Dentinogenesis is a crucial process in tooth development starting at the cusp tips as odontoblasts differentiate and begin collagen production. Factors like TGF, IGF, and BMP play key roles in organizing odontoblast cytoskeleton assembly. Odontoblasts take up calcium, maintain high concentrations, a

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Enamel, the hardest calcified tissue in the human body, forms a protective covering over the teeth, adapting them for mastication. Its thickness varies across different surfaces of the teeth, with maximum thickness found on cusps. The structure of enamel makes it brittle, especially when it loses su

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A cyst in the jaw is a fluid-filled cavity lined by epithelium that commonly occurs in the jawbones. There are different types of jaw cysts, such as odontogenic cysts and non-odontogenic cysts, each with specific clinical features and radiographic appearances. Understanding the classification and fe

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The formation of Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS) is crucial in determining the shape, length, and number of roots in teeth. It initiates the formation of radicular dentin, marking the beginning of root development after enamel and dentin formation. HERS consists of outer and inner enamel epi

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Root formation plays a crucial role in the development of teeth, starting after enamel and dentin formation at the cementoenamel junction. Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) molds the shape of roots, initiating radicular dentin formation. The cervical loop forms an epithelial diaphragm, narrowi

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Dentin is a vital tissue in teeth that provides bulk and shape, resembling bone but with distinct differences. It is yellowish, slightly elastic, and consists of inorganic hydroxyapatite and organic materials. Tubules within dentin contain odontoblast processes and follow a curved course throughout

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Odontogenic cysts may occur centrally within bones of the maxilla and mandible, predominantly in tooth-bearing areas. Types include radicular cysts, residual cysts, and dentigerous cysts, each with distinct radiographic features and epicenter locations. Radicular cysts are commonly found around nonv

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Periapical pathology encompasses various conditions such as periapical abscess, granuloma, periodontal cyst, radicular cyst, and more. These pathologies result from different factors like infections, inflammation, or developmental issues. Identifying and treating these conditions is crucial in maint

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