Structural divisions of the central and peripheral nervous systems, learn about neuron anatomy, the neuromuscular junction, and the role of neurotransmitters. Includes information on Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine, Dopamine, and Serotonin.

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to induce muscle relaxation during surgeries. Neuromuscular blocking agents act at the neuromuscular junction. These drugs can either peripherally reduce muscle tone or centrally cause muscle paralysis. Different types of muscle relaxants are classified based on th

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Strength-Duration (SD) curve is a diagnostic test assessing neuromuscular integrity by measuring the relationship between stimulus strength and duration. It helps in electro-diagnosis of peripheral nervous system disorders and evaluates nerve degeneration and regeneration. The curve is obtained by p

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Skeletal muscle relaxants encompass different types, including neuromuscular blockers, spasmolytic drugs, and peripherally-acting agents. They are classified based on mechanisms of action and play crucial roles in inducing skeletal muscle relaxation for various clinical applications. Understanding t

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Animal venom, particularly snake venom, contains various toxins that can have detrimental effects on the body. Different types of snake venom target specific systems, such as neurotoxic venom affecting neuromuscular junctions and hemotoxic venom impacting the cardiovascular system. Understanding the

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Flexibility is the ability of joints to move within their maximum range, crucial for overall health and sports performance. It can be passive or active, and there are various methods to enhance it such as ballistic, static stretching, dynamic stretching, and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

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Solar PV components such as cells, modules, and arrays play a crucial role in converting sunlight into electricity. This unit covers basic terms related to solar PV components, including solar cells, P/N junctions, cell output, various cell constructions, and cell wiring configurations. Explore the

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This informative document discusses the classification of neuromuscular disorders, focusing on muscle and muscle membrane disorders such as Muscular Dystrophy. It delves into the characteristics, pathology, and clinical presentations of different types of muscular dystrophies, including Duchenne and

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Motor units consist of a motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates. Neurotransmitters like acetylcholine play a vital role in stimulating muscle contraction by transmitting signals at the neuromuscular junction. This communication between neurons and muscles is essential for proper movement a

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Adrenergic transmission involves the release of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine, dopamine, and epinephrine at synapses or neuroeffector junctions. These neurotransmitters, known as catecholamines, play crucial roles in transmitting impulses in the sympathetic nervous system and central nerv

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In the biological basis of human motion, a series of electro-chemical-physical reactions occur at the neuromuscular junction, enabling nerve stimulation for muscle contraction. Nerve impulses for movement originate in the central nervous system or muscles, with acetylcholine transmitting impulses be

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Diodes are essential semiconductor devices consisting of p-n junctions that allow current flow in one direction while offering high resistance in the other. This summary covers topics such as diode structure, forward biasing, and reverse biasing, providing a fundamental understanding of diodes.

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Explore the world of Avalanche Photodiodes (APDs) through a comprehensive discussion covering solid-state physics, band theory, PN junctions, I-V characteristics of diodes, breakdown mechanisms, and practical design considerations. Learn about linear mode versus Geiger mode operation, performance me

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Our bodies and minds undergo changes as we age, necessitating adjustments in our environment to accommodate limitations. The design of everyday products often overlooks the needs of older individuals, leading to difficulties in tasks such as handling objects and sensory impairments. This article dis

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Explore the world of infant reflexes with a focus on assessing, defining, and understanding their significance in children's neuromuscular health. Learn about feeding reflexes, protection reflexes, and more, as well as how to observe and interpret a child's responses to different types of reflexes.

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This visual guide showcases detailed images of the gastrointestinal (GI) rectum and anal canal anatomy, including structures such as the perineum, pelvic diaphragm, external and internal anal sphincters, and various junctions within the rectum. Each image provides a clear depiction of the anatomical

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Semiconductors play a crucial role in electronic devices, with materials falling into three categories based on electric conductivity: Conductors, Insulators, and Semiconductors. Intrinsic semiconductors are chemically pure, while extrinsic semiconductors have impurities added to enhance their condu

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Distinguishing between health-related and performance-related fitness components is crucial in understanding how fitness impacts success in sports. Health-related factors are physiologically based, influencing an individual's ability to meet physical demands, while skill-related factors are based on

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The human central nervous system (CNS) is composed of neurons that transmit information through electrical impulses and neurotransmitters at synaptic junctions. Synapses play a crucial role in interneuronal communication, with various types and features impacting information transmission. Neurotrans

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The content explores the neuromuscular transmission process in frog rectus abdominis, focusing on the release of Ach and its effects on Nm receptors. It also discusses the impact of different drugs on skeletal muscles, both centrally and peripherally acting, including those that act presynaptically

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Myasthenia Gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigability due to a decrease in acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions. It primarily affects individuals in two age peaks, with different symptoms and gender predominance. The cardinal feature is we

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An in-depth exploration of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) anatomy, physiology, and associated disorders by Dr. Hana Albulaihe, a renowned Consultant Neurologist. The NMJ comprises the axon terminal of a motor neuron and the motor end plate of a muscle fiber. Disorders discussed include Myasthenia grav

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Cholinergic transmission plays a crucial role in neurohumoral signaling, involving the release of acetylcholine at synapses and neuroeffector junctions. Dr. Rashmi Rekha Kumari explains the synthesis, storage, release, and catabolism of acetylcholine, highlighting the role of choline acetyl transfer

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Muscle relaxants play a crucial role in managing conditions like spasticity and painful spasms. Centrally active agents modulate motor impulses in the spinal cord and CNS, while peripherally active agents target neuromuscular junctions. Baclofen, benzodiazepines, and other specific drugs serve vario

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