Are you frequently plagued by upper and middle back pain? Whether it's due to long hours at a desk, poor posture, or other lifestyle factors, Upper and middle back pain can be a common ailment caused by various factors such as poor posture, muscle strain, injury, or underlying medical conditions. Fi

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This material provides a structured approach to managing critically ill patients, focusing on the primary survey steps including airway and cervical spine control. It covers assessment techniques, interventions, and guidelines for ensuring patient safety, particularly in cases of potential airway co

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Explore the essentials of airway, ventilation, and sedation in neurological patients through the ENLS Version 5.0 content. Understand the challenges and goals of managing airways in critical situations such as trauma or respiratory distress. Learn about common indications for intubation and the impo

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This article discusses the anesthetic management of bronchoscopy for airway foreign body, including presentation, preoperative work-up, intraoperative management, and postoperative care. It highlights the incidence of foreign body inhalation, immediate and delayed presentations, findings on chest X-

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This informative content covers various hand and upper extremity conditions including nerve innervation, deformities, splints, and syndromes such as carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome. It discusses key nerves like the ulnar, median, and radial, their functions, associated deformities

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This educational material provides an in-depth understanding of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) and Serotonin Syndrome (SS) including their background, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment approaches. It also explores the historical back

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Learn about the common causes of foreign body obstruction, preventive measures, signs of airway obstruction, and how to manage airway obstruction in adults, children, and infants. Discover the steps to take for a conscious choking victim and an unconscious victim, including performing the Heimlich m

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WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic condition associated with Wilms Tumor, aniridia, and developmental delays. Wilms Tumor is a form of kidney cancer mostly affecting children and is linked to genetic disorders like WAGR syndrome. The risk of Wilms Tumor is higher in children with WAGR syndrome, with po

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Motor abilities play a crucial role in the developmental journey of individuals with Williams Syndrome. From simple reflex movements to fine and gross motor skills, these abilities impact daily living, academic achievements, and overall cognitive and physical growth. Research on motor skills in both

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General anesthesia procedures in the UK NHS involve approximately 2.9 million cases annually, with airway management being a critical aspect. Poor airway assessment and planning, lack of strategies for difficult airways, reluctance to use awake fibreoptic intubation, and inappropriate use of supragl

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Explore the strategies and technologies used to assist children with impaired airway clearance, including tracheostomy care, mechanical ventilator support, and supplemental airway clearance activities such as chest physiotherapy and oral care.

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Revised DAS Guidelines 2015 introduce significant updates for airway management. Changes include rebranding of plan elements, emphasis on oxygenation maintenance, use of videolaryngoscopes, and considerations for various airway scenarios. Specific modifications address techniques such as rapid seque

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A 54-year-old man with a persistent cough prompts consideration of initial investigations like chest X-ray and pulmonary function tests. For a 40-year-old woman with a persistent cough, initial management options include sequential trials of steroids, a proton pump inhibitor, and nasal spray. These

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Upper Airway Cough Syndrome (UACS) encompasses conditions like rhinitis and sinusitis, leading to chronic cough lasting more than 8 weeks. Common causes include asthma, GERD, and airway diseases. Differences in terminology between countries exist, with UACS being more widely accepted in the US. The

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Explore how cough sounds can aid in COVID-19 classification through autoregressive predictive coding pretraining and spectral data augmentation. Leveraging datasets like DiCOVA and COUGHVID, the goal is to develop a model that can distinguish COVID-19 based on cough type, providing a scalable and re

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Coughing is a protective reflex action that clears the airways. It can be unproductive (dry) or productive (chesty), with various causes such as infections, allergies, and smoking. Different types of sputum indicate different conditions. Knowing when to seek medical help based on cough duration, ass

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Explore the evolving treatment approaches for chronic cough including muscle tension-based interventions, laryngoscopy assessments, and referral pathways to specialist clinics. Learn about the causes, signs, and patient experiences associated with chronic cough, as well as the diagnostic process inv

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Cough is a reflex action to clear airways, often caused by viral infections. It can be productive or non-productive, acute, sub-acute, or chronic. Assessing cough duration, nature, associated symptoms, drug-induced or condition-induced factors is crucial. Non-pharmacological treatments include steam

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Cough is a vital reflex that helps clear irritants from the respiratory tract. Antitussives suppress cough reflex, with varying mechanisms of action. Different types of drugs are used in the symptomatic treatment of cough, classified based on their modes of action. Dextromethorphan and codeine are c

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This project focuses on real-time cough and sneeze detection for assessing disease likelihood and individual well-being. Deep learning, particularly CNN and CRNN models, is utilized for efficient detection and classification. The team conducted a literature survey on keyword spotting techniques and

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30-year-old L.B., a secretary, presents with a dry, hacking cough and shortness of breath post-bronchitis recovery. History of asthma in family raises concerns. Intake nurse must acquire vital signs, medical history, symptoms, and potential triggers to determine the underlying cause of the chronic c

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Kennel Cough, known as Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis, is a highly contagious respiratory disease affecting dogs, characterized by acute tracheobronchitis and a paroxysmal cough lasting several days. It is caused by various infectious agents, including Canine Parainfluenza Virus and Bordetella

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The regulation of respiration involves sensory and efferent pathways, with afferent pathways comprising stretch receptors, C-fibres, and irritant receptors, while efferent pathways include parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Cough physiology is a protective reflex initiated by various stimuli to

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Emergency Paediatric Tracheostomy Management Algorithm provides a structured approach for managing pediatric patients requiring tracheostomy in emergency situations. The algorithm outlines steps for assessing airway patency, performing suction, and changing the tracheostomy tube if necessary. It emp

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Human cells have 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes, totaling 46. Karyotypes help diagnose chromosomal abnormalities by aligning chromosomes in size order. Nondisjunction during meiosis can lead to abnormal chromosome numbers in gametes. Disorders like Down Syndrome, XYY Syndrome,

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Down syndrome, also known as Trisomy 21, is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. Discovered by Dr. John Langdon Down in 1866, this condition affects individuals in various ways, influencing their development and abilities. People with Down syndrome may learn skills

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Human chromosomes play a crucial role in determining genetic traits and health conditions. An extra copy of chromosome 21 leads to Down syndrome, while conditions like Klinefelter's syndrome, Turner's syndrome, Trisomy 13, 18, and 23 have distinct symptoms and implications. Trisomies result from abn

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Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by an extra chromosome, typically chromosome 21. This leads to physical and cognitive challenges, with individuals exhibiting unique abilities. The syndrome presents with distinctive physical features, such as flattened face, almond-shaped eyes, and poor m

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Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome (WKS) comprises Wernicke's Encephalopathy (WE) and Korsakoff Syndrome. WE presents with altered mental status, ocular signs, and ataxia, while Korsakoff Syndrome manifests as amnesia and confabulations. Untreated WE can progress to Korsakoff Syndrome in about 80% of cases

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Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS) is a condition where a newborn aspirates meconium, the first substance discharged from the GI tract. This primarily affects term or post-term infants and can lead to airway obstruction, gas trapping, chemical pneumonitis, and PPHN. Risk factors include hypoxia and

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The City of Airway Heights Recreation Complex, presented in January 2017, is a 35,000 SF facility featuring softball/soccer fields, gym, lap pool, therapy and children's recreation pool, Jacuzzi, and more. The complex faces challenges such as basalt bedrock, paleochannel, and cultural resources, wit

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Sleep disorders such as insomnia, restless leg syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea, parasomnias, and narcolepsy are prevalent conditions that affect the quality and pattern of sleep. Insomnia is characterized by difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep and is more common in females and older individ

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Pierre Robin Syndrome (PRS) presents challenges in paediatric anaesthesia, especially in infants undergoing procedures like cleft lip repair. PRS is characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and respiratory distress. Other syndromes associated with cleft lip include Treacher Collins syndrome, Gol

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Imposter Syndrome is characterized by feelings of inadequacy despite evidence of success, chronic self-doubt, and fear of being exposed as a fraud. It affects individuals' work performance, leads to avoidance of additional duties, assigns success to external factors, and can result in burnout. Howev

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Early life intervention has been shown to reduce the clinical manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome in NOD.H-2h4 mice, which mimic key features of the human autoimmune disease. The syndrome is characterized by salivary gland autoantibodies, ectopic lymphoid follicles, reduced salivary and tear flow,

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The respiratory system comprises the upper and lower respiratory tracts, responsible for air movement and gas exchange. It relies on the cardiovascular system for proper blood flow. The anatomy involves structures in the upper and lower tracts, with common symptoms like dyspnea and cough indicating

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The respiratory system has vital functions such as respiration, smell, filtration/defense, sound & speech production, and waste elimination. It consists of external (root, bridge, apex, and nostrils) and internal components (nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx). The nose/nasal cavity provides an airway fo

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Understanding the crucial role of airway management in the NeuroICU is essential for preventing secondary brain injury and addressing respiratory complications in neurologically-injured patients. This presentation covers the significance of airways, common issues, evaluation techniques, adjuncts, an

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ABCDE approach is a systematic method for evaluating acutely ill patients to identify and address life-threatening conditions promptly. This presentation focuses on the Airway and Breathing components, emphasizing the assessment, management, and interventions to maintain a clear airway and adequate

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An overview of preparing a diabetic patient for knee arthroscopy surgery, including considerations for anesthesia, diabetes management, and airway assessment. The patient in this case study has a torn meniscus and is categorized as ASA Class 2. Steps to ensure optimal diabetes control, preoperative

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