The Ginzburg-Landau phenomenological theory explains superconductivity and superfluidity as distinct thermodynamic phases. It focuses on phase transitions characterized by singularities in specific heat at the transition temperature. Derived from BCS theory, it quantifies condensation energy, emphas

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Crystal Field Theory (CFT) explains the colors and magnetic properties of transition metal complexes. It focuses on the energy changes in d-orbitals of metal ions caused by surrounding ligands. This theory, developed in 1929, provides insights into the bonding interactions in complex compounds. The

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Social Learning Theory, introduced by Bandura, emphasizes learning through observation and modeling. It explores how individuals acquire behavioral dispositions, trial-and-error experiences, and the impact of stimuli in the environment. The theory focuses on the importance of attention, retention, a

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Development of mathematical theories such as model theory, proof theory, set theory, recursion theory, and computational complexity is discussed, starting from historical perspectives with Dedekind and Peano to Godel's theorems, recursion theory's golden age in the 1930s, and advancements in proof t

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Explore the evolution of organizational behavior from early management theories to contemporary practices. Understand the historical foundations and relevance of management theory in shaping workplace dynamics. Delve into key concepts like Scientific Management, Administrative Management, Bureaucrat

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Various theories such as Divine Origin, Force Theory, Patriarchal Theory, and others explain the origin of the state. Divine theories attribute state creation to God, while Force Theory emphasizes the strong subjugating the weak to establish authority. Each theory offers unique perspectives on the h

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Forgetting is a complex phenomenon influenced by theories such as Decay Theory, Interference Theory, and Motivated Forgetting. The Ebbinghaus forgetting curve highlights how memories fade over time. Decay Theory suggests memories decay over time, while Interference Theory explains how old and new me

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Psychological theories of criminality delve into the association between intelligence, personality, learning, and criminal behavior. Major theories include Psychodynamic Theory by Freud, Behavioral Theory by Bandura, and Cognitive Theory by Kohlberg. These theories explore how unconscious mental pro

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Austin's Theory of Law, presented by Rinkey Sharma, delves into the Imperative Theory of Law as proposed by Austin, known as the father of English jurisprudence. It explores General and Particular Jurisprudence, Austin's definition of law, and the elements of positive law, emphasizing the concepts o

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The field of International Relations (IR) encompasses various theories that seek to explain global phenomena, drawing from disciplines like history, philosophy, and economics. Theory, derived from contemplation and speculation, organizes ideas to explain issues such as state emergence, conflict caus

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This detailed content delves into the Gate Control Theory of Pain, explaining pain pathways involving nociceptors, A-delta fibers, and C fibers. It further explores central pain pathways like the spinothalamic tract, spinomesencephalic tract, and spinoreticular tract. The theory's mechanism of pain

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Cooperative game theory explores situations where players have mutual benefits in cooperating. The focus is on bargaining solutions to reach agreements despite conflicting interests. Key concepts include Nash Bargaining Solution, Kalai-Smorodinsky Bargaining Solution, and Rubinstein Bargaining Proce

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The theory of firms is explored through the Neoclassical and Modern perspectives. Neoclassical theory focuses on profit maximization, while Modern theory delves into managerial, principal-agent, and transaction cost theories. The discussion covers criticisms of Neoclassical theory and the essential

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Realist Evaluation is a theory-driven approach focusing on understanding the context and mechanisms of action behind policies and interventions. This webinar explores the concept of demi-regularity in realist evaluation, its origins, and its application in analyzing complex evidence. Key aspects cov

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Overview of theories of causation categorized into psychological, social psychological, and sociological perspectives. Psychological theories focus on instinctive, biological, and psychological qualities of abusers, including Attachment Theory, Psychodynamic Theory, Social Learning Theory, and Situa

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Exploring G.H. Sabine's perspective on political theory through a contextual approach, emphasizing the importance of historical context and societal influences. Sabine argues that while political theory evolves with its contemporary politics, it should be analyzed within its specific time and social

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Balance of Power Theory in global politics emphasizes the distribution of military capability among states to prevent hegemony and maintain national security. It is a realist theory that highlights the importance of preventing any single state from dominating others. The theory discusses how stronge

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At the turn of the century, the discovery of the photoelectric effect challenged the wave theory of light, leading to the development of the quantum theory by Max Planck and Albert Einstein. This new theory introduced the concept of discrete energy units known as quanta, bridging the gap between wav

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Realist and Idealist Theories in Business Administration explore contrasting perspectives on reality and idealism. Realism focuses on practicality and facing facts, while idealism emphasizes the ideal world of ideas. Learn about the concepts, examples, and differences between these theories to gain

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Overview of Dp-branes, NS5-branes, and U-duality derived from nonabelian (2,0) theory with Lie 3-algebra. Introduction to M-theory, including M2-branes and M5-branes in the strong coupling limit. Discussion on BLG theory, Lorentzian Lie 3-algebra, and the ABJM theory for M2-branes.

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Exploring the dominance of realist fiction in European literature, this content delves into the evolution of realism during the Enlightenment period, emphasizing its focus on mimicking social reality. It details the concept of mimesis and verisimilitude in creating a realistic narrative structure th

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Perturbation theory is a powerful tool in solving complex physical and mathematical problems approximately by adjusting solutions from a related problem with known solutions. This theory allows for more accurate approximate solutions by treating the difference as a small perturbation. An example inv

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Divine Command Theory asserts that morality is derived from God's commands, contrasting with Virtue Theory which focuses on developing moral virtues to achieve human flourishing and excellence. Divine Command Theory relies on religious texts, while Virtue Theory emphasizes the cultivation of virtues

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Fermi liquid theory, also known as Landau-Fermi liquid theory, is a theoretical model that describes the normal state of metals at low temperatures. Introduced by Landau and further developed by Abrikosov and Khalatnikov, this theory explains the similarities and differences between interacting ferm

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This research project focuses on evaluating the reform program for the care of Mentally Disordered Offenders (MDOs) within a context of broader mental health care reforms. The study explores governance structures, stakeholder perspectives, collaboration factors, and the experiences of MDOs and their

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Computational Learning Theory explores inductive learning algorithms that generate hypotheses from training sets, emphasizing the uncertainty of generalization. The theory introduces probabilities to measure correctness and certainty, addressing challenges in learning hidden concepts. Through exampl

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This course overview covers concepts in automata theory and theory of computation, including formal language classes, grammars, recognizers, theorems in automata theory, decidability, and intractability of computational problems. The Chomsky hierarchy, interplay between computing components, modern-

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Explore various theories of interest in economics, including the Classical Theory, Liquidity Preference Theory by Keynes, Productivity Theory, Abstinence Theory, Time-Preference Theory, Fisher's Time Preference Theory, and the Loanable Fund Theory. These theories offer different perspectives on the

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Delve into the historical journey of atomic theory starting from Democritus and Aristotle's views to modern advancements proving some aspects of Dalton's theory incorrect. Learn about key laws and theories such as the Particle Theory of Matter, Dalton's Atomic Theory, and JJ Thomson's discoveries, s

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Edward Hopper, an American realist painter, was known for his oil paintings and watercolors. This overview delves into his biography, childhood, education, marriages, rise to fame, and legacy. Discover key details about his life, including where he was born, his schooling, significant events, and mo

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This lesson delves into the development of modernism and the modern novel through a comparison of The Great Gatsby's Valley of the Ashes with T.S. Eliot's The Wasteland. It discusses the transition from Romanticism to Realism to Modernism in literature, highlighting how Fitzgerald merged poetic Roma

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Clinical Education Research delves into various aspects such as teaching, learning strategies, learner wellbeing, professional regulation, and career paths within the clinical education domain. This research explores methods like surveys, interviews, realist reviews, and workplace interventions to e

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Plastic Theatre is a form of non-realist, metaphorical theatre that uses props, sounds, and stage directions to convey characters' states of mind. In "A Streetcar Named Desire," Tennessee Williams incorporates significant elements of Plastic Theatre, such as the Varsouviana Polka, to represent the i

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Uncover the essence of applied realist methodology through features like theory incarnate, context-dependent explanations, and transferable mechanisms. Explore the logic of analysis using the CMO configuration as a heuristic tool for social explanation, emphasizing the importance of context, mechani

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Representatives of major nations convened at the Paris Peace Conference in 1919 to discuss the post-World War I peace process. The Big Four, comprising Great Britain, France, the United States, and Italy, had significant influences in shaping the Treaty of Versailles. The demands of the Big Four var

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This topic delves into the use of Critical Realism as a framework to develop knowledge about the social world, combining conceptual parts to bridge theoretical gaps and critique existing theories. It discusses ontological commitments, realist ontology, meta-theory, and domain-specific theories, emph

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Realism was an artistic movement that emerged in France in the 1850s, challenging the predominant Romanticism by depicting real and typical contemporary life with truth and accuracy. Led by main realist painters like Gustave Courbet, Realism sought to capture ordinary people and situations, embracin

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The Tsai-Hill failure theory is based on the strengths of a unidirectional lamina, incorporating longitudinal and transverse tensile and compressive strengths, as well as in-plane shear strength. This theory, derived from the distortion energy theory, provides criteria for determining lamina failure

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Conducted by a team of researchers and advisors, the realist review focuses on understanding the characteristics, mechanisms, and outcomes of school-based Mental Health and Psychosocial Support (MHPSS) interventions in humanitarian settings. The study aims to uncover how these interventions impact t

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Michela Massimi delves into the concept of perspectival truth, discussing how scientific knowledge claims are both situated and perspective-dependent, while states of affairs are perspective-independent. She highlights the central thesis of perspectival realism and the significance of minimal realis

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