A Textual Study of 2 Timothy 4:1-5
A textual study of
2 Timothy 4:1-5
•
Defined
•
“to declare emphatically” by way of admonition
•
Cf. 1 Timothy 5:21; 2 Timothy 2:14
•
Solemn, due to the:
•
Two witnesses – God and Jesus
•
Two incentives – 2
nd
Coming and Kingdom
•
The scene
•
It is like a great ceremony is being pictured
where the old warrior is passing his task on to
his young protégé.
•
Two witnesses –
“in the presence of”
•
Implies God’s authority behind the charge.
•
Proof of it’s importance by who is present.
•
Two incentives –
“and by His”
•
“
Appearing
” – same word used in 1
st
century
when a Roman emperor would visit a town.
•
What preparations would be needed in both cases?
•
“
Kingdom
” – the eternal phase will begin upon
Jesus’ “appearing”.
•
With eternity coming, what must be done till then?
•
“Preach”
•
“To preach, herald, proclaim”
Zodhiates
•
“to publicly announce religious truths and
principles while urging acceptance and
compliance”
Louw-Nida
•
Application
•
God has been specific regarding what is to be
done with His Word –
it must be proclaimed!
•
To use the pulpit for anything but proclaiming the
word is acting without authorization! (Matt. 7:21-23)
•
Application
•
It’s proclamation is intended to prepare men for
Jesus’ return and for life after death (eternity).
•
2 Timothy 3:16-17
•
Therefore, the proclamation must have
application (preacher) and the proclamation
must be applied (listener)!
•
Failure by either has eternal consequences!
•
THE Word not A Word
•
There is but one – Galatians 1:6-9; Ephesians 4:5
•
Galatians 2:5 – Paul refused to yield! Makes sense if
there is only one!
•
Textual synonyms for “the word”
•
Vs. 3 - “sound doctrine”
•
Vs. 4 - “truth”
•
If there is only one word, there can be only one
sound doctrine and one truth!
•
The Timing
•
“be ready in season and out of season” vs. 2
•
The Technique
•
“reprove, rebuke, exhort, with great patience
and instruction” vs. 2
•
The Tragedy
•
“for the time will come when they will not
endure sound doctrine” vs. 3-4
•
The Temperament
•
“be sober…endure hardship…do the work…fulfill
your ministry” vs. 5
•
The Timing
•
“be ready” vs. 2
•
“instant” (KJ); “urgent” (ASV); “persist” (HCSB)
•
“to stand by, to be at hand, pressing, earnest”
Thayer
•
The Timing
•
“in season and out of season” vs. 2
•
“whether convenient or not” (HCSB)
•
“opportune, convenient”
Zodhiates
•
“pertaining to being a favorable occasion for some
event - 'favorable, good.’” AND “pertaining to the
lack of a favorable opportunity for doing something -
'unfavorable, when the time is not right.‘
Louw-Nida
•
The Timing
•
Question
•
Convenient, favorable, opportune for whom, the
preacher or the audience? Subjective or objective?
•
Consider the possibility of both
•
Timothy must be ready to preach regardless of the
attitude of the audience.
•
Timothy must be ready to preach whether
personally convenient for him or not.
•
1 Timothy 4:14-16
•
The Technique
•
“Reprove”
•
“Rebuke”
•
“Exhort”
•
“with great patience”
•
“and instruction”
•
The Technique
•
“Reprove”
•
“to convict, to show to be wrong…by implication, to
reprove, rebuke, admonish”
Zodhiates
•
“to state that someone has done wrong, with the
implication that there is adequate proof of such
wrongdoing”
Louw-Nida
•
The Technique
•
“Rebuke”
•
“to express strong disapproval of someone - 'to
rebuke, to denounce.’”
Louw-Nida
•
“Exhort”
•
“to admonish, exhort, to urge one to pursue some
course of conduct”
Vine
•
To call upon someone to do something, to exhort,
admonish”
Zodhiates
•
The Technique
•
Biblical preaching is not a feel good pep talk!
•
Biblical preaching is not designed to make you,
necessarily, feel
good
about yourself.
•
Biblical preaching is designed to make you feel
guilty
,
if you are in sin!
•
Biblical preaching is designed to make you
grow
in
righteousness.
•
Not all biblical preaching can be done with a smile on
your face. (cf. Joel Osteen)
•
The Technique
•
Biblical preaching hits where it hurts!
(“negative”)
•
Sins are exposed.
•
Behaviors are denounced.
•
Sinners are convicted.
•
Biblical preaching is a call to action!
(“positive”)
•
Pleading, urging, admonishing to do what is right!
•
The Technique
•
“with great
patience
”
•
“Forbearance, long-suffering, self-restraint before
proceeding to action.”
Zodhiates
•
“a state of emotional calm in the face of provocation
or misfortune and without complaint or irritation.”
Louw-Nida
•
“The listeners may be slow to learn, or provocative in
their refusal of the message, but the preacher must
patiently put up with people who so need what he
has to offer and don’t even realize their need.”
Gareth L. Reese
•
The Technique
•
Biblical preachers will often be attacked and
maligned!
•
Biblical preachers, in the face of attack, remain
patient in demeanor.
•
Biblical preachers, in the face of attack, remain
constant in their teaching.
•
The Tragedy
•
“the time will come”
•
“they will not endure sound doctrine”
•
“but wanting to have their ears tickled”
•
“they will accumulate for themselves teachers”
•
“in accordance with their own desires”
•
“will turn away…from the truth”
•
“will turn…to myths”
•
The Tragedy
•
“they will not endure sound doctrine”
•
Wrong attitude
•
“to bear with”
Thayer
•
“to admit, receive, i.e., to listen to”
Zodhiates
•
“but wanting to have their ears tickled”
•
Wrong desire
•
“to have itching ears, to desire to hear what one wants to hear,
to be desirous of hearing.” Louw-Nida
•
“they will accumulate for themselves teachers”
•
Wrong teachers
•
“to heap up, to accumulate in piles” - Thayer
•
The Tragedy
•
“in accordance with their own desires”
•
Wrong motivation
•
“to suit their own passions” ESV
•
“will turn away…from the truth”
•
Wrong response
•
“to cease doing something, with the implication of rejection - 'to
stop, to cease, to reject.‘” Louw-Nida
•
“will turn…to myths”
•
Wrong source
•
Commonly rendered as a tale or a fable or that which is
fabricated by the mind in contrast to reality.
•
The Tragedy
•
Paul knew “the time will come” because he could
see all these items were currently available.
•
Timothy, most likely in Ephesus now
•
2 Timothy 4:19; cf. Acts 18:18-19, 24, 26; 2 Tim. 1:18
•
Paul had already told Timothy to give a warning
regarding teachers and myths
•
1 Timothy 1:3-4
•
Unfortunately, it was only a matter of time.
•
The Tragedy
•
Do I REALLY want the truth?!
•
Do I REALLY want that which will rebuke me, convict
me, and challenge me to grow?!
•
Is my desire, for the truth, the whole truth and
nothing but the truth?!
•
The Tragedy
•
If not, make no mistake:
•
you WILL be deceived! – 2 Timothy 4:4
•
you WILL be deluded! – 2 Thessalonians 2:10-11
•
you WILL be destroyed! – 2 Thess. 2:10; Rom. 1:18, 25
•
“Buy truth and do not sell it”
•
Proverbs 23:23
•
The Temperament
•
“be sober in all things”
•
“to be calm and collected in spirit; to be temperate,
dispassionate, circumspect” Thayer
•
“endure hardship”
•
“to suffer distress, to suffer pain, suffering hardship”
Louw-Nida
•
The Temperament
•
“do the work of an evangelist”
•
“lit., ‘a messenger of good’” Vine
•
“one who announces the gospel” Louw-Nida
•
“fulfill your ministry”
•
to fully accomplish one's task - 'to perform one's
complete duty, to finish fully one's task, to accomplish
satisfactorily.‘” Louw-Nida
•
The Temperament
•
“In rendering 'endure suffering,' one must often
expand somewhat the number of lexical items in
order to convey the correct meaning, for example,
‘continue doing what you should even though you
are suffering’ or ‘remain firm even though people
cause you suffering.’”
Louw-Nida
•
The Temperament
•
When you preach a message which reproves,
rebukes and exhorts:
•
some will get angry!
•
you will suffer hardship!
•
The hardship and affliction which comes a result
of preaching the word should not have an impact
upon the message which is proclaimed!
•
The charge to preach is solemn due to the
two witnesses and the two incentives.
•
God wants His Word publically proclaimed.
•
We preach THE word not A word.
•
In preaching the word we have seen the:
•
Timing
•
Technique
•
Tragedy
•
Temperament
•
What is needed from the pulpit
•
God’s Word and God’s Word ONLY!
•
Preaching which reproves, rebukes and exhorts!
•
Preachers who preach when inconvenient, when
suffering hardship and who patiently endure.
•
What is needed from the pew
•
God’s Word and God’s Word ONLY!
•
Preaching which reproves, rebukes and exhorts!
•
Members who love the TRUTH and desire only
to hear, however painful, the TRUTH!
A textual study of
2 Timothy 4:1-5
In this textual study of 2 Timothy 4:1-5, the solemn charge of preaching the Word is emphasized, emphasizing the importance of proclaiming religious truths and principles to prepare for Jesus' return and eternity. The passage highlights the gravity and seriousness of preaching, urging preachers to fulfill their duty with dignity and focus on eternal consequences.
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Presentation Transcript
A textual study of 2 Timothy 4:1-5
2 Timothy 4:1 A Solemn Charge Defined to declare emphatically by way of admonition Cf. 1 Timothy 5:21; 2 Timothy 2:14 Solemn, due to the: Two witnesses God and Jesus Two incentives 2ndComing and Kingdom The scene It is like a great ceremony is being pictured where the old warrior is passing his task on to his young prot g .
2 Timothy 4:1 A Solemn Charge Two witnesses in the presence of Implies God s authority behind the charge. Proof of it s importance by who is present. Two incentives and by His Appearing same word used in 1stcentury when a Roman emperor would visit a town. What preparations would be needed in both cases? Kingdom the eternal phase will begin upon Jesus appearing . With eternity coming, what must be done till then?
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word Preach To preach, herald, proclaim Zodhiates to publicly announce religious truths and principles while urging acceptance and compliance Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word Application God has been specific regarding what is to be done with His Word it must be proclaimed! To use the pulpit for anything but proclaiming the word is acting without authorization! (Matt. 7:21-23)
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word Application It s proclamation is intended to prepare men for Jesus return and for life after death (eternity). 2 Timothy 3:16-17 Therefore, the proclamation must have application (preacher) and the proclamation must be applied (listener)! Failure by either has eternal consequences!
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The lesson to be learned from this is that a pattern for preaching is herein revealed. That pattern involves preaching with dignity and a seriousness that commands the respect of the audience, being commensurate with the fact that preachers are the heralds of the King of kings, and that their message is indeed grave, authoritative, involving the eternal destiny of mankind in heaven or hell. Such preaching precludes pretty little sermonettes designed to please people rather than God, entertaining the audience with anecdotes, political issues, current events, philosophizing, etc. Marshall Patton
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word THE Word not A Word There is but one Galatians 1:6-9; Ephesians 4:5 Galatians 2:5 Paul refused to yield! Makes sense if there is only one! Textual synonyms for the word Vs. 3 - sound doctrine Vs. 4 - truth If there is only one word, there can be only one sound doctrine and one truth!
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Timing be ready in season and out of season vs. 2 The Technique reprove, rebuke, exhort, with great patience and instruction vs. 2 The Tragedy for the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine vs. 3-4 The Temperament be sober endure hardship do the work fulfill your ministry vs. 5
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Timing be ready vs. 2 instant (KJ); urgent (ASV); persist (HCSB) to stand by, to be at hand, pressing, earnest Thayer
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Timing in season and out of season vs. 2 whether convenient or not (HCSB) opportune, convenient Zodhiates pertaining to being a favorable occasion for some event - 'favorable, good. AND pertaining to the lack of a favorable opportunity for doing something - 'unfavorable, when the time is not right. Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Timing Question Convenient, favorable, opportune for whom, the preacher or the audience? Subjective or objective? Consider the possibility of both Timothy must be ready to preach regardless of the attitude of the audience. Timothy must be ready to preach whether personally convenient for him or not. 1 Timothy 4:14-16
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Reprove Rebuke Exhort with great patience and instruction
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Reprove to convict, to show to be wrong by implication, to reprove, rebuke, admonish Zodhiates to state that someone has done wrong, with the implication that there is adequate proof of such wrongdoing Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Rebuke to express strong disapproval of someone - 'to rebuke, to denounce. Louw-Nida Exhort to admonish, exhort, to urge one to pursue some course of conduct Vine To call upon someone to do something, to exhort, admonish Zodhiates
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Biblical preaching is not a feel good pep talk! Biblical preaching is not designed to make you, necessarily, feel good about yourself. Biblical preaching is designed to make you feel guilty, if you are in sin! Biblical preaching is designed to make you grow in righteousness. Not all biblical preaching can be done with a smile on your face. (cf. Joel Osteen)
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Biblical preaching hits where it hurts! ( negative ) Sins are exposed. Behaviors are denounced. Sinners are convicted. Biblical preaching is a call to action! ( positive ) Pleading, urging, admonishing to do what is right!
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique with great patience Forbearance, long-suffering, self-restraint before proceeding to action. Zodhiates a state of emotional calm in the face of provocation or misfortune and without complaint or irritation. Louw-Nida The listeners may be slow to learn, or provocative in their refusal of the message, but the preacher must patiently put up with people who so need what he has to offer and don t even realize their need. Gareth L. Reese
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Technique Biblical preachers will often be attacked and maligned! Biblical preachers, in the face of attack, remain patient in demeanor. Biblical preachers, in the face of attack, remain constant in their teaching.
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Tragedy the time will come they will not endure sound doctrine but wanting to have their ears tickled they will accumulate for themselves teachers in accordance with their own desires will turn away from the truth will turn to myths
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Tragedy they will not endure sound doctrine Wrong attitude to bear with Thayer to admit, receive, i.e., to listen to Zodhiates but wanting to have their ears tickled Wrong desire to have itching ears, to desire to hear what one wants to hear, to be desirous of hearing. Louw-Nida they will accumulate for themselves teachers Wrong teachers to heap up, to accumulate in piles - Thayer
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Tragedy in accordance with their own desires Wrong motivation to suit their own passions ESV will turn away from the truth Wrong response to cease doing something, with the implication of rejection - 'to stop, to cease, to reject. Louw-Nida will turn to myths Wrong source Commonly rendered as a tale or a fable or that which is fabricated by the mind in contrast to reality.
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Tragedy Do I REALLY want the truth?! Do I REALLY want that which will rebuke me, convict me, and challenge me to grow?! Is my desire, for the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth?!
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Tragedy If not, make no mistake: you WILL be deceived! 2 Timothy 4:4 you WILL be deluded! 2 Thessalonians 2:10-11 you WILL be destroyed! 2 Thess. 2:10; Rom. 1:18, 25 Buy truth and do not sell it Proverbs 23:23
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Temperament be sober in all things to be calm and collected in spirit; to be temperate, dispassionate, circumspect Thayer endure hardship to suffer distress, to suffer pain, suffering hardship Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Temperament do the work of an evangelist lit., a messenger of good Vine one who announces the gospel Louw-Nida fulfill your ministry to fully accomplish one's task - 'to perform one's complete duty, to finish fully one's task, to accomplish satisfactorily. Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Temperament In rendering 'endure suffering,' one must often expand somewhat the number of lexical items in order to convey the correct meaning, for example, continue doing what you should even though you are suffering or remain firm even though people cause you suffering. Louw-Nida
2 Timothy 4:2 Preach the Word The Temperament When you preach a message which reproves, rebukes and exhorts: some will get angry! you will suffer hardship! The hardship and affliction which comes a result of preaching the word should not have an impact upon the message which is proclaimed!
2 Timothy 4:1-5 Summarizing The charge to preach is solemn due to the two witnesses and the two incentives. God wants His Word publically proclaimed. We preach THE word not A word. In preaching the word we have seen the: Timing Technique Tragedy Temperament
Final Thoughts What is needed from the pulpit God s Word and God s Word ONLY! Preaching which reproves, rebukes and exhorts! Preachers who preach when inconvenient, when suffering hardship and who patiently endure. What is needed from the pew God s Word and God s Word ONLY! Preaching which reproves, rebukes and exhorts! Members who love the TRUTH and desire only to hear, however painful, the TRUTH!
A textual study of 2 Timothy 4:1-5
