Mastering Grammar: Understanding Despite/In spite of and Verb + to-inf Constructions

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Delve into the nuances of grammar by exploring the usage of Despite/In spite of to express contrasts and how to construct sentences using verbs followed by the infinitive form. Enhance your understanding with examples and tips on transforming phrases into noun clauses.

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PERIOD 3st Unit 12/ My Future Career LESSON 3: Closer Look 2 Unit 8/ Tourism

Grammar 1: Despite/In spite of ( m c d , cho d ) Despite/In spite of + N/N-phrase/Gerund(V-ing) ( sau Despite/ In spite of l danh t , c m danh t , danh ngt ) -> c d ng di n ts t ngph ngi a 2 th ng tin trong c ng m t c u. Ex: Although he was hungry, he didn t eat anything. -> Despite/In spite of beinghungry, he didn t eat anything. -> Despite/In spite of his hunger, he didn t eat anything. Notes:

Cch chuyntmnh sang cm danh t: 1- N uch ng c a 2 m nh gi ng nhau th b ch ng v chuy n ngt sang d ng V-ing . Ex: Although Hoa eats a lot, she is thin -> Despite eating a lot, Hoa is thin 2- N um nh l danh t +be + t nh t , th chuy n t nh t ttr c danh t v b be . Ex: He doesn t go swimming because the rain is heavy -> He doesn t go swimming because of the heavy rain 3- N um nh l it +be + t nh t , th i it th nh t nh t s h u, i t nh t th nh danh t v b be . Ex: Although he was sick, he stayed up late to finish his homework. -> Despite/ In spite of his sickness, he stayed up late to finish his homework. 4- N um nh c d ng: There +be + danh t , th ta b There + be Ex: Although there was a pain in his leg, he walked to school. -> Despite/ In spite of a pain in his leg, he walk to school. 5- N u c u c d ng: It (be) + t nh t v th iti t, th ta i t nh t th nh danh t th m the ph a tr c. Ex: Although it was snowy, he went to forest -> Despite/ In spite of the snow, he went to forest.

Grammar Despite/In spite of: review 1.Complete each second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Write no more than THREE words. 1. Although she loves maths, she has decided to become an English teacher. -> In spite of , she has decided to become an English teacher. 2. He studied hard, but he didn t pass the exam. -> Despite , he didn t pass the exam. 3. Even though he is lazy, he was given the job. ->Despite his , he was given the job. 4. Although he is short, he has been accepted into the volleyball team. ->Despite , he has been accepted into the volleyball team. 5. Even though she has poor health, she works twelve hours a day. -> In spite of her , she works twelve hours a day.

1. Although she loves maths, she has decided to become an English teacher. -> In spite of , she has decided to become an English teacher. 2. He studied hard, but he didn t pass the exam. -> Despite , he didn t pass the exam. 3. Even though he is lazy, he was given the job. ->Despite his _ , he was given the job. 4. Although he is short, he has been accepted into the volleyball team. ->Despite , he has been accepted into the volleyball team. 5. Even though she has poor health, she works twelve hours a day. ->In spite of her , she works twelve hours a day. poor health loving maths studying hard laziness being short

Grammar 2: 1/ Verb + to-inf D ng to-inf sau m t s ng t sau: 2. Verb + V-ing D ng V-ing sau m t s ng t sau: - agree: ng - expect: mong i - manage: c g ng, xoay x - pretend: y u c u, i h i - tend: c khuynh h ng, c chi u h ng - promise: h a - attempt: c g ng, th - offer: a ra, t - refuse: t ch i - finish: ho n th nh, k t th c -stop: ng ng, d ng l i -admit: th a nh n -deny: t ch i - avoid: tr nh - discuss: th o lu n, b n c i -keep: gi -mention: c p -mind: l m phi n

Grammar 1. Verb + to-infinitive: Some verbs are usually followed by the full infinitive. These verbs include agree, expect, manage, pretend, tend, promise, attempt, offer, refuse Example: I expect to get a good job in the future. 2. Verb + V-ing form: Some verbs are usually followed by the V-ing form. These verbs are finish, stop, admit, deny, avoid, discuss, keep, mention, mind Example: He doesn t mind working hard to earn more money. 3. There are verbs that can be used with either to-infinitive or V-ing form without a change in meaning. These verbs are begin, start, continue Example: She began working/to work in our office last month.

Grammar 2: 1/ Verb + to-inf D ng to-inf sau m t s ng t sau: agree, expect, manage, pretend, tend, promise, attempt, offer, refuse Example: I expect to get a good job in the future. 2. Verb + V-ing D ng V-ing sau m t s ng t sau: finish, stop, admit, deny, avoid, discuss, keep, mention, mind Example: He doesn t mind working hard to earn more money. 3. Sau m t s ng t c th d ng to-inf ho c V-ing , ngh a c a n v n kh ng thay i: begin, start, continue, enjoy, like Example: She began working/to work in our office last month.

3. Sau mt s ng t c th dng to-inf hoc V-ing, ngha ca n v n kh ng thay i: begin, start, continue, enjoy, like Example: She began working/to work in our office last month. 4. Sau m t s ng t khi d ng to-inf ho c V-ing th ngh a c a ch ng s thay i a/ Remember/Forget +V-ing -> di nt vi cnh hay qu n i u g th chi n (x y ra sau h nh ng ) Ex: I remember locking the door before going out. - Remember/Forget + to-inf -> di nt vi cnh hay qu n x y ra tr c h nh ng (h nh ng t ng lai) Ex: Remember to lock the door before going out.

b/ regret +V-ing: ly lm tic iu g xy ra trong qu kh regret + to-inf: l y l m ti c i u m nh ang l m c/ try +V-ing: th l m i u g try +to-inf: c g ng l m i u g d/ stop +V-ing: ng ngh n l m g stop +to-inf: ng ng l i l m vi c g

4. There are verbs that can be used with either to-infinitive or V-ing form but there is a change in meaning. They are as follows: V-ing to-infinitive remember Have a memory of doing sth Do you remember doing that part-time job? Do sth you have to do Did you remember to ask your boss for the day off? Not remember sth you have to do Don t forget to send your application on time. forget Not remember a past event I forgot reading the job ads yesterday. try Do sth to discover its qualities or effects He isn t in the office. Try phoning his home number. Make an effort to do sth I tried to get the job, but I failed. stop Stop an action She stopped complaining when she was given a promotion. Interrupt an action to do sth else I stopped (my study) to look for a job.

2.Circle the correct words or phrases in bold.Sometimes both options are correct. 1. The man offered to give/giving me the job. 2. She managed to pass/passing the exam for that top school. 3. The students discussed to choose/choosing a career. 4. Did your teacher mention to take/taking vocational courses? 5. The company refuses to employ/employingpoorly qualified applicants. 6. The teacher continued to talk/talking about job opportunities when the principal came in.

3.Choose the correct answer(s). 1. The school is expected____ A. to provide B. provide 2. The school headmaster promised_ practical study programmes to students. A. to offer B. offer C. offering 3. The company admitted the employee unfairly. A. to dismiss B. dismiss C. dismissing 4. She doesn t mind hard to reach her career goals. A. work B. to work C. working 5. It may be too late to begin_- vocational skills after you leave school. A. to learn B. learn C. learning 6. Many more students tend in vocational schools than in senior secondary schools. A. enrolling B. to enrol good citizens for society. C. providing C. enrol

Grammar4.Complete the sentences using the ideas in the pictures and the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 8. 7. 6. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4.

4. Complete the sentences using the ideas in the pictures and the correct form of the verbs in brackets. 1. Oh, no! I forgot 2. I don t remember 3. I ve been trying answering! (CONTACT) 4. Did you remember your CV? It s the deadline this morning. (SEND) 5. I will never forget so hard to become an architect. (WORK) 6. Please, stop . The library is a quiet space. (TALK) 7. Why don t you try your CV to the company? They are looking for people like you. (POST) 8. She stopped reading the phone. (ANSWER) the door! (LOCK) you at the job fair last year. (MEET) the employment office, but no one is

to lock 1. Oh, no! I forgot 2. I don t remember (MEET) 3. I ve been trying is answering! (CONTACT) 4. Did you remember your CV? It s the deadline this morning. (SEND) 5. I will never forget __ so hard to become an architect. (WORK) 6. Please, stop . The library is a quiet space. (TALK) 7. Why don t you try your CV to the company? They are looking for people like you. (POST) 8. She stopped reading the phone. (ANSWER) to answer the door! (LOCK) ___ you at the job fair last year. meeting the employment office, but no one to contact to send working talking posting

5. Complete each second sentence using the right form of the word given so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Write between two and five words. manage 1.The boy finally succeeded in dealing with his peers at the vocational school. The boy his peers at the vocational school. 2. She tried hard to cooperate with the others in the team to finish the work. She __ _____ _______ others in the team to finish the work. 3. Although he made efforts in his work, he wasn t promoted. He wasn t promoted efforts. 4. The boss said he didn t bully the new employee. The boss employee. 5. Although the man was qualified for the job, he wasn t accepted. for the job, he wasn t accepted attempt in spite of deny Despite

1.The boy finally succeeded in dealing with his peers at the vocational school. The boy his peers at the vocational school. 2. She tried hard to cooperate with the others in the team to finish the work. She __ _____ _______ others in the team to finish the work. 3. Although he made efforts in his work, he wasn t promoted. He wasn t promoted efforts. 4. The boss said he didn t bully the new employee. The boss employee. 5. Although the man was qualified for the job, he wasn t accepted. for the job, he wasn t accepted Despite being qualified finally managed to deal with attempted to cooperate with the in spite of his denied bullying the new