instructions from DNA. There are three types of RNA - mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA, each serving specific functions in the process. The steps of protein synthesis involve transcription, where DNA is copied into mRNA, and translation, where mRNA is read by ribosomes to create proteins using amino acids delivered by tRNA.

  • RNA
  • Protein Synthesis
  • mRNA
  • Transcription
  • Translation

Uploaded on Sep 27, 2024 | 0 Views


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Presentation Transcript


  1. RNA

  2. Gene section of DNA that are coded instructions for the cell The instructions are to make proteins, which in turn run and carry out processes in the cell RNA is needed to help carry out the code.

  3. RNA is made of nucleotides like DNA. There are a few differences . 5 carbon sugar ribose (instead of deoxyribose) Phosphate group Nitrogen base- NO THYMINE (T) instead is uracil (U) A-U

  4. o

  5. RNA is a single strand What is wrong with this pic?

  6. There are 3 Types of RNA mRNA- messenger RNA copies code of DNA and delivers it rRNA- ribosomal RNA part of ribosome tRNA- transfer RNA carries amino acid coded for to build protein

  7. n

  8. Protein Synthesis For DNA to create a protein there are 2 major steps: 1. Transcription 2. Translation

  9. TRANSCRIPTION DNA is copied into mRNA in the nucleus (*DNA NEVER leaves the nucleus) mRNA carries the code outside the nucleus to the ribosome to be read

  10. TRANSLATION mRNA is read by the ribosome in the cytoplasm! The code calls for specific amino acids to join to create a protein Amino acids brought into place by tRNA

  11. j

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