Efficient Management of Pigs by Dr. Ravikant Nirala
Pigs are remarkable animals known for their efficiency in converting feed, making them valuable in meat production. Dr. Ravikant Nirala sheds light on the evolution of pig farming in India, moving towards semi-commercial ventures. Pigs, highly social and intelligent creatures, have been historically significant in various aspects, including research and truffle hunting. Understanding their biology and behavior is crucial for successful pig management.
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. Topic : Management of pig Dr. Ravikant Nirala
Introduction Pig is one of the most efficient feed converting animal. Litter bearing animal among meat producing livestock having the shortest generation interval In India raising of pig fell to the poor and downtrodden. It is changing from that of a zero input enterprise to that of a semi-commercial one.
A pig like all Suids, are native to the Eurasian and African continents. The pygmy hog of Asia and the warthog of Africa are from same genus. Pigs are highly social and intelligent animals.
The domestic pig is among the most populous large mammals in the world. Pigs are omnivores and can consume a wide range of food. Pigs are biologically similar to humans and are thus frequently used for human medical research. A typical pig has a large head with a long snout that is strengthened by a special prenasal bone and by a disk of cartilage at the tip.
The snout is used to dig into the soil to find food and is a very acute sense organ. There are four hoofed toes on each foot, with the two larger central toes bearing most of the weight, but the outer two also being used in soft ground. Dental formula of adult pig is 3.1.4.3/3.1.4.3, giving a total of 44 teeths.
The rear teeth are adapted for crushing. In the male, the canine teeth form tusks, which grow continuously and are sharpened by constantly being ground against each other. It is estimated that 50% of piglet fatalities are due to the mother attacking, or unintentionally crushing, the newborn pre-weaned animals. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) can take advantage of any forage resources. Therefore, they can live in virtually any productive habitat that can provide enough water to sustain large mammals such as pigs.
Domestic pigs are raised commercially as livestock; materials that are garnered include Meat as pork, leather, bristly hairs which are used to make paintbrushes. Because of their foraging abilities and excellent sense of smell, they are used to find truffles in many European countries. Both wild and commonly hunted. feral pigs are
Position in Animal kingdom Kingdom: Phylum: Class: Order: Family: Genus: Species: An even-toed ungulate mammals Animalia Chordata Mammalia Artiodactyla Suidae Sus Sus scrofa Sus vittatus Sus domesticus
Common terminology associated with Swine Species: swine or Sus Adult male: Boar Adult female: Sow Young male: Boarling Young female: Gilt New born Young: Piglet Gestation period: 114 days Age of Maturity: 6-8 months Estrous length: 21 days Estrous Period: 2 to 3 days Volume of Semen: 250 -400 ml Castrated male: Hog, Stag or Castrated female: Spayed Female with offspring: Suckling Act of Parturition: Farrowing Act of mating: Coupling Sound: Meat of Swine: Dressing %: 65-80% Fat of swine: Lard FCR: barrow Grunting Pork 3: 1
The country is having 12.80 Millions of which 21.80 lakhs were crossbred/ exotic pigs (livestock census 2007) Uttar Pradesh has the largest pig production (2.9 million), Followed by Assam (1.9 million), Bihar (1.1 million), and West- Bengal (0.96 million). The North-Eastern states, pig population of about 3.8 millions.
CHESTER WHITE Developed in PA. Drooped ears Known for mothering ability
