The European Research Council will revise its panel structure for the 2024 calls to enhance coherence, focus on frontier research, and appreciate interdisciplinarity. The main principles reflect the overarching evaluation policy of the ERC, ensuring a forward-looking approach that evolves with the c

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Capital structure refers to the mix of a firm's capitalization, including debt, preference share capital, equity share capital, and retained earnings. Choosing the right components of capital is crucial based on the organization's function and risk level. Different patterns/forms of capital structur

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The organizational structure in Lewisham outlines key positions such as Executive Lead, Director of System Development, and Director of Adult Integrated Commissioning. Various roles within the structure include Adult Safeguarding Designate, System Development Manager, and Mental Health Assistant Dir

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Enamel, the hardest calcified tissue in the human body, forms a protective covering over the teeth, adapting them for mastication. Its thickness varies across different surfaces of the teeth, with maximum thickness found on cusps. The structure of enamel makes it brittle, especially when it loses su

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Exploring the stages of tooth development, eruption, theories, and keys to normal occlusion. Learn about primary and permanent dentition, dental formulae, dental lamina, odontogenic cells, and enamel organ formation in the process of tooth development.

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The developmental history of a tooth is segmented into distinct stages, namely the bud, cap, and bell stages. Each stage represents critical morphological changes in tooth development, from the initial formation of tooth buds to the differentiation of enamel organs and dental papilla. Understanding

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Enamel caries is examined through histopathology, revealing four distinct zones - Translucent, Dark, Body, and Unaffected. Each zone presents unique characteristics, such as pore formation and light absorption. Understanding these zones is crucial for identifying and describing enamel caries accurat

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Understanding dentition in mammals sheds light on their evolution, classification, age approximation, and dietary habits. The arrangement of teeth, tooth structure, development, and types of mammalian teeth are discussed, highlighting unique features like thecodont attachment, enamel coating, and de

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The developmental history of a tooth is intriguingly divided into distinct morphologic stages - the bud, cap, and bell stages. Each stage represents a crucial phase in tooth development, from the initial formation of tooth buds to the intricate differentiation of enamel organs and dental papilla. Un

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The formation of Hertwig's Epithelial Root Sheath (HERS) is crucial in determining the shape, length, and number of roots in teeth. It initiates the formation of radicular dentin, marking the beginning of root development after enamel and dentin formation. HERS consists of outer and inner enamel epi

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Explore the structure of a tooth by learning about its various parts such as enamel, dentine, pulp, and more. Discover the difference between the crown and root, and engage in interactive activities like labeling diagrams and creating models to enhance your understanding. Watch a video for a detaile

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Guidelines for managing pediatric dental crown and root fractures are provided based on the type and severity of the fracture, along with treatment recommendations, follow-up schedules, and parent/patient education tips. The content covers uncomplicated crown fracture, primary tooth enamel-dentine f

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The life span of cells in the inner enamel epithelium can be divided into six stages: Morphogenic, Organizing, Formative, Maturative, Protective, and Desmolytic. Differentiation of ameloblasts occurs in various regions of the tooth germ. Amelogenesis, the enamel formation, takes place during the for

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While developing a suitable capital structure, the financial manager aims to maximize the long-term market price of equity shares. An appropriate capital structure should focus on maximizing returns to shareholders, minimizing financial insolvency risk, maintaining flexibility, ensuring the company

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Root formation plays a crucial role in the development of teeth, starting after enamel and dentin formation at the cementoenamel junction. Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) molds the shape of roots, initiating radicular dentin formation. The cervical loop forms an epithelial diaphragm, narrowi

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Fluorosis, a prevalent condition in parts of India, China, Tanzania, and South Africa, affects millions due to high fluoride levels in drinking water. It manifests as dental and skeletal fluorosis, causing various symptoms based on exposure levels. Dental fluorosis leads to enamel discoloration and

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Wool is a natural protein fiber with a unique structure composed of a cortex and cuticle, lacking a medulla. Its physical structure includes the cuticle as the outer protective layer, cortex with corticular cells, cell membrane complex, macro-fibrils, matrix, micro-fibrils, and helical coils. The st

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This detailed histological study covers the structure and function of the thyroid and parathyroid glands. It includes information on the stroma, parenchyma, follicular cells, parafollicular cells, and the microscopic structure of the parathyroid gland. The article also delves into the functions of v

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Aromatic hydrocarbons, with benzene as a key example, possess unique properties due to their highly unsaturated structures. The molecular formula of benzene is C6H6, and it exhibits resonance through a planar structure with sp2-hybridized carbons. To be classified as aromatic, a compound must have a

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Protein tertiary structure, essential for enzyme function and protein design, refers to the overall three-dimensional arrangement of amino acid side chains in a protein chain. This structure is specific to each protein sequence, with domains and motifs playing key roles in protein architecture. Prot

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This content delves into the lineage, honors, and organizational history of the U.S. Army Force Structure and Unit History Division, highlighting its role in maintaining official unit designations, selecting historic units for reactivation, and supporting force structure planning. It outlines the fu

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Enamel Pearl is a developmental anomaly where small nodules of enamel form below the cemento enamel junction, mainly on permanent teeth. This anomaly, detected radiographically, can lead to bacterial accumulation, periodontal issues, and inflammation if left untreated. Dental hygienists play a cruci

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Histology is the study of tissue structure and function in animals and plants, focusing on the microscopic structure of cells, tissues, and organs. It helps in understanding the relationship between structure and function, intertwining disciplines like cell biology, pathology, physiology, and bioche

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Mammalian teeth consist of hard tissues (enamel, dentine, cementum) and soft tissue (tooth pulp). The enamel is the hardest, dentine surrounds the pulp cavity, and cementum covers the dentine and connects to the alveolar bone. Tooth pulp provides support, nourishment, and defense mechanisms. Support

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Taking care of your oral health during pregnancy is crucial for both you and your baby. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are recommended, and it's safe to visit the dentist for most procedures, especially during the second trimester. Understanding how pregnancy impacts oral health, safe dental

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Explore how dental procedures like bonding, veneers, crowns, enamel shaping, orthodontics, and teeth whitening can transform your smile. Improve the appearance of your teeth through these cosmetic dentistry options to boost your confidence and oral health.

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This study explores phylogenetic signals in phytosaur tooth enamel microstructure and their implications for Newark Supergroup phytosaurs. It discusses the traditional phylogenetic position, recent interpretations, key features, identification challenges, ideal fossils, localities, and the evolution

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The histology of the digestive system in domestic animals, specifically focusing on the teeth and their structures, including short (brachydont) and long (hypsodont) types. Details include the composition of enamel, dentine, cementum, and dental pulp, highlighting the differences in tooth morphology

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Detailed discussion on the RF design constraints, beam dynamics, and structure optimization for the CLIC main linac accelerating structure. The analysis covers parameters such as bunch population, wake suppression, RF breakdown, and surface heating constraints. Additionally, the first generation of

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The proposal review and adoption of the Global Solution BPA Workshops Foundation took place on May 1, 2013. The workshops covered topics such as Global Design/Standardization Modules Overview, Organizational Structure, Academic Structure, Human Capital Management, Campus Solutions, and Finance. The

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RNA secondary structure prediction is a key concept in bioinformatics, encompassing features like stems, loops, and bulges. This presentation delves into the importance of RNA beyond mRNA, highlighting rRNA, tRNA, and regulatory RNA roles. The canonical base pairs A-U and C-G shape the single-strand

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Understanding and implementing parallel structure in business communication is essential for clear, effective, and professional writing. Explore the nuances of parallelism, such as using correlative conjunctions like "not only...but also," to ensure consistency and coherence in your written work. Le

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Dentition refers to the arrangement of teeth in the upper and lower jaw of mammals. Most mammals have specialized teeth, with some exceptions like the Platypus and Baleen whales. The structure of a mammalian tooth includes the crown, root, and neck, made up of dentine, enamel, and cement. Tooth deve

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DNA is a double helical structure made of 2 antiparallel polynucleotide chains with nucleotide monomers. The structure contains deoxyribose sugar, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases (purines and pyrimidines). Hydrogen bonds between base pairs stabilize the structure. Denaturation can occur due

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Accurate prediction of protein secondary structure is crucial for understanding tertiary structure, predicting protein function, and classification. This prediction involves identifying key elements like alpha helices, beta sheets, turns, and loops. Various methods such as manual assignment by cryst

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To understand proteins' final shape and function, one must grasp the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structure levels. Proteins, composed of amino acids, fold into various shapes crucial for their roles such as signaling, catalysis, and structure. The primary structure represents the am

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Enamel pearls are small spherical projections on root surfaces that can lead to plaque retention and gum disease if left untreated. They are caused by abnormal enamel formation during tooth development. On the other hand, fluorosis is marked by enamel hypomineralization due to excessive fluoride ing

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Enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, formed by ameloblast cells during tooth development. Chemically, it consists mostly of inorganic matter, primarily hydroxyapatite. Mature enamel lacks organic matter, is avascular, and not renewed. Its structural unit is the enamel rod, surrounded b

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Neoplasia refers to abnormal tissue growth surpassing normal growth, persisting excessively even after the initial stimulus. Odontogenic tumors are classified by the WHO in 1992 into benign and malignant categories, with various subtypes described. Ameloblastoma is a true neoplasm of enamel organ ti

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Dentin is a vital component of teeth, featuring various structural units such as dentinal tubules. This calcified tissue determines tooth shape, hardness, and radiolucency. It plays a significant role in supporting enamel, cementum, and pulp, with dentinal tubules housing odontoblast processes. Dent

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