Grade 7 Energy and Change: Potential and Kinetic Energy
Potential and kinetic energy are explored in Grade 7 Natural Sciences, focusing on the law of conservation of energy. The flow diagrams illustrate energy transfer processes, such as from potential to kinetic energy in examples like a bent ruler, water wheel, toy car, and electrical toy car. Understanding the conversion of energy forms is key in studying energy systems.
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Presentation Transcript
Natural Sciences Grade 7 Term 3: Energy and Change Potential and kinetic energy
Topic 2 Potential and Kinetic Energy Law of conservation of energy Natural Sciences - Grade 7
Law of conservation of energy Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it is changed or converted from one form to another. Energy flows / transfers between different parts of a system. We can study this transfer of energy within a system through flow diagrams. Natural Sciences - Grade 7
Flow diagram example: Plastic Ruler The potential energy changes to kinetic energy when the bent ruler is released. The bent ruler has elastic potential energy. The ruler bends. NB: When drawing an energy flow diagram you need to identify: Where the energy comes from (the input energy). Where the energy goes ( transfer into output energy). The changes in potential and kinetic energy in the process. Natural Sciences - Grade 7
Flow diagram example: Water wheel Gravity lets the water fall onto the fins of the water wheel. Gravitational potential Energy is changed to kinetic energy. The falling water causes the water wheel to turn. The water at a height, has gravitational potential energy. A person has to wind up the toy car. It now has elastic potential energy. The elastic potential energy is now changed to kinetic energy. The toy car moves. Wind up toy car [above] Natural Sciences - Grade 7
Flow diagram example: Electrical toy car [example] Circuit is closed and an electric current starts to flow. The electric current flows and turns the motor. Cells have potential energy. The electric motor turns the wheels and the car moves [kinetic energy] Natural Sciences - Grade 7
Flow diagram of the energy system Flow diagram of the energy system of a boy eating a banana. Banana [potential energy]. Energy is stored in the boy s muscles. The boy runs [kinetic energy]. Boy eats the banana. Natural Sciences - Grade 7
