Emerging and Re-emerging Zoonoses

Zoonoses, both emerging and re-emerging, pose significant challenges to public health. This content discusses the definitions and examples of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses, highlighting the categories of their emergence. It also explores global examples of infectious diseases and specific viral, bacterial, and parasitic diseases. Furthermore, the factors contributing to the emergence and re-emergence of diseases, including genetic modifications and drug resistance, are examined. The content also delves into occupational zoonoses, emphasizing the transmission of diseases between humans and animals in occupational settings.

• Zoonoses
• Emerging Diseases
• Infectious Diseases
• Public Health
• Occupational Health

medidoc Follow

Uploaded on Feb 12, 2025 | 0 Views

Download Presentation

Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.

The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.

Presentation Transcript

1. Emerging, Re-emerging and Occupational Zoonoses

2. Definition Emerging Zoonoses According to the WHO emerging zoonoses is "a zoonosis that is newly recognized or newly evolved, or that has occurred previously but shows an increase in incidence or expansion in geographical, host or vector range Re-emerging Zoonoses A re-emerging disease is considered an already known disease that either shifts its Geographical setting or expands its host range, or significantly increases its prevalence.

3. Emergence and re-emergence of zoonotic diseases may be any one of the following categories A known agent appearing in a new geographic area. A known agent appearing in a unsusceptible species. A previously unknown agent detected for the first time. 180 175 160 1600 140 132 1415 1400 120 1200 Series1 100 1000 80 Series1 868 800 60 600 40 400 20 200 0 Emerging human pathogens Emerging zoonotic 0 Total human pathogens known Total human pathogens known Zoonotic Emerging human pathogens

4. Global Examples of Emerging & Reemerging infectious diseases *Emergence of COVID-19 (December, 2019, China), Pandemic in 170 Count. (NIH, 2015)

5. Viral Diseases Bacterial Diseases Parasitic Diseases Nontyphoid strains of Salmonella COVID-19 Alveolar Echinococcosis Cryptosporidiosis Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme borreliosis) Ehrlichia and Anaplasma spp. (Ehrlichiosis), Mycobacteria paratuberculosis (Johne s/ Chronne s disease), Francisella tularensis (Tularemia) Ebola Virus Disease Nipah virus Avian influenza, Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE), Rift Valley fever, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Monkeypox Orphan viruses such as Enteroviruses Myxoviruses, Herpesviruses Bartonella spp. (Bartonellosis) Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (Bloody diarrhoea) Campylobacter spp

6. Emergence and Re-Emergence of diseases: Broad factor

7. Emergence and Re-Emergence of diseases: Factors AGENT H5N1/ H1N1 EBOLA Genetic Modification Drug COVID-19 Hanta virus Resistance MDR TB BSE

8. Occupational Zoonoses Disease and infections that are transmitted in nature between man and animals on account of their occupation Examples: Anthrax, Brucellosis, Leptospirosis, Q fever etc. WHO Expert Committee on Bacterial and Viral Zoonoses (1982) categorized the occupational groups in seven categories depending upon the type of exposure

9. 1. Agricultural e.g. Anthrax, Brucellosis 2. Animal product manufacturers e.g. Tularemia 3. Sylvan and Campestral e.g. Rabies, KFD 4. Recreational e.g. Psittacosis, campylobacteriosis 5. Clinical/Laboratory e.g Brucellosis, TB 6. Epidemiological e.g. Plaque, JE, Yellow fever 7. Emergency e.g. Leptospirosis