Energy Indicators and Their Significance in Environmental Analysis
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ESCM Chapter 7
Martin Howley
Overview
•
Background
•
Responses
•
Outline
•
Issues
•
Emissions
•
Decomposition analysis
Background
•
Indicators not merely data
•
provide a deeper understanding of the main
issues and to highlight important relations that are
not evident using basic statistics
•
Good indicator has a clear objective on what it’s
supposed to measure
•
Coherence between the energy aspect and the
activity
•
International comparability
Background
•
Existing and forthcoming publications
–
UN Sustainability Indicators
–
ODYSSEE Energy Indicators
–
IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators
–
MESH
Background – types of indicators
•
Econometric indicators – energy intensity
•
Physical indicators – energy per tonne, sq metre,
passenger km, tonne km, etc
•
Efficiency indicator – decomposition analysis
•
Environmental indicator – energy-related
emission per capita, GDP, kWh etc
•
Indirect indicator – motorization rate, appliance
label shares, etc
•
Composite – ODEX
•
Price – cost per energy unit
Background - Responses
•
Focus energy indicators
•
Special focus on energy intensity. However,
intensity is a very misleading indicator for energy
efficiency. Need to explain why intensity should
not be used for energy efficiency.
•
Not sure about if the distance travelled per capita
is a good example.
•
Energy use per capita
. A need to define what
use
covers.
Background - Responses
•
Efficiency of energy conversion
•
Industrial energy intensities: There is a need to
add energy consumption per tonne of production
(cement, iron and still, etc.). It is often more
meaningful than intensity.
•
Not sure about useful is Agricultural energy
intensities are really meaningful. They are so
dependent on so many factors.
Background - Responses
•
Scope
–
to identify usages for public policies of such
information: national development plans
(including sustainable energy development),
and international conventions and protocols.
–
the relevant processes and activities related to
production and consumption of energy for the
calculation of greenhouse gas emissions
Background - Responses
•
Energy-related greenhouse gas
emissions:
Emission factors used (if national
factors are used, how are they derived?). Some
emissions such at nitrous oxides (NO
x
) depend
on how it’s consumed in terms of the technology,
load factor, etc.
•
The choice of the set of indicators compiled by a
country should consider the sustainable
development approach, according to its three
dimensions: social, economic and environment,
as well as according to theme and sub - theme
Outline
•
Introduction
•
What is a ‘good indicator’
•
Types of Indicators
•
Data Sources
•
National Indicators
–
Energy intensity
–
Energy per capita
Outline
•
Sectoral Indictors
•
Energy Efficiency versus Energy Intensity
Issues
•
Climate correction
•
Energy Intensity versus Energy Efficiency
•
Monetary value – constant values (real)
Issues – Climate correction
Issues – Intensity v Efficiency
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
•
IPCCC
•
Emission Factors
•
CO
2
NO
x
SO
x
, methane etc
•
Emissions trading v non-trading (EU)
•
Emissions Indicators
Decomposition analysis
•
Disaggregate energy consumption, emissions
into component parts
•
Changes in consumption related to changes in
component activity
Decomposition analysis
ESCM Chapter 7
Thank you.
Exploring the importance of energy indicators in environmental analysis, this content delves into various types of indicators, such as econometric, physical, and efficiency indicators. It highlights the need for clear objectives in measurement and coherence between energy aspects and activities. Additionally, it emphasizes the limitations of using intensity as a sole indicator for energy efficiency and suggests alternative metrics for a more comprehensive analysis.
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Presentation Transcript
ESCM Chapter 7 Martin Howley
Overview Background Responses Outline Issues Emissions Decomposition analysis
Background Indicators not merely data provide a deeper understanding of the main issues and to highlight important relations that are not evident using basic statistics Good indicator has a clear objective on what it s supposed to measure Coherence between the energy aspect and the activity International comparability
Background Existing and forthcoming publications UN Sustainability Indicators ODYSSEE Energy Indicators IEA Energy Efficiency Indicators MESH
Background types of indicators Econometric indicators energy intensity Physical indicators energy per tonne, sq metre, passenger km, tonne km, etc Efficiency indicator decomposition analysis Environmental indicator energy-related emission per capita, GDP, kWh etc Indirect indicator motorization rate, appliance label shares, etc Composite ODEX Price cost per energy unit
Background - Responses Focus energy indicators Special focus on energy intensity. However, intensity is a very misleading indicator for energy efficiency. Need to explain why intensity should not be used for energy efficiency. Not sure about if the distance travelled per capita is a good example. Energy use per capita. A need to define what use covers.
Background - Responses Efficiency of energy conversion Industrial energy intensities: There is a need to add energy consumption per tonne of production (cement, iron and still, etc.). It is often more meaningful than intensity. Not sure about useful is Agricultural energy intensities are really meaningful. They are so dependent on so many factors.
Background - Responses Scope to identify usages for public policies of such information: national development plans (including sustainable energy development), and international conventions and protocols. the relevant processes and activities related to production and consumption of energy for the calculation of greenhouse gas emissions
Background - Responses Energy-related greenhouse gas emissions: Emission factors used (if national factors are used, how are they derived?). Some emissions such at nitrous oxides (NOx) depend on how it s consumed in terms of the technology, load factor, etc. The choice of the set of indicators compiled by a country should consider the sustainable development approach, according to its three dimensions: social, economic and environment, as well as according to theme and sub - theme
Outline Introduction What is a good indicator Types of Indicators Data Sources National Indicators Energy intensity Energy per capita
Outline Sectoral Indictors Energy Efficiency versus Energy Intensity
Issues Climate correction Energy Intensity versus Energy Efficiency Monetary value constant values (real)
Greenhouse Gas Emissions IPCCC Emission Factors CO2 NOx SOx, methane etc Emissions trading v non-trading (EU) Emissions Indicators
Decomposition analysis Disaggregate energy consumption, emissions into component parts Changes in consumption related to changes in component activity
