Enhancing Snow and Wet Grip Performance of C3 SRTTs - ETRTO's Innovative Approach

ETRTO unveils a new design for C3 SRTTs to address limitations in snow performance and enhance wet grip stability. The revamped tread pattern features sipes for improved performance on snow without compromising wet grip. Through rigorous test campaigns, ETRTO aims to ensure high performance stability and reproducibility in varying conditions, setting a new standard for tire approval in severe snow conditions.

• ETRTO
• C3 SRTTs
• Snow Grip
• Wet Grip
• Tire Performance

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1. Informal document GRBP-77-28-Rev.1 Agenda item 7 (c) New design C3 SRTTs GRBP 78th session August 2023 Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 1 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

2. Agenda 1. Background regulatory framework & reason for changing the current C3 SRTTs 2. New Design C3 SRTTs concept 3. SNOW test campaign a. Overview b. Analysis of test results c. Proposed approach / Correlation Factor 4. WGI test campaign a. Overview, Analysis of the Results and proposed approach 5. Timeline Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 2 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

3. Background Background Regulatory framework The current C3 SRTTs 19.5 and 22.5 are used as reference tyres for snow grip and wet adhesion performance in UN Reg.117: F2871-16 for the size 245/70R19.5 and referred to as "SRTT19.5" F2870-16 for the size 315/70R22.5 and referred to as "SRTT22.5". Snow grip index threshold for C3 (1.25) shall be passed to type approve a tyre for use in severe snow conditions, according to an acceleration test method (Annex 7) Wet Grip index threshold for C3 shall be passed to type approve a tyre Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 3 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

4. Background Background Reason to change the existing C3 SRTTs Rib design of the tread pattern of current C3 SRTTs with limited snow performance capabilities High performance variation depending on the track surface conditions during testing high performance variations in the evaluation of candidate tires poor correlation between different test providers and/or proving grounds Need to improve reproducibility of the SNOW test results (i.e., reduce the uncertainty of the test), while not deteriorating the Wet Grip reproducibility Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 4 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

5. New Design of C3 SRTTs New Design of C3 SRTTs o New pattern designs with sipes (blades) assures higher performance stability on snow test method, and not deteriorating the wet grip test method reproducibility Current Design New Design (22.5) New Design (19.5) Validation Tests campaigns o Snow test campaigns were performed by ETRTO and JATMA members during 3 winter seasons (years from 2019 to 2022) o Wet Grip test campaign was performed over 3 years at different locations and in different conditions SRTT 22.5 current design vs. SRTT 22.5 new design SRTT 19.5 current design vs. SRTT 19.5 new design o Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 5 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

6. Comparison C3-SRTT old vs. New design - Result Summary Table Reference set for all candidates is the C3-SRTT old design = 100% Status 15.07.2022 Issue: 14 SNOW test campaign SNOW test campaign Main test Data C3 SRTT 22.5 old design C3 SRTT 22.5 new design C3 SRTT 19.5 old design C3 SRTT 19.5 new design internal Report No. Test Company Test Track land / lake / indoor Test Vehicle Test date Temp. Segment (1,2,3,4) Ambient Temperature [ C] Snow Average CTI (80..90) Average acc. distance of SRTT [m] Average acceleration of SRTT [m/s ] (ave) Variation Coefficient (%) offset* (ref. trend) [%] SGI [%] average acc. distance [m] average accelaration [m/s ] Variation Coefficient (%) SGI [%] Average acc. distance of SRTT [m] Average acceleration of SRTT [m/s ] (ave) Variation Coefficient (%) offset* (ref. trend) [%] average acc. distance [m] average accelaration [m/s ] Variation Coefficient (%) SGI [%] Test No. Temperature [ C] S ance 29 S ance 30 S ance 31 S ance 18 S ance 11 S ance 12 S ance 13 S ance 20 Snow.Comp. SRTT S ance 21 2019R06231-00 S ance 22 S ance 23 2019R06918-00 2019R06918-00 S ance 24 2019R06232-00 S ance 25 2019R06918-00 2019R06918-00 2019R06929-00 Snow.Comp. SRTT S ance 26 Snow.Comp. SRTT 2020R00368-00 2020_001 2020_001 2020_001 YH-W YH-N 2020R00371-00 2020_002 Michelin Michelin Michelin Michelin Michelin Michelin Michelin Michelin Prometeon Tyre Michelin Goodyear Michelin Michelin Goodyear Goodyear Michelin Goodyear Michelin Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Prometeon Tyre Michelin Prometeon Tyre Goodyear Continental Continental Continental YOKOHAMA YOKOHAMA Goodyear Continental land land land land land land land land Land land Land land land Land Land land Land land Land Land Land Land land Land Land land land land land land Land land 2021 2021 2021 1 1 -3 -3 -3 -2 88,5 88,5 23,85 26,296 0,95 0,858 16,63 15,5775 1,36 1,449 143,16 169 16 10 11 12 17 20 18 1 19 20 3 4 21 21 22 5 6 22 25 23 26 10 1 2 3 W6 N3 7 SVL02 DAF 5 DAF 5 DAF 5 SVL02 19.12.2019 07.01.2020 09.01.2020 09.01.2020 09.01.2020 10.01.2020 10.01.2020 11.01.2020 11.01.2020 13.01.2020 14.01.2020 14.01.2020 14.01.2020 15.01.2020 15.01.2020 17.01.2020 17.01.2020 17.01.2020 22.01.2020 22.01.2020 23.01.2020 30.01.2020 03.02.2020 03.02.2020 03.02.2020 03.02.2020 03.02.2020 04.02.2020 05.02.2020 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 -10 -2 -2 -14 -4 -13,0 -4 -8,6 -9,5 -13 -8,7 -8,9 -10,5 -8,1 -8 -7,5 -7,4 -5,7 -12,3 -7 -14,6 -9,6 -8 -9 -9 -5,7 -5,7 -22,3 -6 -6,0 -4,0 -4,0 -9,0 -3,0 -10,2 -5 -9,1 -10 -9,5 -8,8 -9,0 -8,5 -7,4 -6,5 -7,4 -7,2 -5,3 -7,7 -7,5 -8,3 -8,4 -6 -6 -7 -5,0 -5,0 -18,3 -7 86 84 83 83 83 82 84 84 84 84 85 85 85 84 84 84 84 84 88 85 84 84 88 88 88 85 85 84 89 29,10 0,78 3,70 0,30 18,18 1,24 2,1 159,92 26,92 28,15 21,82 0,75 0,72 0,93 3,90 2,70 3,30 1,70 0,60 3,70 18,20 22,14 18,34 1,11 0,92 1,11 2,0 4,5 4,6 147,71 127,29 119,03 27,80 0,81 2,20 2,80 21,86 1,03 3,0 127,20 Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 SVL02 Mercedes Actros 1854 SVL02 SVL02 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 SVL02 DAF FA LF55 SVL02 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 DAF FA LF55 Iveco Stralis 500 SVL02 Iveco Stralis 500 Mercedes Actros 1854 DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs VOLVO FH 2012 (2D) Hino Ranger 2018 (D) Mercedes Actros 1854 DB 1808 Arocs 24,21 0,790 2,4 X 21,41 0,893 3,14 113,00 26,18 34,22 26,49 24,27 34,67 35,67 26,86 0,86 0,592 0,85 0,93 0,585 0,568 0,84 2,4 2,7% 3,70 4,90 2,5% 2,2% 2,80 4,2 0,8 1,70 2,70 -1,7 -3,3 3,80 18,62 18,97 18,62 18,13 18,55 18,49 18,58 1,21 1,068 1,21 1,25 1,093 1,097 1,22 2,1 2,2% 5,4 1,7 3,6% 3,9% 5,4 140,51 180,4 142,38 133,64 187,0 193,1 144,79 2 2 2 43,52 0,466 3,8% 3,9 23,16 0,875 2,4% 187,90 2 28,76 44,10 43,69 0,79 0,459 0,464 2,40 2,8% 2,6% 0,10 0 -0,6 20,13 19,18 20,61 1,12 1,057 0,984 3,0 1,9% 2,6% 142,97 229,9 212,0 44,93 0,451 2,2% -1,6 26,05 0,779 3,5% 172,60 2 1 20,03 28,86 21,40 25,08 25,89 25,41 25,14 24,20 0,952 0,78 0,893 0,809 0,78 0,798 0,806 0,662 2,34 5,40 2,8 3,8% 2,1 3,8 3,2 3,7% X 16,42 23,73 17,15 21,07 15,67 15,07 15,67 17,07 1,165 0,95 1,115 0,962 1,292 1,343 1,293 0,930 2,81 5,3 3,04 2,8% 2,1 1,9 3,1 4,0% 122 121,58 125 119,0 170,2 168,5 159,8 140 Overview 0,10 X -1,1 2 1,9 0,3 4,87 3 - 2 1..2 1..2 2 1 1 32,90 0,479 3,3% 2,8 14,80 1,062 4,1% 221,71 23,46 27,96 0,865 0,725 4,3% 2,8 0 19,12 16,95 1,061 1,194 3,8% 1,6 122,7 164,8 1 -3,6 4 2020_002 Continental land DB 1808 Arocs 05.02.2020 1 -6 -7 89 27,65 0,734 3,4 0,3 16,04 1,262 1,2 172,3 5 2020_002 Continental land DB 1808 Arocs 05.02.2020 1 -5 -7 89 27,65 0,734 3,4 0,3 16,78 1,210 2,6 164,6 6 9 2020R00374-00 Goodyear Land Mercedes Actros 1854 05.02.2020 -15,8 -15,7 84 25,92 0,782 3,4% 0 21,08 0,963 4,5% 123,0 W1 BS-W1 Bridgestone-J land Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) 06.02.2020 2 -11,9 -10,7 87 31,00 0,649 3,8% 3,33 23,10 0,878 5,0% 135 Snow.Comp. SRTT 19.5 2020 - 003 Prometeon Tyre Group 21 Land Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 07.02.2020 3 - 2 -15,6 -13,0 88 22,89 0,835 5,23 X 18,8 1,018 3,85 122,00 N1 BS-N1 Bridgestone-J land Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) 07.02.2020 1 -7,3 -5,3 86 48,10 0,418 2,4% 3,1 23,40 0,869 4,8% 207,00 W2 BS-W2 Bridgestone-J land Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) 07.02.2020 1 -5,0 -5,4 86 36,80 0,554 2,7% -2,68 22,00 0,921 2,1% 166 Snow.Comp. SRTT 19.5 2020 - 004 Prometeon Tyre Group 22 Land Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 08.02.2020 3 - 2 -15,5 -12,0 88 22,63 0,843 1,79 X 19,33 0,99 2,78 117,00 3 winter seasons 8 2020R00372-00 Goodyear Land Mercedes Actros 1854 08.02.2020 -3,2 -3,4 84 46,32 0,438 2,8% 0 22,71 0,893 3,8% 204,0 W3 BS-W3 Bridgestone-J land Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) 08.02.2020 2 -9,1 -10,7 85 36,10 0,563 2,8% -0,40 22,80 0,891 1,9% 158 Snow.Comp. SRTT 19.5 2020 - 005 Snow.Comp. SRTT 19.5 2020 - 006 2020_003 Prometeon Tyre Group Prometeon Tyre Group Continental 23 Land Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 09.02.2020 2 -14,3 -11,0 87 21,98 0,870 3 X 17,04 1,122 1,18 129,00 24 Land Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 10.02.2020 2 -7,5 -7,8 88 24,43 0,783 3,76 X 17,9 1,068 4,24 136,00 land DB 1808 Arocs 14.02.2020 1 -5 -8 88 28,06 0,723 3,7 -2,6 15,67 1,292 2,6 178,1 7 2020_003 Continental land DB 1808 Arocs 14.02.2020 1 -4 -6 88 28,06 0,723 3,7 -2,6 17,54 1,155 3 160,6 8 2020_003 Continental land DB 1808 Arocs 14.02.2020 1 -7 -7 88 28,10 0,721 2,4 2,2 17,87 1,135 4,1 157,4 9 18 2020R00889-00 Goodyear Land Mercedes Actros 1854 15.02.2020 -8,7 -7,4 84 38,04 0,533 2,9% -1,8 19,61 1,034 3,3% 194,0 4 different temperature ranges (for ambient and surface) N2 P20-9012 SRI land Isuzu Forward (2D) 15.02.2020 1 -5,0 -6,8 88 0,686 4,5% 3,6 1,206 3,7% 176,00 24 23 25 20 W4 10 11 12 24 W5 13 15 27 W7 15 16 W8 25 26 27 28 N4 14 13 14 15 16 N5 17 28 18 19 20 21 11 12 2 13 14 17 29 19 W8 33 34 W1 W2 W3 W4 35 36 W9 W10 N4 N3 W11 W12 N1 N2 W5 S ance 27 2019R06252-00 S ance 28 2020R00373-00 BS-W4 2020_004 2020_004 2020_004 2019R06614-00 P20-9011 S ance 15 S ance 16 Snow.Comp. SRTT TY-W1 2020_006 2020_006 TY-W2 2019R00240-00 2019R00240-00 2020R00564-00 2020R00564-00 TY-N1 S ance 17 2020_005 2020_005 2020R00289-00 2020R00289-00 TY-N2 2020_007 Snow.Comp. 2020_008 2020_008 2020_008 2020_008 2020R00235-00 2020R00235-00 2019R06231-00 2020R00239-00 2020R00239-00 2020R00375-00 Snow.Comp. SRTT 2020R00889-00 Michelin Goodyear Michelin Goodyear Bridgestone-J Continental Continental Continental Goodyear SRI Michelin Michelin Prometeon Tyre Toyo Tire Co. Continental Continental Toyo Tire Co. Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Toyo Tire Co. Michelin Continental Continental Goodyear Goodyear Toyo Tire Co. Continental Prometeon Tyre Continental Continental Continental Continental Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Prometeon Tyre Goodyear SRI land Land land Land land land land land Land land land land Land land land land land Land Land Land Land land land land land Land Land land land Land land land land land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land land Land Land land land land land Land Land land land land land land land land land land SVL02 17.02.2020 18.02.2020 18.02.2020 19.02.2020 19.02.2020 20.02.2020 20.02.2020 20.02.2020 20.02.2020 21.02.2020 21.02.2020 21.02.2020 23.02.2020 25.02.2020 26.02.2020 26.02.2020 26.02.2020 27.02.2020 27.02.2020 27.02.2020 27.02.2020 27.02.2020 27.02.2020 28.02.2020 28.02.2020 28.02.2020 28.02.2020 28.02.2020 29.02.2020 29.02.2020 02.03.2020 02.03.2020 02.03.2020 02.03.2020 02.03.2020 02.03.2020 03.03.2020 03.03.2020 03.03.2020 04.03.2020 05.03.2020 11.03.2020 09.01.2021 18.01.2021 19.01.2021 19.01.2021 19.01.2021 20.01.2021 22.01.2021 24.01.2021 25.01.2021 25.01.2021 26.01.2021 26.01.2021 29.01.2021 04.02.2021 04.02.2021 05.02.2021 05.02.2021 08.02.2021 1 -2 -8,3 -8 -8,6 -7,5 -7 -6 -5 -10,1 -4,0 -2 -2 -1,0 -10,6 -4 -5 -8,6 -9,2 -6,4 -14,9 -14,3 -11,7 -7 -4 -5 -8,1 -6,5 -12,2 -11 -5,0 -6 -10 -5 -5 -13,3 -9,0 -5,2 -9,5 -7,7 -21,3 -5,8 -4,2 -8,7 -7,6 -17,5 -9,7 -8,8 -9,3 -3,7 -15,5 -14,7 -3 -10,3 -9,3 -6,1 -5,7 -8,9 -5,9 -9 -12,9 -4 -8,4 -8 -9,0 -5,1 -7 -6 -5 -11,2 -4,4 -6,0 -7,0 -4,0 -9,5 -5 -5 -8,2 -9,7 -6,6 -15,0 -14,9 -12,1 -10,0 -5 -6 -9,1 -8,2 -9,7 -7 -7,0 -6 -7 -7 -7 -13,2 -10,6 -7,1 -8,3 -7,7 -19,5 -8,3 -4,0 -9,1 -8,0 -13,9 -8,3 -8,2 -7,8 -4,8 -10,8 -13,0 -4,7 -9,4 -9,1 -6,1 -7,8 -9,5 -7,1 -7 -8,9 86 85 86 84 86 88 89 88 84 88 83 86 80 87 90 90 87 85 85 86 86 88 87 90 90 84 84 89 89 82 89 89 88 88 86 86 86 86 86 86 85 84 88 86 87 86 86 88 88 89 90 88 86 86 87 87 87 87 85 85 35,29 0,64 2,7 3 18,74 1,21 3 188,34 DAF FA LF55 SVL02 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs DAF FA LF 45 Hino Profia (2D) DAF 5 Scania R490 2015 Iveco Stralis 500 Hino Ranger 8t (2D) DB Atego DB Atego Hino Ranger 8t (2D) DAF FA LF55 DAF FA LF55 DAF FA LF55 DAF FA LF55 Hino Ranger 4t (2D) DAF 5 DB Atego DB Atego Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Hino Ranger 4t (2D) DB Atego Iveco Stralis 500 DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Mercedes Actros 1854 Iveco Stralis 500 Mercedes Actros 1854 Hino Profia (2D) Iveco Stralis 500 Iveco Stralis 500 Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) Iveco Stralis 500 Iveco Stralis 500 VOLVO FH 2012 (2D) VOLVO FH 2012 (2D) Hino Ranger 2018 (2D) Isuzu Forward (2D) Hino Ranger 8t (2D) Hino Ranger 8t (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Mitsubishi Super Great 2011 (2D) 43,24 0,469 2,1% -1,1 19,30 1,050 2,2% 224,10 2 26,18 33,33 40,50 30,91 32,94 32,94 0,86 0,608 0,497 0,657 0,616 0,616 5 5 17,22 18,44 23,40 18,25 17,65 18,24 1,31 1,099 0,867 1,11 1,147 1,11 3,2 2,1% 4,8% 1,4 1,5 2,6 151,79 180,7 174 169,0 187,2 179,8 2,0% 4,8% 4,6 3,7 3,7 -0,1 2,93 -3,2 2,3 2,3 1 1 1 1 33,02 0,615 3,9% -1,4 18,85 1,077 4,5% 175,20 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 0,498 3,1% 1,50 1,061 2,4% 213 29,04 0,70 3,60 3,40 18,05 1,12 160,80 32,59 32,71 20,02 0,69 0,585 0,925 4,30 4,68 2,5% 2,80 X 0,85 17,57 22,33 17,03 1,29 0,855 1,106 2,6 4,72 3,2% 185,29 146 119 9 participating companies / test locations 24,01 24,01 0,844 0,844 1,3 1,3 5,0 5,0 18,11 14,71 1,119 1,377 0,4 1,1 143,00 152,00 23,65 0,781 3,4% 1,44 17,00 1,103 2,9% 141 26,21 25,92 27,41 26,91 24,50 22,39 19,44 19,10 0,775 0,784 0,741 0,754 0,820 0,91 1,043 1,062 4,0% 5,0% 4,9% 4,6% 3,7% 4,60 4,3 4,9 5,9 -0,3 -1,1 2,8 0,1 4,60 1,6 2,2 16,31 18,22 19,37 18,49 16,90 16,35 14,75 15,03 1,245 1,114 1,046 1,096 1,172 1,24 1,375 1,349 5,5% 4,1% 2,7% 2,8% 1,2% 2,8 3,7 2,3 160,80 142,30 141,20 145,30 143,01 136,67 134,90 126,90 2 2 1 1 38,89 40,36 0,522 0,503 4,4% 4,2% 4,3 1,3 19,11 18,60 1,062 1,090 4,9% 3,1% 203,5 216,9 2 28,60 23,22 0,690 0,873 4,7% 3,8 3,4 0,3 19,70 15,47 1,002 1,309 2,7% 1,2 145,21 150,60 20 different vehicles (SRTT19.5 and SRTT22.5) 1..2 1 1 1..2 1 1 23,97 0,798 4,58 X 16,48 1,158 1,15 145 23,14 21,32 17,95 17,95 0,876 0,950 1,130 1,130 3,9 0,9 4,6 4,6 0,4 1,3 3,6 3,6 16,12 15,10 14,07 14,38 1,256 1,341 1,440 1,408 1,1 1,4 1,2 1,2 139,60 138,40 128,10 123,90 31,94 33,45 34,49 34,23 35,24 23,41 33,19 40,69 0,636 0,607 0,588 0,537 0,522 0,866 0,578 0,498 0,533 0,530 0,768 0,346 0,332 0,329 0,392 0,900 0,703 0,643 0,727 4,5% 5,0% 3,9% 3,7% 3,5% 3,4% 6,13 2,6% 1 18,43 17,57 17,34 16,04 16,60 18,19 20,47 23,95 1,100 1,153 1,168 1,145 1,107 1,115 0,933 0,846 1,097 0,840 1,107 0,686 0,712 0,736 0,84 1,078 0,945 1,075 1,11 3,0% 2,4% 2,3% 2,7% 3,5% 2,8% 3,75 1,9% 2,40 4,52 1,09 4,80 5,70 2,80 5,50 3,29 3,59 4,46 4,60 173,3 190,4 198,9 213,4 212,3 128,7 161 169,9 204,26 159 144 198 215 224 214 120 134 167,19 152,68 3,2 0,7 4,5 2 0 X -1,9 1,1 1,87 x -3,1 -4,7 -4,16 3,3 x x 5,18 3,27 1 1 1 SG_SRTT22.5_01_21 Prometeon Tyre SG_SRTT22.5_02_21 Prometeon Tyre 31,72 21,86 58,7 61,0 61,7 51,8 18,67 23,86 24,4 21,6 2,29 2,24 20,02 15,15 29,6 28,5 27,5 24,2 15,58 17,77 14,7 14,2 176 tests results: 68 for SRTT 19.5 & 108 for SRTT 22.5 3 - 2 1 1 1 1 3 - 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 Bridgestone-J Bridgestone-J Bridgestone-J Bridgestone-J SG_SRTT22.5_03_21 Prometeon Tyre SG_SRTT22.5_04_21 Prometeon Tyre 3,3 1,47 YOKOHAMA YOKOHAMA YOKOHAMA SRI Toyo Tire Co. Toyo Tire Co. Bridgestone-J Bridgestone-J Bridgestone-J 22,5 0,702 0,530 1,5 4,7 14,8 1,060 0,989 3,74 3,35 151,00 180,18 21,87 21,98 0,838 0,849 0,05 2,67 16,63 17,34 1,169 1,119 5,13 3,29 139,50 131,88 42 43,4 0,428 0,415 -0,8 -2,74 24,3 25,4 0,738 0,709 2,59 5,86 173,00 171,00 51,0 0,352 -1,7 26,6 0,676 2,60 192 Agereed for RRT ambient temperature -2 C . -7 C < -7 C . -15 C < -15 C -21 C < -21 C snow temperature -4 C . -9 C < -9 C . -15 C < -15 C -21 C < -21 C encouraged number of results* 2 *= number of braking tests Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 N5 YOKOHAMA land Hino Ranger 2018 (2D) 10.02.2021 1 -2,4 -4,2 86 35,4 0,444 2,71 14,9 1,054 5,12 237,39 W6 Bridgestone-J land Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) 13.02.2021 1 -5,8 -6 87 37,0 0,553 -4,5 21,1 0,961 4,50 174 W7 Bridgestone-J Prometeon Tyre Group Goodyear Goodyear land Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) 13.02.2021 1 -4 -5,1 87 37,0 0,544 -4,5 20,9 0,972 3,50 179 37 1 2 30 31 32 N6 N7 3 9 3 4 5 6 1 2 22 23 24 7 8 10 11 SG_SRTT22.5_05_21 2021-4942 2021-4942 SG_SRTT19.5_01_21 Prometeon Tyre SG_SRTT19.5_02_21 Prometeon Tyre SG_SRTT19.5_03_21 Prometeon Tyre Land land land Land Land Land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land land Iveco Stralis 500 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 Iveco Eurocargo 100e21 Hino Ranger 4t (2D) Hino Ranger 4t (2D) DAF FA LF55 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 DAF FA LF55 DAF FA LF55 DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs DB 1808 Arocs Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Actros 1854 Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Isuzu Forward 4ton 2012 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) Hino Profia FH 2011 (2D) DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego DB Atego 19.02.2021 24.02.2021 24.02.2021 25.02.2021 27.02.2021 27.02.2021 27.02.2021 27.02.2021 01.03.2021 02.03.2021 05.03.2021 05.03.2021 08.03.2021 08.03.2021 08.03.2021 08.03.2021 09.03.2021 09.03.2021 09.03.2021 09.03.2021 09.03.2021 24.03.2021 24.03.2021 01.02.2022 01.02.2022 01.02.2022 01.02.2022 01.02.2022 02.02.2022 02.02.2022 02.02.2022 02.02.2022 04.02.2022 04.02.2022 04.02.2022 05.02.2022 05.02.2022 05.02.2022 11.02.2022 11.02.2022 15.02.2022 15.02.2022 15.02.2022 15.02.2022 20.02.2022 2 -10,0 -12,2 -12,4 -10,5 -7,2 -8,0 -12,7 -12,8 -22,6 -6,0 -12,8 -7,8 -9,7 -11,4 -16,4 -15,8 -5 -5 -7 -11,4 -10,6 -7,9 -10,2 -5,5 -4,8 -3,4 -3,5 -4,7 -2,7 -6,9 -5,9 -3,2 -4,5 -3,3 -2,8 -8 -8,4 -6,4 -6 -6 -19 -19 -15-11 -15-11 -8,3 -9,4 -9,1 -9,0 -9,0 -9,0 -7,1 -11,1 -11,8 -18,1 -5,4 -11,2 -9,5 -9,0 -11,0 -11,8 -12,6 -3 -4 -5 -12,9 -12,7 -5,4 -7,5 -5 -4,4 -4 -4 -4,2 -4 -3,9 -3,9 -3,9 -3,1 -3,2 -3,1 -4,5 -4,5 -4,3 -4 -4 -7,3 -7,3 -7,3 -7,3 -5 85 85 85 85 85 84 86 86 84 83 84 84 84 84 85 85 82 82 82 85 85 85 85 88 88 90 90 92 86 88 88 86 92 92 92 86 88 92 85 85 86 86 86 86 87 19,85 36,26 36,28 0,846 0,559 0,558 4,52 1,70% 1,70% x 14,75 21,79 24,06 1,140 0,930 0,842 4,39 2,80% 0,80% 135 166,4 150,8 -0,30 -0,30 2 2 22,13 22,82 21,83 29,89 29,99 24,08 0,759 0,739 0,770 0,671 0,670 0,845 1,41% 4,55% 3,50% x x x 14,69 15,51 14,34 19,49 19,25 19,85 1,144 1,084 1,172 1,021 1,050 1,021 2,84% 4,41% 3,98% 2,27 2,37 2,10% 151,00 147,00 152,00 152,15 156,68 120,90 2 - 1 2 2 Toyo Tire Co. Toyo Tire Co. Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Continental Continental Continental Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear Goodyear JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 JATMA-1 Continental Continental Continental Continental Continental Continental Continental 1,59 1,37 -1,50 2021-4944 2021-6126 2021-3808 2021-3808 2021-554 2021-554 2021-504 2021-504 1,30% 37,91 33,94 35,14 40,02 38,31 0,534 0,597 0,577 0,506 0,529 1,90% 1,35% 1,00% 2,10% 1,60% -1,80 1,50 -5,70 -1,70 -0,90 20,46 20,87 20,46 19,26 19,84 0,990 0,971 0,991 1,053 1,021 2,10% 1,60% 3,70% 1,60% 0,90% 185,3 162,7 171,8 208,0 193,0 mandatory 2 mandatory encouraged 2 33,37 33,46 2 0,607 0,605 1,70% 2,10% -1,10 -1,10 23,68 23,52 0,856 0,861 2,60% 1,90% 140,95 142,26 2021_001 2021_001 2021_001 1 1 1 44,74 44,74 42,29 38,23 38,24 33,58 33,15 0,453 0,453 0,481 0,530 0,530 0,603 0,611 3,7 3,7 5,2 1,70% 1,40% 2,20% 2,90% 22,09 22,41 18,98 19,38 19,37 19,33 19,05 0,917 0,904 1,072 1,046 1,046 1,049 1,064 2,5 1,8 1,0 2,50% 2,40% 3,60% 2,90% 215,40 205,70 217,10 197,3 197,5 173,9 174,2 6,0 6,0 0,00 -0,10 1,40 0,10 2021-6796 2021-6796 2021-3972 2021-3972 N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 W5 W6 W7 W8 W9 W10 25 26 28 29 30 31 27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 39,6 38 40,1 39,6 38,9 42,7 35 34,9 42,1 0,57 0,594 0,506 0,511 0,521 0,475 0,579 0,581 0,481 2,4 2,2 3 2,1 2,3 2 2,7 2,3 1,2 3,8 4,5 1,8 0,4 2,8 2,5 3,7 2,8 2,9 24,2 23 22,5 21,7 21,2 18,5 26,9 24,6 19,3 0,933 0,982 0,905 0,932 0,958 1,095 0,756 0,825 1,052 4,00 4,00 7,30 2,60 1,90 1,40 4,30 4,20 2,60 164 165 179 182 184 231 131 142 218 45,9 46,4 45,6 40,7 40,3 42,7 0,442 0,437 0,445 0,493 0,497 0,474 2,8 2,6 2,5 1,6 2,5 1,5 -2,1 -0,6 4,3 3,2 -1,4 2,1 22,4 21,6 21,9 20,1 19,5 24,1 0,906 0,939 0,926 1,01 1,038 0,84 1,20 2,20 3,70 3,50 1,80 1,80 205 215 208 203 207 177 2022_30 2022_31 2022_33 2022_34 2022_35 2022_35 2022_32 31,83 31,83 19,6 19,6 21,06 21,06 33,8 0,637 0,637 1,026 1,026 0,965 0,965 0,060 3,5 3,5 1,6 1,6 2,7 2,7 4 1,1 1,1 1 1 11,1 11,1 3,4 17,89 16,28 14,61 13,95 1,144 1,243 1,387 1,451 0,7 1,2 1 0,8 177,00 196,00 135,00 141,00 new Design , latest production, direct comparison 19.5 vs. 22.5 Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 6 4 / 1 4 / 1 4 / 1 4 / 1 1..2 21,5 0,942 3 101,0 14,89 13,52 16,24 1,313 1,491 1,247 1,0 0,9 1,9 141,00 151,00 210,00 17,26 1,173 1,8 195,00 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Bridgestone Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Cordiant Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Mercedes Actros 1844 Volvo FH62 PT-D13 Volvo FH62 PT-D13 Volvo FM 42 TB 2018 Daf LF45 14.03.2020 08.03.2021 11.03.2021 19.03.2021 21.03.2020 16.03.2021 17.03.2021 19.03.2021 20.01.2021 22.01.2021 02.02.2021 21.01.2021 13.03.2021 14.03.2021 20.01.2021 22.01.2021 02.02.2021 19.01.2021 21.01.2021 -5,6 -7 -10 -7 -14,3 -13 -11 -8 88 81 85 84 24,83 25,01 23,02 24,11 0,82 0,81 0,88 0,84 2,2% 2,1% 2,4% 3,3% 16,36 15,70 16,47 14,47 1,24 1,29 1,23 1,40 1,3% 1,0% 2,4% 2,0% 158 157 141 168 16,14 24,11 20,88 20,67 1,26 0,84 0,97 0,98 4,1% 0,7% 1,4% 0,7% 14,67 15,34 14,07 12,06 1,38 1,32 1,44 1,68 2,7% 0,4% 0,7% 2,0% 108,00 157,00 148,00 176,00 Ford F250 Regularcab 5.4L 6-speed Manual 2009 Ford F250 Regularcab 5.4L 6-speed Manual 2009 Ford F250 Regularcab 5.4L 6-speed Manual 2009 MAZ-5440 MAZ-5440 MAZ-5440 MAZ-5440 MAZ-5440 MAZ-5440 GAZ - 41R13 GAZ - 41R13 GAZ - 41R13 GAZ - 41R13 GAZ - 41R13 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 -3 -5 -6 -6,6 -7,8 -6,8 -11,5 -11,7 -14,3 -6,3 -8,6 -7,7 -10,7 -11,6 -4 -8 -7 -7,5 -7,9 -6,2 -10,1 -14,4 -13,7 -6,8 -8,4 -7,5 -9,9 -10,8 85 84 86 90 90 90 90 86 85 90 89 90 88 90 1M-4-21 2M-4-21 3M-4-21 4M-4-21 5M-4-21 6M-4-21 7M-4-21 8M-4-21 9M-4-21 10M-4-21 11M-4-21 26 1 3,89 2,64 4,44 3,14 2,36 2,52 4,82 3,88 5,71 0,65 3,16 0,67 21,8 18,7 22 18,01 24,73 24,63 1,2 1,39 1,19 1,45 1,05 1,06 2,42 2,13 4,41 3,22 1,41 1,91 119,27 114,17 112,05 110,22 113,63 111,61 21,35 24,65 19,85 28,1 27,49 1,22 1,06 1,31 0,93 0,95 26,77 23,08 24,93 23,06 21,35 0,97 1,13 1,05 1,13 1,22 2,79 3,02 4,18 4,74 4,11 0,37 0,15 1,23 1,14 1,47 21,97 19,49 20,93 18,76 18,32 1,19 1,34 1,25 1,39 1,42 1,68 2,5 2,88 2,25 2,84 121,85 118,42 119,11 122,92 116,54 32,388 9,2 28,30% 0,674 19,27 3,17 16,47% 1,082 Ave STDeV CV 167,7 31,59 18,84% 28,4 8,104295513 28,53% 0,756 0,232744727 30,80% 18,59 3,521529998 18,94% 1,12 154,29 30,42 19,72% STDeV CV STDeV CV Agereed for RRT ambient temperature -2 C . -7 C < -7 C . -15 C < -15 C -21 C < -21 C snow temperature -4 C . -9 C < -9 C . -15 C < -15 C -21 C < -21 C encouraged number of results* 2 *= number of braking tests Segment 1 Segment 2 Segment 3 Segment 4 mandatory 2 mandatory 2 encouraged 2

7. SNOW test campaign SNOW test campaign Analysis of test results: variation of SRTTs acceleration distance 1. High Coefficient of Variation coefficient (Std Dev.) of the current SRTTs confirmed low reproducibility 2. New Design C3 SRTTs (both 19.5 and 22.5) shows higher stability, with lower coefficient of variations improved reproducibility 3. New Design C3 SRTTs perform much better than current C3 SRTTs correlation factor to be introduced in the regulation when test is performed vs new design C3 SRTTs (see following pages) Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 7 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

8. SNOW test campaign SNOW test campaign Analysis of test results: equivalence of the new design SRTTs (19.5 and 22.5) Current SRTTs New SRTTs Statistically the New SRTT 22.5 and New SRTT 19.5 are equivalent in their performance (the 2 sizes show very similar average distance/acceleration) Confirmed possibility of using both new SRTTs (19.5 and 22.5) as reference tyre irrespective of the size of candidate tyre Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 8 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

9. SNOW test campaign SNOW test campaign Proposed approach: correlation Factor Similar approach used to manage the SRTT14 discontinuation and its replacement with SRTT16 (ref. UN Reg117.02 Supplement 13): Keep the existing threshold (1,25 vs existing SRTT) Apply a correlation factor (fixed by regulation) when test is performed vs new designed C3 SRTTs Correlation factor can be established by the analysis of the snow test campaign, considering - the equivalence of the 2 SRTTs - that vast majority of the C3-tyre sizes are tested vs. the SRTT 22.5 - the worst cases testing (regulatory change can be managed by a supplement of UN R117) ????????? ??????? ????= ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????= ??? ????= 1.67 ????????? SGcurrent SGnew 1,67 candidate New SRTT Current SRTT snow grip index of candidate vs. SRTT current snow grip index of candidate vs. SRTT new correlation factor fixed by regulation = new vs. current weighted ave. acceleration of candidate tire weighted ave. acceleration of new SRTT weighted ave. acceleration of current SRTT Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 9 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

10. WET grip test campaign WET grip test campaign Target - Confirm the stability of new C3 design SRTT also for WET performance - Assess whether a correlation factor needs to be introduced also for WGI test Rear Axle fitment: Max mass associated with the load capacity index of the tyre Qr [kg] Inflation pressure marked on the sidewall Pr [kPa] Max mass associated with the load capacity index of the tyre Qr [kg] Inflation pressure marked on the sidewall Pr [kPa] DOT week code of the reference tyre Inflation Pressure Pt (Front) [kPa] Inflation Pressure Pt (Front) [kPa] DOT week code (candidate) Axle Load per axle (Front) [kg] Load per axle (Rear) [kg] Load per axle (Front) [kg] Load per axle (Rear) [kg] Temperature wet surface (candidate) Air Track mu peak SRTT16'' BPN (for reference only) Braking BFC reference (Ra) braking BFC candidate (Ta) Overview Candidate tyre Water depth [mm] Vehicle model configuration (1,2,3) Rim Size Rim Size Temperature (candidate) MTD CoV WGI Single (2 tyres) or Dual (4 tyres) 0518 0518 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 5016 4218 5016 4218 0618 4218 0618 4218 0618 4218 0618 4218 4218 4816 4816 4816 4816 4816 3619 3619 4218 4218 4218 3519 3117 4218 3920 3920 3920 3920 3920 3920 3417 4218 3920 3920 5116 3417 C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3N new C3W new C3N new C3N old C3N new C3N new C3W new C3W new C3N old C3N new C3W new C3N new C3N old C3N new C3N new C3W new C3W new C3W new C3N new 0518 0518 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 0519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3519 3419 3419 3419 3419 3419 3419 3419 3419 3519 3419 4218 3419 3419 3519 3619 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 4918 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 3419 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 3619 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 3419 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 4918 Mercedes Actros 18.53, 1999 3419 ATEGO 1229 3419 ATEGO 1229 3519 ACTROS1848 3519 ACTROS1848 3519 DB Arocs 1848 3419 DB Atego 1227 RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI RENAULT 450DXI ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1851L ACTROS 1854 ACTROS 1854 ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L ATEGO 1330L HINO-RANGER ISUZU-GIGA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single Single 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 3750 2240 3750 3750 2240 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 2240 2240 3750 3750 3750 2240 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 760 900 760 900 900 760 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 TBC TBC TBC TBC 900 760 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 5800 5800 3300 4200 4200 4200 3300 4200 3300 4200 4480 4480 4480 4480 2784 5228 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 3488 3600 5714 5640 6420 4200 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 5800 5800 3300 4200 4200 4200 3300 4200 3300 4200 4480 4480 4480 4480 3162 5334 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 3283 3640 5455 5600 5920 3900 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 653 653 785 785 653 653 785 785 653 653 653 653 532 701 701 701 532 701 532 701 630 760 630 630 532 630 630 630 630 630 630 630 600 640 640 630 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 9.0x22.5 6.75x19.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 19.5x6.75 22.5x9.00 9.00 x 22.5 9.00 x 22.5 9.00 x 22.5 9.00 x 22.5 9.00 x 22.5 9.00 x 22.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.6 9.0x22.5 7.5x19.5 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 3750 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 2240 3750 2240 2240 2240 2240 3750 3750 2240 2240 3750 2240 2240 2240 2240 3750 3750 3750 2240 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 900 825 825 825 825 825 825 825 825 900 825 760 825 825 900 900 760 825 900 825 760 TBC TBC TBC TBC 900 760 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 6320 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 5800 5800 3300 4200 4200 4200 3300 4200 3300 4200 4480 4480 4480 4480 2784 5228 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 3488 3600 5714 5640 6420 4200 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 6356 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 6720 6720 5800 5800 5800 5800 3300 4200 4200 4200 3300 4200 3300 4200 4480 4480 4480 4480 3162 5334 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 4400 3283 3640 5455 5600 5920 3900 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 653 653 785 785 653 653 785 785 653 653 653 653 532 701 701 701 532 701 578 761 630 760 760 760 578 630 630 743 807 630 807 743 600 640 640 630 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 22.5 x 9 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 9.0x22.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 6.75x19.5 19.5x6.75 22.5x9.00 9.00 x 22.5 7.50 x 19.5 7.50 x 19.5 9.00 x 22.5 7.50 x 19.5 7.50 x 19.5 7.5x19.5 7.5x19.5 9.0x22.5 9.0x22.6 9.0x22.5 7.5x19.5 11 7 13 13 13 13 17 17 15 15 16 16 15 15 5.2 5.2 6.1 6.1 10.2 10.2 10.3 10.3 16.1 16.1 16.8 16.8 5.6 6.9 8.2 10.1 19.0 20.7 21.6 19.8 19.8 20.2 19.1 20.2 24.9 30.4 25.2 25.9 26.5 18.6 19.0 20.3 26.1 29.7 31.7 31.3 16.0 29.9 14 10 12 12 11 11 18 18 13 13 16 16 17 17 6.4 6.4 6.1 6.1 7.0 7.0 11.8 11.8 22.3 22.3 15.5 15.5 6.7 6.2 8.2 13.1 18.8 17.4 26 17.4 24.3 23.5 21.8 23.5 22.2 26.1 22.0 23.0 24.0 17.0 17.0 19.0 22.4 25 23.8 27.8 15.2 19.4 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.61 0.61 57 54 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 0.409 0.418 0.448 0.438 0.422 0.416 0.441 0.448 0.440 0.443 0.452 0.449 0.440 0.442 0.448 0.481 0.450 0.481 0.502 0.526 0.478 0.496 0.467 0.488 0.472 0.503 0.452 0.473 0.473 0.478 0.412 0.420 0.382 0.390 0.443 0.454 0.442 0.446 0.533 0.464 0.487 0.487 0.486 0.488 0.487 0.487 0.520 0.530 0.570 0.515 0.409 0.404 0.411 0.422 0.465 0.444 0.421 0.418 0.446 0.457 0.449 0.452 0.456 0.455 0.457 0.457 0.473 0.475 0.472 0.470 0.514 0.514 0.507 0.506 0.484 0.484 0.497 0.500 0.494 0.490 0.495 0.501 0.443 0.429 0.382 0.400 0.449 0.444 0.456 0.444 5.650 5.220 0.486 0.482 0.488 0.488 0.482 0.480 0.554 0.530 0.574 0.537 0.440 0.426 2.0% 1.6% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 2.1% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 2.7% 2.7% 2.7% 2.7% 0.9% 0.9% 0.5% 0.5% 1.6% 1.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.8% 0.8% 1.1% 1.3% 0.9% 1.1% 2.5% 0.8% 1.8% 1.4% 0.7% 0.8% 0.6% 0.8% 1.6% 2.0% 0.44% 0.61% 0.40% 0.31% 0.34% 0.32% 1.8% 0.7% 1.3% 1.5% 1.7% 1.6% 1.00 0.99 1.04 1.01 1.00 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.02 1.02 1.01 1.01 1.04 1.03 1.06 0.99 1.05 0.98 1.02 0.98 1.06 1.02 1.03 0.99 1.05 0.99 1.09 1.04 1.05 1.05 1.07 1.02 1.00 1.03 1.01 0.98 1.03 1.00 1.05 1.12 1.00 0.99 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.99 1.07 1.00 1.00 1.04 1.08 1.05 3 years testing 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.85 0.85 0.85 - - 0.808 0.808 0.808 0.808 0.808 0.808 - - - - 0.76 0.76 Different conditions (temp., track friction, vehicle) 9 testing companies / locations 55 55 53.1 53.1 53.1 53.1 53.1 53.1 55 57 55 57 51 51 More than 70 tests results 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.90 740/670 700/640 740/670 700/640 Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 10 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

11. WET grip test campaign WET grip test campaign Analysis of test results CURRENT SRTT (Average BFC or mu-peak) NEW DESIGNED SRTT (Average BFC or mu peak) C3 New SRTT WGI (%) Method Average Stdev CoV Average Stdev CoV Average Stdev CoV 1.04 VEHICLE 0.456 0.052 11.4% 0.473 0.058 12.1% 0.03 3.2% SRTT19.5 1.02 TRAILER 0.652 0.108 16.5% 0.662 0.111 16.7% 0.01 0.5% 1.02 VEHICLE 0.463 0.036 7.7% 0.473 0.036 7.7% 0.03 3.0% SRTT22.5 1.01 TRAILER 0.620 0.099 16.0% 0.625 0.081 12.9% 0.04 4.1% 1. Coefficient of variation of Current C3 SRTT and New Design C3 SRTTs (BFC or mu) are similar wet is comparable stability on 2. Differently from Snow case, Current and New SRTTs are not so distant in terms of wet performance; the available data show anyhow a slight improvement of new design SRTTs Same as snow case, based on the data collected so far, statistically the New SRTT 22.5 and New SRTT 19.5 are equivalent (comparable average deceleration/mu peak) Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 11 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

12. WET grip test campaign WET grip test campaign Proposed approach: unique correlation Factor Same approach proposed to manage the Snow case: Keep the existing thresholds (vs current SRTT) Apply a correlation factor (fixed by regulation) when test is performed vs new design C3 SRTTs: Correlation factor can be established by the analysis of the WGI test campaign results, considering: - the equivalence of the 2 SRTTs (19.5 and 22.5) - the worst cases testing (regulatory change can be managed by a supplement of UN R117) Proposed correction factor is 1.04 for both 19.5 & 22.5, for both trailer and vehicle methods ????????? ??????? ????= ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????= ??? ????= 1.04 ?????????? WGIcurrent WGInew 1,04 candidate New SRTT Current SRTT wet grip index of candidate vs. SRTT current wet grip index of candidate vs. SRTT new correlation factor fixed by regulation= new vs. current BFC/mu of candidate tire BFC/mu of new SRTT BFC/mu of current SRTT Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 12 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

13. WET grip test campaign WET grip test campaign Additional topics under investigation at ETRTO a) possibility of using both new SRTTs (19.5 and 22.5) as reference tyre irrespective of the size of candidate tyre Same as snow case, based on the data collected so far, statistically the SRTT 22.5 and SRTT 19.5 are equivalent (very similar average decel./mu peak) b) possibility to improve the track friction range definition for C2&C3 WGI test method Ref. to appendix for preliminary information Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 13 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

14. Timeline for introducing new C3 SRTTs Timeline for introducing new C3 SRTT s Ready for serial production ASTM approval cycle final design Prototype design 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Entry into Force * (incl. transition provisions) informal document for GRBP GRBP ETRTO Test Campaigns snow and wet grip Update in the revision of ISO 18106 (36 months) Update ISO 15222 * Transitional provisions to be introduced: usage of both current & new C3 SRTTs allowed for a certain period Harmonization with other standards / regulations to be granted Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 14 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

15. Thank You Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization C3_SRTT_New_Design 15 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

16. SRTT C3N or C3W usage for WGI REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Differently from Snow test, SRTTs C3N and C3W are currently not interchangeable for WGI test: choice depends on the section width of the candidate burden for testing (possibility to fit SRTT and candidate under the same vehicle) ETRTO TASK Investigating if and how this constrain can be eliminated ETRTO DIRECTION Fix a shift factor by regulation to switch from one SRTT to the other SRTT (e.g. performance ratio C3W vs C3N) ????????? ?3? ?3? ?3? ????????? (*) ????3?= = = [? ??? ??????] ????3? ?3? Preliminary results show no significant difference between C3N and C3W (Shift factor = 1?) analysis ongoing (*) Concept already present in regulation (when SRTT and candidate cannot be fitted under the same vehicle and other SRTT is used as bridge ), but defined at local level and to be checked periodically Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 16 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

17. C2 & C3 track friction ranges REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Not only C1, but also C2&C3 tracks friction ranges are today defined using C1 SRTT16 -peak values on trailer Logistic constrains (C1 trailer needed, not easy to drive with the trailer on the C2-C3 tracks braking lines) Class Trailer method Vehicle method C1 peak C1 SRTT16 [0.65-0.90] BFC C1 SRTT16 [0.57-0.79] C2&C3 peak C1 SRTT16 [0.65-0.90] ETRTO is considering how to improve the current C2&C3 track friction range definition Trailer method Vehicle method ETRTO DIRECTION C2 track to be defined using C2 SRTT16C C3 track to be defined using the C3 SRTT (C3N or C3W) Use -peak for trailer method and average deceleration (BFC) for vehicle method Transition period to be considered peak C1 SRTT16 [0.65-0.90] BFC C1 SRTT16 [0.57-0.79] C1 peak C2 SRTT16C [xx,xx] BFC C2 SRTT16C [xx,xx] C2 peak C3 SRTT [xx,xx] BFC C3 SRTT [xx, xxx] C3 Saturday, April 6, 2024 The European Tyre and Rim Technical Organization 17 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

18. New C3 SRTTs Harmonization with other Standards / Regulations (1/2) Country Regulation Test method(s) SRTT22.5 SRTT19.5 Remarks R109.00.10 Snow performance ASTM F2870-16 ASTM F2871-16 UN R117.02.15 Wet grip, snow performance ASTM F2870-16 ASTM F2871-16 UN R117.03.01 Wet grip, snow performance ASTM F2870-16 ASTM F2871-16 UN R117.04.00 Wet grip, snow performance ASTM F2870-16 ASTM F2871-16 UN 2020/740 Wet grip, snow performance through reference to UN R117 EU GSO ECE 117:2016 Wet grip ASTM F2870-11 ASTM F2871-11 GCC Saudi Arabia Reference to SASO GSO ECE 117 and SASO GSO ISO 15222 SASO2857:2016 Wet grip INMETRO 379/2021 Through reference to ISO 15222:2011 and UN R117, Annex 5 Wet grip Brazil USTMA TISB No. 50, Vol 3. Test method refers to ISO 18106:2016; References to ASTM are undated Snow performance ASTM F2870 ASTM F2871 USA 18 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General

19. New C3 SRTTs Harmonization with other Standards / Regulations (2/2) Country Regulation Test method(s) SRTT22.5 SRTT19.5 Remarks 315/70R22.5 154/150L, 245/70R19.5 136/134M conforming to requirements of relevant Chinese associations ( ASTM F2870, ASTM F2871 are not referenced, since there are corresponding standards in China ) T-CMA-HG 012- 2016 T-CMA-HG 011- 2017 GB/T 35163-2017 Wet grip China T-CMA-HG 012- 2016 T-CMA-HG 011- 2017 China GB/T 33830-2017 Snow grip AIS-142 (2019) Wet grip, snow performance India ASTM F2870-11 ASTM F2871-11 Energy Efficiency Reg. Wet grip Korea ASTM F2870 ASTM F2871 References are undated TIS2721:2560 Wet grip, snow performance Thailand ASTM F2870-11 ASTM F2871-11 15222:2021 Wet grip ISO ASTM F2870 ASTM F2871 References are undated 18106:2016 Snow performance ISO ASTM F2870 ASTM F2871 References are undated 19 May contain confidential and/or proprietary information. May not be copied or disseminated without the express written consent of ETRTO Secretary General