Avoiding Comma Splices and Starting Sentences with "Because

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Learn about common writing errors such as comma splices and how to start sentences with "because" correctly. Discover the difference between fragments and complete sentences when using "because." Explore examples and solutions to fix comma splices and improve the clarity and coherence of your writing.

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Starting a Sentence with Because You can start a sentence with because, as long as you make sure to fully complete the sentence. One clause beginning with the word because does not constitute a sentence.

Starting a Sentence with Because These are fragments: X Because the newspapers reported it. X Because the river ran dry.

Starting a Sentence with Because You can start a sentence with because if you follow it with a complete independent clause.

Starting a Sentence with Because These are complete sentences: Because the newspapers reported it, the neighbors believed it. Because the river ran dry, the dam would no longer provide electricity.

Comma Splices Comma Splices A comma splice is a type of run- on whereby two independent clauses or complete sentences are incorrectly joined by a comma.

Comma Splices Example Today I am tired, I will take a nap later.

Comma Splices Grammatical Error: This comma splice has two independent clauses or complete sentences joined incorrectly by only a comma.

Comma Splices Reasoning: The first part of the sentence ("Today I am tired") is an independent clause or complete sentence, and the second phrase ("I will take a nap later") is also an independent clause or complete sentence. The two sentences need to be joined by more than just a comma.

Comma Splices There are three ways to correct a comma splice, and they are similar to the three ways of correcting a run-on.

Comma Splices Corrected Example 1. Replace the comma with a period and make two different sentences. Today I am tired. I will take a nap later.

Comma Splices 2. Join the two sentences correctly by adding a coordinate conjunction after the comma. Today I am tired, so I will take a nap later.

Comma Splices 3. Join the two separate sentences correctly by inserting a semi colon (;). Today I am tired; I will take a nap later.

Comma Splices Decide if the following sentences are comma splices or a complete sentences.

Comma Splices 1.) John is always late for work, nobody seems to care. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Comma splice

Comma Splices 2.) Hot summer weather is nice, high temperatures are dangerous for certain people. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Comma Splice

Comma Splices 3.) Emily broke her ankle on the weekend; now she is in a great deal of pain. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Complete sentence

Comma Splices 4.) Driving the car is fast and comfortable, riding the bicycle is better for one's health. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Comma Splice

Comma Splices 5.) When a student likes his class, he is more likely to achieve good grades. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Complete sentence

Comma Splices 6.) James has an interview with the PBS, I might get a job as his assistant. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Comma splice

Comma Splices 7.) After I was paid last week, I was able to do the grocery shopping. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Complete sentence

Comma Splices 8.) Due to the fact that I am so busy this week, I don't have time for my animals. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Complete sentence

Comma Splices 9.) Whenever Janis does not sleep enough, she gets a horrible migraine. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Complete sentence

Comma Splices 10.) The air conditioner is too loud, Cleo can't sleep. a.) Comma splice b.) Complete sentence

Comma Splices Comma splice

Fragments A fragment is an incomplete sentence. It is missing one or more of the following parts: a subject a verb a coherent thought

Fragments Example #1 Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a bird in the middle of the road out in the storm.

Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "while." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.

Fragments Reasoning: This sentence fragment does not tell you what happened when you saw a bird sitting in the middle of the road out in the storm.

Fragments Example #1 (corrected) Yesterday, while I was driving to work and saw a sitting bird in the middle of the road out in the storm, I thought it must have wandered away from its nest.

Fragments Example #2 When I went to the movies last week and I ran into a friend.

Fragments Grammatical Error: This sentence fragment does not contain an independent clause because of the word "when." Therefore, it does not contain a complete thought even though there is a subject and a verb.