Overview of Mining Law Amendment in Myanmar by Zaw Win, Retired Director from Dept. of Mines

The amendment to Myanmar's Mines Law in 2015 brought changes in definitions, permits, investments, regional committees, taxes, and duties. The merger of Ministries of Mines and Environmental Conservation into Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation signaled continuity in the mining industry. The amendment focused on streamlining regulations and ensuring environmental obligations in the mining sector.

• Mining Law Amendment
• Myanmar
• Zaw Win
• Department of Mines
• Regulations

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1. Mining Law Amendment in Myanmar Zaw win Director (Retired, Dept of Mines)

2. Contents 1. Myanmar Mines Law 1994 2. Rationale for amendment 3.Definitions 4. Types of Permits 5. Types of Investments 6. Regional Committees 7. Taxes and Duties 8. Transparency 9. Environmental Obligations 10.Way Forward 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 2

3. Ministry Reorg Reorganization of Ministries under the new government . Ministry of Mines and Ministry of Environmental Conservation and Forestry are being merged to form a new ministry named Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation Matters relating to mining industry not likely to change. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 3

4. Myanmar Mines Law 1994 Promulgated in 6 September 1994 Rules stipulated in 30 December 1996 Adoption of Market Oriented Economy Myanmar Gemstone Law also promulgated in 1995 followed by Rules in 1995 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 4

5. . Rationale for amendment Minerals- Gemstones administered under different law. Types of Permits- corresponding to type of business activity Regional Authorities- Authority delegation for some type s of permits 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 5

6. The Law Amending Myanmar Mines Law The law amending the Myanmar Mines Law was promulgated on 24 December 2015. The Regulation for implementation of the law still in process. Amendments to be in force after the stipulation of Regulations accordingly 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 6

7. Definitions (1/2) Amendment with regard to Definitions :- (1)Definition of Gemstones is deleted in the Amendment in order not t o repeat with Myanmar Gemstones Law/ (2)Definition of Permit covers newly prescribed types of permits for Feasibility Study , Mneral Processing , and Marketing which will be permitted on their own nature of activity 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 7

8. Definitions (2/2) (3)New category of production permit for Medium Scale Production prescribed. (4)More precise language used for terms such as permit exploration , feasibility study , 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 8

9. Types of Permits Type of Permit corresponding to Size of Mine, Nature of business activity Opportunities for Foreign Investment -Types of Activities 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 9

10. Types of Permits (1/5) Types of Permits before Amendment Prospecting Exploration Small Scale Production Large Scale Production Subsistence Production Integrated Permits Types of Permits after Amendment Prospecting Exploration Small Scale Production Medium Scale Production Large Scale Production Subsistence Production Processing Marketing Integrated Permits 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 10

11. Types of Production Permits (2/5) Section 11 of Amended MML prescribes that the classification of size of mine as to large or medium or small shall be defined by the Ministry depending on ;- Life of Mine project Area covered by the mine Project Amount of Capital invested Machinery and Equipment used 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 11

12. Types of Permits (3/5) Large Scale Production permit Significantly economic Deposit, Heavy Investment, Complex T echnology, 15-50 years of mine life Medium Scale Production Permit Economic deposit, medium investment, not so complex technology, up to 15 years of mine life 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 12

13. Types of Permits (4/5) Small Scale Production Permit Low investment, up to 10 years of mine life Subsistence Permit Mostly hand tools, limited horse-power permitted for only one year 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 13

14. Types of Permits (4/5) Mineral Processing Permit Doing processing techniques to upgrade the quality or value of the mineral from low condition to higher condition Mineral Marketing Selling , purchasing, transport and storage of produced minerals 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 14

15. Regional Committees (1/2) Drafting of Regulations still in process Regional Committees shall be established with the approval of the Union Government for scrutinizing and issuing permits for small scale , subsistence, mineral processing and marketing of metallic minerals, industrial minerals and rocks in the respective regions/states. Amendments to be in force after stipulation of Regulations 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 15

16. Regional Committees (2/2) .Persons desirous of applying Small scale mineral production, Subsistence production, processing and marketing of metallic minerals industrial minerals and rocks shall submit their application to Regional Committees for scrutinizing and issuing Mineral Permits in accordance with the Regulations. Medium and Large scale permits only by Union Ministry. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 16

17. Types of Investments Ministry with the approval of the Government can issue Large Scale Production Permits for Foreign Investment Medium Scale and small scale reserved for local investment Local invested Medium Scale and Small Scale projects which are economically viable to be promoted to large mines can invite foreign investors to get Large Scale Production Permits with the approval of the Ministry. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 17

18. Mineral Production Contracts in current practice in Myanmar A number of mineral agreements have been signed between enterprises/departments under the Ministry of Mines and foreign companies after Market Oriented economic system was adopted in Myanmar in 1988. respective 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 18

19. Contents of Agreements (1/5) Essential terms according to Laws include;- Dead Rent, Royalty, Taxes and Dues Terms to be proposed by the Company and be negotiated between parties include;- Signature bonus, Performance bank guarantee The terms of PBG must be in strict compliance with those of the main Agreement . 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 19

20. Contents of Agreements (2/5.) Along with the standard clauses for legal matters, detail technical terms and condition of work program for Prospecting, Exploration, Feasibility Study, Development stages are mentioned. Rights and obligations of both parties regarding, reporting material importation, immigration, mandatory appointment of Myanmar nationals, and.. the company s representatives to abide the laws of Myanmar, are stipulated. The department/ enterprise are mainly responsible for acquiring all essential governmental approvals for efficient execution of works., 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 20

21. Contents of Agreements (3/5) Assistance by respective government enterprise for doing air-borne geophysical, geochemical methods as and when needed , draw back of equipments such as drilling rigs, use of telecommunication equipment, etc are common terms generally included agreements Banking and currency rights, use of expatriates , use of sub-contractors, environment, etc are significant terms in the agreements. in exploration Protection of 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 21

22. Contents of Agreements (4/5) Settlement of disputes initially by amicable solutions and to be carried on only after no settlement resulted. Myanmar is now referring internationally accepted regulations such as UNCITRAL Rules . Generally accepted accounting principles are to be applied in all financial matters. The essential maps, time schedules, and other relevant appendices such as production split ratios etc are attached as the integral part of the Agreement. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 22

23. Contents of Agreements (5/5.) The split ratio to be shared between parties in the production sharing negotiable and to be agreed between parties. The determination of the split ratio always based on win-win situation. contracts are 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 23

24. Taxes and Duties Dead Rent- to be paid at a specified rate on the land surface area occupied Royalty- to be paid on the proceeds of sale of mineral produced Production Sharing Ratio- to be paid depending on the terms and condition of the Production Sharing Contract. Corporate income Tax to be paid on the taxable income in accordance with the Tax Law 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 24

25. Transparency Myanmar submitted first EITI Country Report to EITI Head Office in January 2016. The second report to be submitted in January 2017. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 25

26. Transparency Mining operations enlisted to be qualified for prescribed threshold amount of revenue will be subjected to EITI standards whereas other small mines are considered under different norms. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 26

27. Environmental Obligation Myanmar Environmental Conservation Law promulgated on 30 March 2012 followed by Rules on 5 June 2014. All types of mining activities will be subjected to respective categories of environmental impact assessment procedures. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 27

28. Environmental Obligation Obligation for reservation of Funds for environment management expenses and mine closure expenses will be observed 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 28

29. Way Forward (1/2) The Environmental Conservation Law was promulgated on 30 March 2012 providing terms for sustainable development in the mining sector. The Foreign Investment Law was promulgated on 2 November 2012 providing conducive terms for foreign investors. Yangon Stock Exchange kicked off on 25March2016 paving the way for capital market. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 29

30. Way Forward (2/2) Myanmar is on the way to become a member of EITI countries providing assurance for investors in terms of transparency and accountability promoting the share holder confidence. Opportunities on down stream products and Research and Development in the mineral industry Geographically in a strategic location for marketing of mineral based commodities. 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 30

31. Conclusion With the wealth of mineral resources yet to be exploited across the country, Myanmar mineral industry will find its way for larger share in national GDP 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 31

32. Thanks for your Kind Attention Mining Engineer Zaw win Director (Retired,) Department of Mines) Email: zinyawgyi@ gmail.com Mobile: 095036447 5/15/2016 law amendment presentation BKK May25 32