Perspectives on Integrating Islamic Science and Modern Science
By
:
Dr. Ahmad Zainuri
Lecturer at the Faculty of
Tarbiyah
Teacher Training
UIN Raden Fatah Palembang
UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN)
RADEN FATAH
PALEMBANG
2020
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
PRELIMINARY
The dichotomy debate (modern science and
Islamic science) is still a crucial problem among
Muslim scholars. Islamic science is understood as
science based on revelation, the hadith of the
Prophet and the ijtihad of the scholars.
Meanwhile, modern science is a science-based on
experimentation and human reasoning, based on
empirical data through research. The two
sciences have their respective areas separate
from one another, both in terms of formal-
material objects, research methods, criteria for
truth, and the roles they play.
PRELIMINARY
There are ideas among Muslim scientists to
integrate the two sciences through the
Islamization of science or the integration of
science to neutralize modern Western
science's influence. This idea was initiated by
Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and Isma'il
Raj'i al-Faruqi.
PRELIMINARY
1.
A
l-Attas. The knowledge that has spread to the
middle of the world community, including the
Islamic community, has been colored by Western
cultural and civilization features. Meanwhile,
Western civilization itself has given rise to
confusion. Civilization born from Western
knowledge has lost its essence, causing chaos in
human life. Therefore al-Attas views that Western
civilization is not suitable for consumption before
being selected and sorted, the true from the
mixed with falsehood.
2.
A
l-Faruqi. The Islamization of knowledge must
observe a number of principles which are the
essence of Islam. To regain discipline under the
framework of Islam means making theories,
methods, principles and goals that are subject to
the oneness of Allah, the unity of the universe,
the unity of truth and knowledge, the unity of life
and the unity of mankind. According to al-Faruqi,
Western civilization and westernization have had
negative effects on Muslims. On the one hand,
Muslims have become acquainted with modern
Western civilization, but on the other hand they
have lost their solid ground, namely a way of life
that is rooted in religious morals.
Imam al-Ghazali, in the book
Jawahir al-Qur'an and Ihya 'Ulm
al-Din, said that the concept of
man according to the Qur'an is
composed of material and
immaterial elements or physical
and spiritual. However, he
emphasized the meaning and
nature of human events in his
spiritual or soul.
Nature and
Human
Potential
M. Yasir Nasution's research on
the concept of man according to
al-Ghazali, concluded; "The
essence of man is a soul called
al-
qalb, al-ruh, al-nafs
, and
al-'aql,
namely immaterial substances
that stand alone, originating from
the realm of
al-amr
, have no
place, have the ability to know
and to move, has the nature of
being eternal and created (not
qadim
)".
Nature and
Human
Potential
But in another opinion, Ali Issa
Othman said that in al-
Ghazali's view, the thing that
distinguishes humans from
other creatures is the nature of
their spirits, which are equated
with humans' essence.
Nature and
Human
Potential
Humans have various potentials,
including tawhid (religious fitrah),
reason, heart (qalb), and body.
Apart from this positive potential,
there is also a negative potential in
humans, which is a human
weakness, such as the potential to
fall into the temptation of lust and
demons. Therefore, humans are said
to be paradoxical creatures. That is,
they tend toward both good and
bad.
Nature and
Human
Potential
PARADIGM OF
SCIENCE - MODERN
TECHNOLOGY
•
The modern science-technology
paradigm is value-free
•
Modern science-technologies are
born and developed in the context of
specific values, paradigms and
civilizations
•
The philosophical paradigm of
Modern Science-technology is the
ideology of liberalism-capitalism and
secular-materialistic materialism
Science-Technology
and Islamic
Education:The
importance of
scientific paradigm
integration
•
al-Qur'an and hadith are the grand theories for
modern science-technology.
•
The principle of integration of modern science-
technology in Islamic teachings should be
following the concept of human nature as the
subject and object of Islamic education as the
noblest and best creatures of Allah who have
been equipped with a set of potentials. Humans
have various potentials, including tawhid
(religious fitrah), reason, heart (qalb), and body.
•
Islamic education's primary objective must be in
line to create humans as the caliph of Allah SWT
on earth to carry out Allah's laws legally and
prosper the universe.
•
Bring forth humans who do not have a split
personality in society
Conclusion
1.
In essence, humans are formed from a series of two
substances, namely, the material component (the body
that comes from the heart of the earth), and the
immaterial component (the spirit that Allah SWT
"blew"). The essence of man is the spirit as he is himself.
Humans have been equipped with a set of potentials,
namely, the potential of tauhid (religious fitrah), mind,
heart (qalb), and body. Apart from this positive
potential, there is also a negative potential in humans,
which is a human weakness, such as the potential to fall
into the temptation of lust and demons. Therefore,
humans are said to be paradoxical creatures. That is,
they have a tendency towards direction and evil at the
same time.
2.
The goal of a human being is to become the caliph of
Allah SWT on earth. To be in line with the created goals,
the concept of modern science-technology is not
dichotomized so that humans do not have split
personalities in society. Realizing this truth, it is
necessary to integrate modern science-technology with
Islamic teaching values.
The dichotomy debate between modern science and Islamic science is a crucial issue among Muslim scholars, with efforts being made to integrate the two through concepts like Islamization of science. Scholars like Al-Attas and Al-Faruqi emphasize the need to reconcile Western influences while preserving Islamic principles. Additionally, Imam al-Ghazali's insights on the holistic nature of human existence further illuminate this discussion.
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE By: Dr. Ahmad Zainuri Lecturer at the Faculty of Tarbiyah Teacher Training UIN Raden Fatah Palembang UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI (UIN) RADEN FATAHPALEMBANG 2020
The dichotomy debate (modern science and Islamic science) is still a crucial problem among Muslim scholars. Islamic science is understood as science based on revelation, the hadith of the Prophet and the ijtihad Meanwhile, modern science is a science-based on experimentation and human reasoning, based on empirical data through sciences have their respective areas separate from one another, both in terms of formal- material objects, research methods, criteria for truth, and the roles they play. of the scholars. PRELIMINARY research. The two
There are ideas among Muslim scientists to integrate the two sciences through the Islamization of science or the integration of PRELIMINARY science to neutralize modern Western science's influence. This idea was initiated by Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas and Isma'il Raj'i al-Faruqi.
1. Al-Attas. The knowledge that has spread to the middle of the world community, including the Islamic community, has been colored by Western cultural and civilization features. Meanwhile, Western civilization itself has given rise to confusion. Civilization born from Western knowledge has lost its essence, causing chaos in human life. Therefore al-Attas views that Western civilization is not suitable for consumption before being selected and sorted, the true from the mixed with falsehood. PRELIMINARY 2. Al-Faruqi. The Islamization of knowledge must observe a number of principles which are the essence of Islam. To regain discipline under the framework of Islam means making theories, methods, principles and goals that are subject to the oneness of Allah, the unity of the universe, the unity of truth and knowledge, the unity of life and the unity of mankind. According to al-Faruqi, Western civilization and westernization have had negative effects on Muslims. On the one hand, Muslims have become acquainted with modern Western civilization, but on the other hand they have lost their solid ground, namely a way of life that is rooted in religious morals.
Imam al-Ghazali, in the book Jawahir al-Qur'an and Ihya 'Ulm al-Din, said that the concept of man according to the Qur'an is composed of material and immaterial elements or physical and spiritual. However, he emphasized the meaning and nature of human events in his spiritual or soul. Nature and Human Potential
M. Yasir Nasution's research on the concept of man according to al-Ghazali, concluded; "The essence of man is a soul called al- qalb, al-ruh, al-nafs, and al-'aql, namely immaterial substances that stand alone, originating from the realm of al-amr, have no place, have the ability to know and to move, has the nature of being eternal and created (not qadim)". Nature and Human Potential
But in another opinion, Ali Issa Othman said Ghazali's view, the thing that distinguishes other creatures is the nature of their spirits, which are equated with humans' essence. that in al- Nature and Human Potential humans from
Humans have various potentials, including tawhid (religious fitrah), reason, heart (qalb), and body. Apart from this positive potential, there is also a negative potential in humans, which weakness, such as the potential to fall into the temptation of lust and demons. Therefore, humans are said to be paradoxical creatures. That is, they tend toward both good and bad. Nature and Human Potential is a human
The paradigm is value-free Modern born and developed in the context of specific values, civilizations The philosophical Modern Science-technology is the ideology of liberalism-capitalism and secular-materialistic materialism modern science-technology science-technologies are PARADIGM OF SCIENCE - MODERN TECHNOLOGY paradigms and paradigm of
al-Qur'an and hadith are the grand theories for modern science-technology. The principle of integration of modern science- technology in Islamic teachings should be following the concept of human nature as the subject and object of Islamic education as the noblest and best creatures of Allah who have been equipped with a set of potentials. Humans have various potentials, (religious fitrah), reason, heart (qalb), and body. Science-Technology and Islamic Education:The importance of scientific paradigm integration including tawhid Islamic education's primary objective must be in line to create humans as the caliph of Allah SWT on earth to carry out Allah's laws legally and prosper the universe. Bring forth humans who do not have a split personality in society
1. In essence, humans are formed from a series of two substances, namely, the material component (the body that comes from the heart of the earth), and the immaterial component (the spirit that Allah SWT "blew"). The essence of man is the spirit as he is himself. Humans have been equipped with a set of potentials, namely, the potential of tauhid (religious fitrah), mind, heart (qalb), and body. Apart from this positive potential, there is also a negative potential in humans, which is a human weakness, such as the potential to fall into the temptation of lust and demons. Therefore, humans are said to be paradoxical creatures. That is, they have a tendency towards direction and evil at the same time. Conclusion 2. The goal of a human being is to become the caliph of Allah SWT on earth. To be in line with the created goals, the concept of modern science-technology is not dichotomized so that humans do not have split personalities in society. Realizing this truth, it is necessary to integrate modern science-technology with Islamic teaching values.
