Rickettsia: Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Diagnosis
Rickettsia
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06/11/2020
Rickettsia
The term "rickettsia" has nothing to do with rickets (which is a
deficiency disease resulting from lack of vitamin D); the bacterial
genus Rickettsia was named after Howard Taylor Ricketts, in honor of
his pioneering work on tick-borne spotted fever.
Rickettsia
species are transmitted by numerous types of
arthropod
,
including
chigger
,
ticks
,
fleas
, and
lice
, and are associated with human
animal and plant diseases.
Most notably,
Rickettsia
species are the pathogens responsible
for
typhus
,
rickettsialpox
,
boutonneuse fever
,
African tick-bite
fever
,
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
,
Flinders Island spotted fever
,
and
Queensland tick typhus
(
Australian tick
typhus
).
The majority of
Rickettsia
bacteria are susceptible to
antibiotics
of
the
tetracycline
group.
1.
Obligate intracellular parasite
2.
Gram negative pleomorphic rods
3.
Parasite of arthropods – fleas, lice, ticks and mites.
4.
No Human to human transmission.
5.
Rickettsia inside the host cell TICK ,FLEA, LICE ,MITE
Rickettsial species and its disease
Epidemic typhus, Brill-Zinsser disease – Human body louse
R. typhi – Endemic typhus – Rat flea
R. rickettsii
Rocky-Mountain spotted fever - Ticks
R. conori – Boutonneuse fever - Ticks
R. australis – Australian tick typhus - Ticks
R. siberica – Siberian tick typhus - Ticks
R. akari – Rickettsial pox - Mites
Pathogenesis and Clinical manifestations of Rickettsia rickettsii.
Human gets infected when infected adult tick inoculates Rickettsia
rickettsii into the skin while taking a blood meal. Rocky Mountain
spotted fever is a potentially lethal, but usually curable tick borne
disease, and common rickettsial infection
.
Severe headache
Chills
Generalised myalgia
High fever ( 39-41 0 C)
Vomiting
Macular rash after 4-7 days – first on trunk and spreads to limb. Lacks
consciousness.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
Isolation from experimental animals
Serology: Specimens
Blood – collected in febrile illness
ISOLATION Blood is inoculated in guinea pigs/mice.
Observed on 3 rd – 4 th week. Animal responds to different rickettsial species
can vary
Symptoms:
Rise in temperature – all species.
Scrotal inflammation,
swelling,necrosis – R.typhi, R.conori, R.akari ( except R.prowazekii) serology
Reliable test to confirm rickettsial diseases.
Antibody detection by Weil-felix test Antigen detection by IFA
Heterophile agglutination test using
Vector control
Live vaccine & killed vaccine are available but
not much effective
Ticks
Mites
lice
fleas
Rickettsia, a genus of Gram-negative bacteria transmitted by arthropods, is responsible for diseases like Rocky Mountain spotted fever. It causes symptoms such as high fever, rash, and severe headache. Laboratory diagnosis involves serology and isolation from experimental animals. Learn more about Rickettsia's characteristics, disease manifestations, and diagnostic methods.
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Presentation Transcript
06/11/2020 Rickettsia DR. SUDHA KUMARI DR. SUDHA KUMARI Assistant Proffecer Assistant Proffecer Department of Veterinary Microbiology Department of Veterinary Microbiology Bihar Veterinary College Bihar Veterinary College Unit Unit II II VMC VMC- -602 602
Rickettsia The term "rickettsia" has nothing to do with rickets (which is a deficiency disease resulting from lack of vitamin D); the bacterial genus Rickettsia was named after Howard Taylor Ricketts, in honor of his pioneering work on tick-borne spotted fever. Rickettsia species are transmitted by numerous types of arthropod, including chigger, ticks, fleas, and lice, and are associated with human animal and plant diseases. Most notably, Rickettsia species are the pathogens responsible for typhus, rickettsialpox, boutonneuse fever,African tick-bite fever, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Flinders Island spotted fever, and Queensland tick typhus (Australian tick typhus). The majority of Rickettsia bacteria are susceptible to antibiotics of the tetracycline group.
1.Obligate intracellular parasite 2.Gram negative pleomorphic rods 3.Parasite of arthropods fleas, lice, ticks and mites. 4.No Human to human transmission. 5.Rickettsia inside the host cell TICK ,FLEA, LICE ,MITE Rickettsial species and its disease Epidemic typhus, Brill-Zinsser disease Human body louse R. typhi Endemic typhus Rat flea R. rickettsii
Rocky-Mountain spotted fever - Ticks R. conori Boutonneuse fever - Ticks R. australis Australian tick typhus - Ticks R. siberica Siberian tick typhus - Ticks R. akari Rickettsial pox - Mites
Pathogenesis and Clinical manifestations of Rickettsia rickettsii. Human gets infected when infected adult tick inoculates Rickettsia rickettsii into the skin while taking a blood meal. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is a potentially lethal, but usually curable tick borne disease, and common rickettsial infection. Severe headache Chills Generalised myalgia High fever ( 39-41 0 C) Vomiting Macular rash after 4-7 days first on trunk and spreads to limb. Lacks consciousness.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS Isolation from experimental animals Serology: Specimens Blood collected in febrile illness ISOLATION Blood is inoculated in guinea pigs/mice. Observed on 3 rd 4 th week. Animal responds to different rickettsial species can vary Symptoms: Rise in temperature all species. Scrotal inflammation, swelling,necrosis R.typhi, R.conori, R.akari ( except R.prowazekii) serology Reliable test to confirm rickettsial diseases. Antibody detection by Weil-felix test Antigen detection by IFA Heterophile agglutination test using
Vector control Live vaccine & killed vaccine are available but not much effective Mites lice Ticks fleas
