Ohio Labor Market Trends: 2020-2021 Analysis
Ohio's labor market saw fluctuations in payroll employment and unemployment rates from 2020 to 2021 as it recovered partially from the pandemic-induced decline. Despite trailing the national pace in recent years, Ohio exhibited a 4.5% decline in employment from its peak in 2000. The state's unemployment rate declined from 8.2% in 2020 to 5.1% in 2021, reflecting trends similar to the U.S. Ohio ranks high in labor market size compared to neighboring states but remains middling in unemployment rate. Service occupations continued to dominate employment shares in 2021, reflecting sustained growth in the sector over the past decade.
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Ohio Labor Market Legislative Budget Office lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov
Ohio and U.S. payroll employment partially recover in 2021 from Covid-19-induced decline Ohio and United States Employment Growth Rates 4% 2% 0% -2% -4% -6% -8% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 U.S. Ohio Sources: Ohio Labor Market Information; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Employment in Ohio and the U.S. declined nearly 6% in 2020, due to the pandemic, then grew faster than trend in 2021. The pace of employment growth in Ohio has trailed the national pace during the last 20 years, except for the period from 2010-2012. Ohio 2021 employment declined 4.5% from its 2000 peak level. lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov Legislative Budget Office
Unemployment rate changes in Ohio largely mirror U.S. in recent years Ohio and United States Average Annual Unemployment Rates 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 U.S. Ohio Sources: Ohio Labor Market Information; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Ohio s average annual unemployment rate declined from 8.2% in 2020 to 5.1% in 2021; corresponding U.S. figures were 8.1% and 5.3%. Between 2002 and 2021, annual unemployment averaged 6.4% in Ohio and 6.1% in the U.S. lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov Legislative Budget Office
Ohio ranks high in labor market size and middle in unemployment rate compared to neighbors Ohio has a larger labor force than neighboring states except Pennsylvania. The Ohio 2021 unemployment rate was lower than Michigan and Pennsylvania, but higher than other neighbors. Comparison of 2021 Labor Market Indicators Unemployment Rate Civilian Labor Force Participants (in thousands) State Ohio 5.1% 5,736.9 Indiana 3.6% 3,321.5 Kentucky 4.7% 2,036.9 Michigan 5.9% 4,776.1 Pennsylvania 6.3% 6,406.2 West Virginia 5.0% 788.8 Sources: Ohio Labor Market Information; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov Legislative Budget Office
Service share of employment remains high in 2021 Ohio Nonfarm Payroll Employment by Sector (Number in Thousands) Total employment increased 6.7% from 2010 to 2021. The share of workers in service occupations in 2021 was well above its 2000 level. 2000 2010 2021 Sector Number Share Number Share Number Share Goods-Producing (Private) Mining/Natural Resources Construction Manufacturing 12.9 246.1 1,021.7 1,280.7 0.2% 4.4% 18.2% 22.8% 11.3 168.8 621.4 801.5 0.2% 3.4% 12.3% 15.9% 8.6 0.2% 4.2% 12.4% 16.7% 223.5 665.1 897.2 Subtotal Service-Providing (Private) Trade (Retail & Wholesale) Transportation & Utilities Information Financial Activities Professional & Business Education & Health Leisure & Hospitality Other Services 917 196.1 107.5 305.2 647.6 678.6 483.3 223.4 3,558.7 785.1 5,624.5 16.3% 3.5% 1.9% 5.4% 11.5% 12.1% 8.6% 4.0% 63.3% 14.0% 100.0% 764.2 180.8 77.7 276.8 628.9 838.6 475.3 206.1 3,448.4 786.1 5,036.0 15.2% 3.6% 1.5% 5.5% 12.5% 16.7% 9.4% 4.1% 68.5% 15.6% 100.0% 769.3 263 64.9 308.1 717.6 896.5 504.9 200.7 3,725.0 750.9 5,373.1 14.3% 4.9% 1.2% 5.7% 13.4% 16.7% 9.4% 3.7% 69.3% 14.0% 100.0% Including government, the service share has fluctuated from 77.2% in 2000, to 84.1% in 2010, to 83.3% in 2021. Subtotal Government Total, All Sectors Sources: Ohio Labor Market Information; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov Legislative Budget Office
Ohios employment mix had greater emphasis on goods production as compared with nation Ohio and United States Employment by Economic Sector, 2021 25% 21.3% 20.1% 19.2% 19.0% 20% 16.7% 16.7% 16.2% 15.1% 14.5% 14.0% 13.9% 13.4% 15% 10% 5% 0% Goods production Government Trade, transportation, & utilities Education & health services Professional & business Other services U.S. Ohio Sources: Ohio Labor Market Information; U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Goods production includes manufacturing, construction, and natural resource extraction (e.g., mining and logging) companies. Goods production accounted for 16.7% of Ohio s 2021 payroll employment; the corresponding U.S. figure was 13.9%. lsc.ohio.gov lsc.ohio.gov Legislative Budget Office
