Cognitive load is crucial in assessing mental effort in tasks. This paper discusses using EEG signals and a 2D-CNN model to classify cognitive load during mental arithmetic tasks, aiming to optimize performance. EEG signals help evaluate mental workload, although they can be sensitive to noise. The

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PET imaging plays a crucial role in proton therapy by aiding in range verification and monitoring treatment delivery. Proton therapy offers precise tumor targeting but is sensitive to uncertainties, making accurate imaging essential. Positron emitters generated during therapy can be detected using P

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This study by the Proton Collaborative Group evaluates the outcomes of proton beam therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma across multiple institutions. Factors such as liver tolerance, baseline function, and prior therapies were considered in the treatment of liver cancer. The study emphasizes the imp

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Explore the intricate world of ocular proton therapy treatment planning with Dr. Linda Mortimer, PhD. Discover the fundamental elements of an ocular treatment plan, main goals of treatment planning, an overview of dedicated ocular Treatment Planning Systems (TPS), planning workflows, choice of TPS,

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The Critical Design Review evaluates the readiness of the Proton Beam Window Port Block and Vessel project at ESS-Bilbao. It involves assessing design completeness, safety considerations, procurement readiness, and project plan alignment with specifications. A committee of experts examines system re

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Transmission systems in telecommunications provide circuits between network nodes using channels for bidirectional communication. Channels can range from simple audio circuits to complex satellite systems. Signals can be analog or digital, each with its unique characteristics. Bandwidth is crucial f

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Data transmission involves converting information into electromagnetic signals for communication. Analog data is continuous, like a clock's hands, while digital data is discrete, like binary code in computer memory. Signals can be analog or digital, periodic or non-periodic, with characteristics lik

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Exploring the conversion of analog signals from the physical world into electrical signals using transducers in embedded systems. Learn about going from analog to digital representation, choosing sample rates, the Shannon-Nyquist sampling theorem, importance of anti-aliasing filters, and the necessi

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Biologically important molecules, such as acids and bases, have significant roles in metabolism. Strong acids like hydrochloric acid ionize completely, while weak acids and bases play crucial regulatory roles. The Bronsted-Lowry theory defines acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors. Eq

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Signals in inter-process communication are asynchronous notifications delivered to specific processes, allowing event-based programming. Processes can handle signal delivery by ignoring it, terminating, or invoking a signal handler. Signal handlers can be written in two ways - one handler for many s

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Exploring the concept of proton environments in molecules using 1H NMR spectroscopy. The presence of different types of hydrogens in a molecule is highlighted, showcasing how protons exist in varied magnetic environments leading to distinct signals in the 1H NMR spectrum. Electron shielding and its

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This lecture delves into the concepts of analog data, digital signals, and the processes involved in data transmission and digital communication. It covers topics such as Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM), Analog-to-Digital Conversion, and Sampling. The conversion of analog signals to digital signals

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Point-to-point fiber optic communication systems involve converting voice signals from a microphone into digital signals using a coder, transmitting light signals through a semiconductor diode laser over optical fibers, and decoding the signals back to analog for sound production. The system offers

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Investigating event structures in proton-proton collisions sheds light on potential relevance for heavy ion physics, especially in understanding parton energy loss and hydrodynamic flow dynamics. The study discusses phenomena like color reconnection, underlying events in Pythia, and multiple-parton

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Explore cutting-edge research in nuclear physics, including experiments on pion ratios and Pb isotope radius measurements, neutron star observations, neutron density distributions of Pb isotopes, and polarized proton beams at Osaka University. Learn about the analysis of realistic point proton densi

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TV ads play a crucial role in signaling success by driving strong fitness, social, trust, quality, confidence, and popularity signals among adults. The strength of these signals varies across different media channels, with television emerging as a powerful platform for engaging audiences. Fitness an

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Sampling plays a crucial role in converting continuous-time signals into discrete-time signals for processing. This lecture covers periodic sampling, ideal sampling, Fourier transforms, Nyquist-Shannon sampling, and the processing of band-limited signals. It delves into the relationship between peri

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Our analysis compares PisaEcalBDT with ESEv3 in proton detection. The study evaluates various factors such as side leakage, shower axis direction, and potential corrections using a new function. Uncertainty in antiproton detection is discussed along with current studies' status and future plans for

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Exploration of diffraction dissociation of nuclear nucleons in nucleus-nucleus interactions using Geant4 FTF model and NA61/SHINE results for various nucleus combinations. Insights into meson production in argon-nucleus interactions at different energies and the impact of models like DCM/AGT, UrQMD,

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GOES-18 SEISS SGPS L1b product is undergoing provisional maturity testing by the GOES-R Calibration Working Group. The review includes evaluation of product quality, supporting instruments, health tests, and path to full validation. Users are responsible for inspecting and utilizing the preliminary

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This series of questions delves into the intriguing world of atoms, covering topics such as atom size comparison, proton count identification, location of metals on the Periodic Table, nucleus charge explanation, atomic number significance, various arrangements of the Periodic Table, subatomic parti

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Detailed overview of the Proton EDM Storage Ring Experiment by William Morse, highlighting challenges in neutron EDM sensitivity, magic momentum phenomenon in electric fields, and advancements in proton EDM experiment sensitivity. Explore the critical parameters related to axion physics, CP-violatio

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The positional relationship between the Circular Electron-Positron Collider (CEPC) and the Super Proton-Proton Collider (SPPC) involves careful considerations such as bypass tunnels, compatibility for future e-P collision programs, and shielding in the tunnel. Various scenarios are discussed regardi

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Explore the complex realm of nucleon spin decomposition and the enigmatic proton spin problem, delving into concepts like orbital angular momentum, quarks and gluons' helicity, and longitudinal double spin asymmetry in polarized deep inelastic scattering. Learn about the spin crisis, gluon polarizat

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Conducting a proton beam simulation to analyze the feasibility of the beam rifle in Gundam by melting a snowman. The exercise involves setting up geometry, defining parameters, sources, materials, and cells, and calculating energy deposition. Follow the flow chart to determine beam current and power

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Absolute polarimeters are described for the beam channel at U70 Accelerator in Russia, focusing on transporting polarized proton and antiproton beams. Various polarimeters are discussed for measuring proton and antiproton polarization, including diffraction and interference-based techniques. The exp

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This document elaborates on the comparison of photon, proton, and carbon ion therapy for liver cancer. It includes abstract, phantom CT scan analysis, organ delineation, photon vs. proton therapy comparisons, and proton vs. carbon ion therapy comparisons with corresponding images. Detailed discussio

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In various applications, collisions of neutral particle beams with target materials play a crucial role. This process involves neutralizing high-velocity proton beams by passing them through a charge exchange cell filled with neutral gas, such as argon. The cell allows protons to capture electrons f

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Experimental setup at IP5 involves inelastic telescopes for charged particle detection and vertex reconstruction. The setup includes T1 and T2 telescopes, HF and CASTOR detectors, as well as Roman Pots for measuring elastic and diffractive protons. The TOTEM experiment focuses on proton-proton inter

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Joana Leitão, a Biomedical Engineering and Biophysics graduate, is currently pursuing a Ph.D. focused on developing multi-beam FLASH with proton beams for advanced radiotherapy. Her research involves combining innovative techniques to enhance treatment effectiveness while minimizing damage to surro

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Investigating wake fields and electron cloud phenomena in high-intensity proton rings is crucial for understanding instabilities and improving accelerator science. This involves experimental studies, analyzing instabilities, controlling wake amplitudes, and protecting future machines operating in st

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A search for a standard model-like Higgs boson in the mass range of 70-110 GeV in diphoton final states in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV using Full LHC Run 2 data was conducted by Suzanne Gascon-Shotkin and the CMS Collaboration. Motivated by previous results and theoretical models, the

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Discussions at the GDR QCD workshop covered a range of topics from double parton scattering to coherent processes on nuclei, emphasizing the importance of understanding parton interactions in both proton-proton and heavy ion collisions. Theoretical frameworks such as DPS, SPS, GPDs, and TMDs were ex

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This study explores the use of simulation in Photoacoustic Imaging for reconstructing the Bragg peak in proton therapy. It discusses the concept of Photoacoustic Imaging, the generation of acoustic waves from pulsed electromagnetic radiation, and the experimental setups for characterizing proton dos

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The Proton Computed Tomography Apparatus, developed by the INFN (RDH-WP3) collaboration, consists of two pCT systems for high-energy tomography. Various tests and analyses have been conducted, with plans for further testing in 2016. The system utilizes Algebraic Reconstruction Techniques and silicon

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A detailed overview of the Proton Beam Switchyard (BSY) Status funded by the Horizon 2020 programme of the European Union. The aim of BSY is to ensure efficient distribution and focusing of the proton beam onto specific targets. The BSY composition includes various systems like deflecting, focusing,

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Studying heavy flavor production and collectivity in proton-proton collisions at high energies, this research delves into the effects of collectivity in large and small systems through EPOS4-HQ modeling. It investigates energy loss, coupling with QGP, collectivity, and more, utilizing the EPOS frame

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Probing the frontier of proton acceleration, this research delves into nonlinear dynamics within the IOTA ring, showcasing integrable optics and innovative technologies. Collaborations with Fermilab drive advancements in accelerator science, supported by the US DOE. The study explores variational as

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Single-nucleon knock-out reactions in neutron-rich medium-mass nuclei were studied to investigate the reduction of proton-removal cross section. Short-range correlated nucleon pairs, especially protons, were found to impact the probability of single-proton removal processes. Experimental measurement

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An insightful lecture on civilian GNSS signals by Dr. Ali Albu-Rghaif covers GPS, GLONASS, and Galileo signals. The content delves into GPS signal modulation, generation, receiving, and demodulation processes, highlighting the carrier wave, navigation data, and spreading sequences. It also discusses

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