Insights into European Light Commercial Vehicle Production Market Trends

The European light commercial vehicle production market outlook highlights the dominance of joint product development and manufacturing arrangements, the presence of 5 main vehicle segments, and the impact of alliances in the market. The production figures from 2007 to 2015 indicate fluctuations and shifts in production across various manufacturers. Detailed information on market dynamics, vehicle segments, and key players provide a comprehensive overview of the European LCV industry landscape.

• European market
• Light Commercial Vehicles
• Joint product development
• Vehicle segments
• Automotive industry

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1. European Light Commercial Vehicle Production Outlook SMMT Open Forum Ian Henry, AutoAnalysis March 30, 2011 SMMT, the S symbol and the Driving the motor industry brandlineare trademarks of SMMT Ltd SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED

2. 5 categories of Light Commercial Vehicles made in Europe Microvans Small vans Medium vans Large vans Pick-up trucks SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 2

3. Market dominated by joint product development & manufacturing arrangements Traditionally c2-2.5mn LCVs made in Europe pa, incl. commercial versions of cars Market supplied almost entirely with local production limited imports Alliances are a key feature of market, with some VMs having >1 alliance: Fiat with PSA, and with GM PSA with Fiat, and Mitsubishi Renault with GM, Nissan and Mercedes Mercedes with VW and Renault Over 1/3 European LCVs supplied through alliances 5 main segments: Microvans, eg Peugeot Bipper Small vans, eg Ford Transit Connect Medium vans, eg Vauxhall Vivaro Large vans, eg Fiat Ducato Pick-up trucks, eg Nissan Navarra VW adding pick-up production to European offering the first European VM to make a purpose-built pick-up Chinese, through Chery and Great Wall, will add LCV production in Europe SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 3

4. Significant dip in 2009 production recovery unlikely to exceed 2007 peak; some PSA/Renault/Fiat production shifting to South America and Russia LCV Production in Europe, 2007-2015 Skoda 3000000 Volkswagen 2500000 Dacia Nissan 2000000 Renault Units PSA 1500000 LDV 1000000 Hyundai-Kia GM 500000 Ford Fiat 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Years 2012 2013 2014 2015 Daimler SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 4

5. Daimler Currently has two vans, Viano/Vito medium van made in Spain, and Sprinter large van made in Germany Sprinter also supplied to Volkswagen as Crafter and has been supplied to Dodge and Freightliner in low volume for US market Will source Mercedes version of Kangoo from Renault to give it a small van previous offering in small vans (Vaneo based on A-class) was not a success Recently announced a production JV with GAZ in Russia, to make Sprinter for local market: Timing to be confirmed Initial volume 25,000 pa This will be Mercedes initial route into Russia; car production in Russia not currently scheduled SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 5

6. Fiat Widest range of LCVs, mostly made in JVs with PSA: Microvans: Fiat Fiorino, made by Tofas in Turkey, JV with PSA Small van: Fiat Doblo, made by Tofas; will build version for Opel/Vauxhall under contract Medium van: Fiat Scudo, made by Sevel Nord, French-based arm of PSA JV Large van: Fiat Ducato, made by Sevel Sud, Italian-based arm of PSA JV Iveco Daily: heavy duty large van, made in Italy and Spain Production in Russia highly likely in new Fiat factory, to replace low volume kit production at local assemblers SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 6

7. Ford Only major European VM without an alliance in LCVs Transit van is, arguably, the most iconic van in Europe, certainly in UK: Mostly now made in Kocaeli, Turkey; major investment for new model crosses medium and large van sub-segments Limited production of chassis-cabs in UK Transit Connect small van currently make in Turkey: Production to shift to Romania Transit Connect is one of three candidates to be next New York City taxi: Could boost new model production in Craiova, or lead to US production SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 7

8. GM Heavily reliant on Renault for most of its presence in LCVs: Medium Vivaro van made in joint development and manufacturing programme with Renault; production of new model secured for Luton, saving the factory, starting in 2013; but new van programme will only see Vauxhall/Opel models made in Luton no Renaults or Nissans Large Movano van sourced on OEM basis from Renault (rebadged version of Master) Still makes own small van: Combo, based on Corsa: However, for new model, GM is switching Combo van replacement to a modified version of Fiat Doblo from the Tofas plant in Turkey SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 8

9. PSA Mix of own vehicle programme and JVs with Fiat Microvan: Citroen Nemo/Peugeot Bipper, made by Tofas in Turkey, JV with Fiat Small van: Citroen Berlingo/Peugeot Partner, self-developed programme, made in Spain; will add EV version with Mitsubishi electric powertrain; CKD arrangement in Turkey, full production also in Brazil both leading to fall in Spanish production Medium van: Citroen Jumpy/Peugeot Expert, made by Sevel Nord, French-based arm of Fiat JV Large van: Citroen Jumper/Peugeot Boxer, made by Sevel Sud, Italian- based arm of Fiat JV SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 9

10. Renault-Nissan-Dacia Renault: Small van: Kangoo, formerly supplied to Nissan as Kubistar, also to be supplied to Mercedes (name unknown) Medium van: Trafic, currently made in Spain and UK, switching to France for new model; joint development programme with GM Large van: Master, also supplied to GM and Nissan on OEM basis Nissan now going down a partially independent path in LCVs: Formerly sourced all European vans from Renault But Nissan Spain now making own small-medium van (NV200) and will also make new pick-up truck Dacia: new factory in Morocco will add small van from 2013 details awaited SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 10

11. VW group Small van: Caddy, made in Poland, based on old Golf platform Medium van: Transporter, mostly made in Germany, with chassis cab versions made in Poland; also made in minibus and coach versions in Germany Large van: Crafter sourced from Mercedes on OEM basis Pick-up truck: developed Amarok for South American market; will add European production in 2012, the first European VM to make a purposed-designed pick-up in Europe Skoda also makes low volume Praktik van, based on Fabia, mostly for domestic market SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 11

12. In summary European LCV production ... Is characterised by joint production arrangements, some full JVs (Fiat-PSA), some pure OEM supply (Mercedes for VW, Renault for Mercedes) Will see more alliances like these in the years ahead Is dominated by European brands Nissan apart, the Japanese have largely stayed away from this market; and probably will stay away, because of entrenched nature of European suppliers and better opportunities elsewhere Chinese will appear at the margins, in small vans and cheap pick-up trucks, while Hyundai will aim for a slice of Turkish/Near East market with a Turkish production JV SOCIETY OF MOTOR MANUFACTURERS AND TRADERS LIMITED PAGE 12