The diagnosis and treatment options for testicular carcinoma from Dr. Shanzah Shahbaz, a medical oncologist. This comprehensive guide covers staging, tumor markers, false elevation risks, chemotherapy regimens, and management of residual masses.

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HER2 activation plays a crucial role in promoting tumor proliferation and survival in NSCLC. Driven by oncogenic downstream signaling pathways, HER2 overexpression and gene amplification lead to the formation of heterodimers and activation of key signaling cascades. Additionally, HER2 mutations are

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This slideshow provides an overview of tumor classification, nomenclature, and key concepts in pathology. It covers the definitions of neoplasm, tumor, and oncology, the classification of tumors into benign and malignant categories, as well as the importance of stroma in tumor behavior. It also expl

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PET imaging plays a crucial role in proton therapy by aiding in range verification and monitoring treatment delivery. Proton therapy offers precise tumor targeting but is sensitive to uncertainties, making accurate imaging essential. Positron emitters generated during therapy can be detected using P

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Discover the best spine tumor treatment at Medspine, the leading hospital with top surgeon and specialist in Medavakkam, Perumbakkam, Royapettah, Chennai.

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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), also known as electroshock, is a psychiatric treatment that induces seizures in anesthetized patients for therapeutic purposes. ECT has a controversial history but is well-established in the medical field. Introduced in 1938, ECT has replaced older treatments like in

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Grading and staging are crucial in determining the aggressiveness and extent of malignant tumors. Grading involves assessing the level of malignancy based on cell differentiation and mitotic activity, while staging considers the size of the tumor, lymph node involvement, and presence of metastases.

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This trial aims to compare the efficacy and safety of molecularly-guided therapy or cancer immunotherapy based on genomic profiling with platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with cancer of unknown primary site. The study design includes multiple treatment regimens guided by genomic profiles, with

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WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic condition associated with Wilms Tumor, aniridia, and developmental delays. Wilms Tumor is a form of kidney cancer mostly affecting children and is linked to genetic disorders like WAGR syndrome. The risk of Wilms Tumor is higher in children with WAGR syndrome, with po

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Comprehensive updates on European training requirements for rare diseases, rare adult solid cancers, and neuroendocrine neoplasia medicine. Initiatives include syllabi, competencies, and collaborations with international networks for advancements in the field.

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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique focusing on metabolic differences in the body. By using positron-emitting radioisotopes, PET can detect how molecules are taken up by healthy and cancerous cells, aiding in accurate tumor localization with lower doses. The evolution o

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Galactopoiesis is the process of maintaining lactation in animals, involving hormones like prolactin, GH, cortisol, PTH, insulin, and oxytocin. This process also includes the role of progesterone, estrogen, and other hormones in milk production and release. Milk ejection, facilitated by oxytocin, in

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Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that requires specialized management. This comprehensive guide covers the clinical presentation, diagnosis, genetic aspects, and detailed management strategies for MTC, including surgical options, follow-up evaluation, and systemic the

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Research collaboration aimed to enhance locoregional tumor control and reduce distant failure by combining charged particles irradiation and anticancer drug Epothilone B in cultured human tumor cells from Milano and Roma. The study explores the impact on clonogenic survival, growth curves, and deter

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Research presented at the ENETS 2020 virtual meeting discussed the generation of organoids from lung, intestinal, and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) to study normal neuroendocrine cells and their transformation to NENs. The success rate in generating organoids was higher for lung NENs co

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The Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery is a precise and effective treatment method where highly focused radiation beams are used to target tumors and abnormalities in the brain. It does not remove the tumor directly but affects DNA, cell growth, and blood vessels. The procedure involves three mai

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NCI-MATCH is a groundbreaking clinical trial aiming to match tumor gene alterations with targeted therapies. The interim analysis results revealed impressive patient enrollment and site participation exceeding expectations. Despite challenges with pausing new patient registrations for the analysis,

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This study by Shyamala Maherswaran, Ph.D., and team focuses on characterizing mutations in EGFR in circulating tumor cells using SARMS assay and CTC-chip. The research investigates the effectiveness of these non-invasive methods in analyzing tumors and explores the role of the T790M mutation in resp

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Delve into the complex world of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) through a detailed presentation prepared by Dr. Thomas O'Dorisio from the University of Iowa. Explore case reports, therapeutic interventions, and the challenges associated with managing these tumors. Gain valuable insights into the functi

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This collection of supplementary figures provides detailed flow cytometry data on immune cell populations, including CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, tumor-associated macrophages, and more. The figures also include information on immune checkpoint molecules like PD-L1 and TIGIT. Each figure presents spec

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Vestibular schwannoma, also known as acoustic neuroma, is a common tumor in the cerebellopontine angle. It can be sporadic or associated with neurofibromatosis type 2. Patients typically present with hearing loss and tinnitus, which may be gradual or sudden. Grading systems like Koos, Ojemann, and J

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Neoplasia encompasses abnormal tissue growth that can be benign or malignant. This article explores neoplastic terms, tumor classifications, cancer staging, and genetic factors in cancer development. Gain insights into the characteristics of benign tumors, the biology of cancer including carcinogene

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Understanding the classification of tumors is crucial in the field of pathology. This detailed overview covers the definitions of neoplasia and tumors, the differentiation between benign and malignant tumors, nomenclature, and characteristics of various tumor types. It discusses the behaviors of ben

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Phaeochromocytoma, a neuroendocrine tumor of the adrenal medulla, presents unique challenges in anesthesia due to excessive catecholamine secretion. From clinical presentation to familial associations, this condition requires careful diagnosis and management to avoid complications during surgery. Un

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Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRNT) is a targeted approach using radiopharmaceuticals to deliver radiation to neuroendocrine tumors expressing specific receptors. This therapy, involving 90Y-DOTATOC or 177Lu-DOTATATE, has shown promising results in treating NETs with minimal side effects.

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This presentation delves into the complexities of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD), discussing its impact on the neuroendocrine system, treatment options, including Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUD), and special populations. The objective is to connect endogenous mechanisms to clinical observation

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This tutorial, prepared by the International Working Group for TIL in breast cancer, provides guidelines for pathologists on the standardized evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer based on H&E slides of core biopsies or tumor resections. It details steps such as defini

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Craniopharyngioma is a complex intracranial tumor with a rich historical background dating back to the early 20th century. Initially described by McLean, Frazier, Alpes, and famously studied by Cushing, this tumor continues to be a subject of debate and controversy in terms of treatment approaches a

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This study explores the problem of finding the largest area axis-aligned B-empty rectangle containing n red points and m blue points. The research discusses various extensions to the original problem, such as the Blue Rectangles problem and the Outliers Problem, aiming to achieve efficient solutions

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Explore the emerging role of non-18F-FDG tracers in PET/MR imaging for oncology, focusing on their use in detecting neuroendocrine tumors and prostate cancer. Learn about the potential benefits of these tracers and the challenges they address in tumor localization and staging.

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Cancer's complex evolution introduces challenges in treatment response. B-SCITE aims to enhance tumor phylogeny inference by integrating bulk sequencing and single-cell data using a probabilistic approach. It addresses the complexity of tumor cell populations and potential treatment failure causes.

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This study presents an analysis of thymic neuroendocrine tumors (TNET) focusing on demographics, treatment, and survival outcomes. Conducted as a retrospective cohort study using the NCDB data from 2004 to 2015, the study aimed to examine the characteristics of TNET in terms of demographics, clinica

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Learn about the eligibility requirements for sitting for the Certified Tumor Registrar (CTR) examination, which include formal education and experience. Discover the different paths to meeting the eligibility criteria, such as obtaining an Associate's Degree in Cancer Registry Management or gaining

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A multi-cohort phase 2 study presented at ESMO 2020 evaluated the combination of durvalumab and tremelimumab in patients with advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms. The DUNE trial assessed the efficacy of this immunotherapy approach in various neuroendocrine tumor types, emphasizing the potential benefi

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Cr(VI)-induced mutagenesis is a key event in the mode of action for small intestinal tumors in mice, with the question of whether it is an essential step in tumor development. The interaction of cellular components with Cr leads to cell proliferation, hyperplasia, and ultimately mutagenesis. Differe

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Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (panNETs) can be classified as functioning or non-functioning, with functioning tumors producing active hormones such as insulin, glucagon, gastrin, or VIP. Symptomatic control is crucial for managing these tumors, with diagnoses based on clinical syndromes and hormo

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Update from the ESMO 2019 meeting in Barcelona focusing on neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Highlighting challenges in diagnosis and treatment, including limited knowledge and late diagnosis. Discusses different types of NETs, prevalence, approved therapeutic options, and key trials presented at the co

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Hemangiopericytoma is a rare soft tissue tumor originating from pericytes in capillaries. Learn about its symptoms, diagnosis methods, treatment options, and the role of pathology and IHC. Follow-up care, adrenal tumor functionality, and potential associations with MEN syndrome are also discussed.

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The body's functions are coordinated by various chemical messenger systems, including neurotransmitters, endocrine hormones, neuroendocrine hormones, paracrines, autocrines, and cytokines. Endocrine hormones travel through the circulatory system, binding to receptors in cells to regulate metabolism,

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Dr. Dilip S. Kiyawat, an experienced M.Ch. (Neuro) Neurosurgeon, offers advanced brain tumor surgery with expert care. Services include precise diagnosis, minimally invasive techniques, advanced imaging, and post-surgery care. Book your consultation

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