Fisheries and Aquaculture in Vanuatu: Sustainable Development and Management
Vanuatu aims to ensure sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources, maximize economic and social benefits, contribute to food security, and meet regional responsibilities through its fisheries sector. The country's Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 668,220 km2, with key features including a reef area of 1,244 km2, a land area of 11,880 km2, a population of 252,000, and a growth rate of 2.6%. The vision is to provide the people with the highest levels of social and economic benefits through sustainable development and management of fisheries resources. Main activities encompass oceanic fisheries targeting tuna species, coastal fisheries focusing on bottom-dwelling fish and invertebrates, and aquaculture endeavors.
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Fisheries and Aquaculture in Vanuatu Christopher K. Arthur
Outline Vision Objectives Main fisheries and aquaculture activities Fisheries programs and management Future plans to maintain benefits
Key Features of Vanuatu EEZ 668,220 km2 Reef area 1,244 km2 Land area 11,880 km2 Population 252,000 Population growth rate 2.6%
Vision The people of Vanuatu will enjoy the highest levels of social and economic benefits through sustainable development and management of Vanuatu s fisheries resources.
Objectives of fisheries sector 1. Ensure that exploitation of fisheries resources within Vanuatu waters is sustainable 2. Harvest resources in a way that maximizes the long term economic and social benefits 3. Contribute to the food security of ni Vanuatu 4. Meet sub-regional, regional and international responsibilities and requirements
Oceanic Fisheries Purse seiner Longliner transhipment Locally based foreign longliner
Oceanic fisheries - recent catch & value Total tuna catch from EEZ in 2012 = 8,279 t Number of Vanuatu flagged vessels in 2012 = 135 Catch of flagged vessels outside EEZ > 40,000 t Revenue for Vanuatu > VT100 million Target tuna species: A Yellowfin Bigeye Albacore Skipjack
Coastal Fisheries Bottom-dwelling fish Near-shore pelagic fish Invertebrates
Coastal fisheries catch 540 tonnes/yr 540 t/yr 1 2 2830 tonnes/yr 2830 t/yr Commercial Subsistence Source: Gillett 2009
Examples of commercial catch & value Type of fishery Trochus Deep-bottom Snapper Aquarium trade Catch (t) 8 3 + pieces 28 Value (USD) 50,000 190,000 335,000
Freshwater and estuarine fisheries No reliable catch information available Estimate is 80 tonnes per year Contributes to food security Source: Gillett 2009
Freshwater aquaculture Cage culture of tilapia 65-70 tonnes p.a. Catfish and barramundi > 40 tonnes p.a. Household tilapia ponds Freshwater prawns ~500 kg Source; Vate Oceans Garden
Coastal aquaculture Marine shrimp Giant clams and other ornamental products Green Snail and Trochus Sea cucumber? Teouma Prawns
Fisheries programs and management Development and Capture Division Research and Aquaculture Division Seafood Verification Division Compliance Division Management and Policy Division Administration Division
Future plans to maintain benefits We must address many drivers of the sector, especially population growth Increased global demand for fish Increased habitat degradation Increased fishing pressure Vanuatu National Fisheries Policy (draft) National Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan (draft)
