Dental Anatomy and Nomenclature by M.E. Mermigas, DDS
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
1
Dental Anatomy
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
2
Nomenclature
•
Maxilla
•
Mandible
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
3
Deciduous Teeth
•
Primary Teeth
•
Post-natal development spans 2-1/2
years
•
Usually 20 in number
–
4 incisors
–
2 canines
–
4 molars per arch
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
4
Deciduous Teeth
•
In clinical practice they are designated
by letters: A to T
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
5
Permanent Teeth
•
Development begins with the eruption of
the first molars and exfoliation of the
deciduous incisors
•
Process requires 20 years to complete
•
Usually 32 in number
•
In clinical practice they are designated
by numbers: 1 to 32
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
6
The Crown and Root
•
Crown- portion above the
gingivae covered with
enamel
•
Root- portion below
covered with cementum
•
They are joined at the
cemento-enamel junction
(CEJ)
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
7
Dentin
•
Comprises the main bulk
of tooth structure
•
Histologically analagous to
bone in composition
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
8
Pulp Chamber and Canal
•
C
o
n
t
a
i
n
t
h
e
p
u
l
p
a
l
t
i
s
s
u
e
–
Nervous, arteriolar
and venous tissue
–
fibrous tissue
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
9
The Crown
•
Incisors have an incisal edge
•
Canines have a single cusp
•
Premolars and Molars have 2 or more
cusps
•
These are the cutting surfaces of the
teeth
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
10
Incisor
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
11
Canine
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
12
Premolar
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
13
Molar
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
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The Root
•
May be single or multiple
•
F
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•
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M.E. Mermigas, DDS
15
Surfaces and Ridges
•
Incisors and Canines- four surfaces and
a ridge
•
Molars and Premolars- five surfaces
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
16
Surfaces- named according to
positions and uses
•
Facial- toward the lips or cheeks
•
Lingual- toward the tongue
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
17
Surfaces
•
Occlusal- come in contact with those of
the opposing jaw, molars and premolars
only
•
Incisal- Those surfaces on the incisors
and canines coming into contact with
the opposing teeth
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
18
Proximal Surfaces
•
Surfaces coming into contact with the
adjacent teeth
•
Mesial- toward the midline
•
Distal- away from the midline
•
Which teeth have the mesial surfaces
touching each other?
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
19
Cusp
•
an elevation or mound on the crown
portion of a tooth making up a divisional
part of the occlusal surface
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
20
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
21
Tubercle
•
A smaller elevation on the same portion
of the crown produced by an extra
formation of enamel. Deviation from
typical form.
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
22
Cingulum
•
The lingual lobe of an anterior tooth
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
23
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
24
Ridge
•
Any linear elevation on the surface of a
tooth and is named according to its
location
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
25
Marginal Ridge
Those rounded borders of
enamel that form the mesial and
distal margins of the occlusal
surfaces of premolars or molars,
and the lingual surfaces of
anterior teeth
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
26
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
27
Triangular Ridges
•
descend from the cusp tips of molars
and premolars toward the central part of
the occlusal surface
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
28
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
29
Oblique Ridge
•
Crosses the occlusal surface of
maxillary molars in an oblique fashion
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
30
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
31
Fossa
•
An irregular depression or concavity
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
32
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
33
Sulcus
•
A long depression or valley in the
surface of a tooth between ridges and
cusps
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
34
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
35
Developmental Groove
•
A shallow groove or line between the
primary parts of the crown or root
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
36
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
37
Pits
•
Small pinpoint depressions located at
the junction of the developmental
grooves
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
38
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
39
M.E. Mermigas, DDS
40
Detailed images and descriptions providing insight into dental anatomy, nomenclature, deciduous and permanent teeth, crown and root structure, dentin composition, pulp chamber and canal features, tooth crown characteristics, and individual tooth types (incisor, canine, premolar, molar).
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Presentation Transcript
Dental Anatomy M.E. Mermigas, DDS 1
Nomenclature Maxilla Mandible M.E. Mermigas, DDS 2
Deciduous Teeth Primary Teeth Post-natal development spans 2-1/2 years Usually 20 in number 4 incisors 2 canines 4 molars per arch M.E. Mermigas, DDS 3
Deciduous Teeth In clinical practice they are designated by letters: A to T M.E. Mermigas, DDS 4
Permanent Teeth Development begins with the eruption of the first molars and exfoliation of the deciduous incisors Process requires 20 years to complete Usually 32 in number In clinical practice they are designated by numbers: 1 to 32 M.E. Mermigas, DDS 5
The Crown and Root Crown- portion above the gingivae covered with enamel Root- portion below covered with cementum They are joined at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) M.E. Mermigas, DDS 6
Dentin Comprises the main bulk of tooth structure Histologically analagous to bone in composition M.E. Mermigas, DDS 7
Pulp Chamber and Canal Contain the pulpal tissue Nervous, arteriolar and venous tissue fibrous tissue M.E. Mermigas, DDS 8
The Crown Incisors have an incisal edge Canines have a single cusp Premolars and Molars have 2 or more cusps These are the cutting surfaces of the teeth M.E. Mermigas, DDS 9
Incisor M.E. Mermigas, DDS 10
Canine M.E. Mermigas, DDS 11
Premolar M.E. Mermigas, DDS 12
Molar M.E. Mermigas, DDS 13
The Root May be single or multiple Firmly positioned in the boney process of the jaw called the alveolus The alveolus together with the teeth forms the dental arch The cervical area of the teeth are usually covered with a soft tissue, the gingivae M.E. Mermigas, DDS 14
Surfaces and Ridges Incisors and Canines- four surfaces and a ridge Molars and Premolars- five surfaces M.E. Mermigas, DDS 15
Surfaces- named according to positions and uses Facial- toward the lips or cheeks Lingual- toward the tongue M.E. Mermigas, DDS 16
Surfaces Occlusal- come in contact with those of the opposing jaw, molars and premolars only Incisal- Those surfaces on the incisors and canines coming into contact with the opposing teeth M.E. Mermigas, DDS 17
Proximal Surfaces Surfaces coming into contact with the adjacent teeth Mesial- toward the midline Distal- away from the midline Which teeth have the mesial surfaces touching each other? M.E. Mermigas, DDS 18
Cusp an elevation or mound on the crown portion of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface M.E. Mermigas, DDS 19
Tubercle A smaller elevation on the same portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel. Deviation from typical form. M.E. Mermigas, DDS 21
Cingulum The lingual lobe of an anterior tooth M.E. Mermigas, DDS 22
Ridge Any linear elevation on the surface of a tooth and is named according to its location M.E. Mermigas, DDS 24
Marginal Ridge Those rounded borders of enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of premolars or molars, and the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth M.E. Mermigas, DDS 25
Triangular Ridges descend from the cusp tips of molars and premolars toward the central part of the occlusal surface M.E. Mermigas, DDS 27
Oblique Ridge Crosses the occlusal surface of maxillary molars in an oblique fashion M.E. Mermigas, DDS 29
Fossa An irregular depression or concavity M.E. Mermigas, DDS 31
Sulcus A long depression or valley in the surface of a tooth between ridges and cusps M.E. Mermigas, DDS 33
Developmental Groove A shallow groove or line between the primary parts of the crown or root M.E. Mermigas, DDS 35
Pits Small pinpoint depressions located at the junction of the developmental grooves M.E. Mermigas, DDS 37
