Join us at our MarketsandMarkets 5th Annual Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases Conference in Germany, Europe, for a groundbreaking exploration of the recent advances in developing life-saving therapies, technologies in diagnosing, and strategies to enhance orphan drug development.\n\nEnquire Now @ https

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Antiarrhythmic drugs are classified into different classes based on their mechanisms of action. Class I includes sodium channel blockers with specific drugs like procainamide, disopyramide, and quinidine. Class 1B involves lidocaine and mexiletine. Class 1C consists of agents like flecainide. Class

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Antipsychotic drugs, also known as neuroleptics, are essential in treating schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. They work by targeting dopamine and serotonin receptors in the brain, managing symptoms like hallucinations and delusions. Learn about the dopamine-serotonin hypothesis of schizoph

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The process of heating crude oil in petroleum refineries involves various types of furnaces and heat distribution methods. The furnaces can be categorized into box, cylindrical, and radiant wall types, each with separate radiation and convection sections. Design considerations include heat transfer

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Providing guidance on types of Expanded Access for drugs, biologics, and devices, this content explains the concept of Expanded Access and the criteria that must be met. It covers different types of Expanded Access for drugs and devices, emphasizing the importance of patient safety and benefit. The

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Join us at our MarketsandMarkets Orphan Drugs and Rare Diseases Conference in Boston, USA for a groundbreaking exploration of the recent advances in developing life-saving therapies, technologies in diagnosing, and strategies to enhance orphan drug development.\n\nRegister Now @ \/\/events.marketsan

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Learn about the hazards of exposure to hazardous drugs, including potential health risks such as cancer, nausea, reproductive toxicity, and organ damage. Explore training modules, drug categories, and a list of hazardous drugs to ensure workplace safety. Discover NIOSH criteria for identifying hazar

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The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 was enacted to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act aims to ensure high standards of medical treatment, prevent substandard drugs, and establish advisory boards for different types of drugs. It sets out

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Crude drugs are natural substances obtained from plants, animals, and minerals. They are used without much processing and have therapeutic properties. Different plant parts like leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, bark, and stems yield various important drugs. Animals and minerals also serve as s

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Drugs can be sourced from six major categories: plants, animals, minerals/earth, microbiological sources, semi-synthetic sources, synthetic sources, and recombinant DNA technology. Plant sources, being the oldest, provide various medicinal properties through leaves, flowers, fruits, seeds, roots, ba

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The Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act of 1954 regulates the advertising of drugs and remedies claiming magical properties in India. It defines drugs and magic remedies, prohibits certain types of advertisements related to drugs, and aims to control misleading marketing prac

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Fascioliosis caused by F. hepatica is a common concern globally, impacting livestock health and economy. Antitrematodal drugs play a crucial role in combating parasitic infections like fascioliosis. One such drug, Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), has been effective in treating F. hepatica due to its act

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The Drugs and Cosmetics Act of 1940 and its Rules of 1945 were established to regulate the import, manufacture, distribution, and sale of drugs and cosmetics in India. The Act ensures that only qualified individuals are involved in these processes and aims to prevent the entry of substandard or spur

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Explore the world of illicit drugs from a research-based perspective. Uncover the dangers and consequences of drug use, learn about the signs of drug use, understand where drugs come from, and discover the effects of various types of illicit substances. Delve into the intersection of drug use with d

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Crude oil, also known as petroleum, is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and other compounds like sulfur, nitrogen, and metals. The composition of crude oil includes aliphatics, aromatics, naphthenes, and other elements, each playing a unique role in its properties and characteristics. This article

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Calcium and vitamin D play crucial roles in regulating bone health and overall calcium balance in the body. Hormones like PTH, vitamin D, and calcitonin are pivotal in maintaining calcium homeostasis. Drugs such as teriparatide, a synthetic form of PTH, are used to treat conditions like osteoporosis

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This presentation by Dr. Archana covers various drugs that impact the digestive system, such as antacids, intestinal astringents, antiemetics, and more. It explores the functions of these drugs and their roles in treating stomach-related issues like gastritis and peptic ulcers. The chapter discusses

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The presentation explores Saudi Arabia's reliance on oil windfalls for economic prosperity, challenges posed by global energy transition, and the impact on crude oil exports. It highlights the country's evolving role in the global oil market, emphasizing the need to adapt to shifting energy demands

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Alzheimer's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by memory loss and other cognitive impairments. This article discusses the etiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, along with in-vitro screening models used to test potential drugs, focusing

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Learn about the types, locations, and actions of cholinergic receptors, the mechanism of action of direct-acting cholinomimetics, pharmacokinetics of cholinergic drugs, and the pharmacological actions and uses of cholinomimetics. Explore the roles of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in the nervous

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Protozoal infections such as amoebiasis, giardiasis, and malaria are a global concern, particularly prevalent in underdeveloped regions. Antiamoebic drugs serve as the primary treatment, targeting protozoal parasites like Entamoeba histolytica. However, these drugs can pose challenges due to potenti

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Anxiety disorders are conditions characterized by excessive worry and fear that can interfere with daily life. Common types include generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, and OCD. Treatment options include psychotherapy and anxiolytic drugs such as benzodiazepines, 5HT1A agonists, be

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Anticestodal drugs play a crucial role in combating tapeworm infections in veterinary medicine. These drugs are classified into taeniafuges and taenicides, with examples of natural and synthetic compounds highlighted. Natural compounds like pumpkin seeds and male fern are traditionally used for thei

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The Central Drug Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) is the main regulatory body in India for pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and clinical trials. It functions under the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India. The CDSCO is responsible f

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Generic drugs are identical copies of brand-name medications in dosage, strength, quality, and intended use. They contain the same active ingredients but are sold under their chemical name. This article explores the basic differences between generic and brand-name drugs, when generic drugs are marke

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Pharmacognosy is the study of medicinal uses of crude drugs obtained from plants and natural resources. It involves researching physical, chemical, and biological properties of drugs from natural sources. The history of pharmacognosy dates back to prehistoric times, where the use of medicinal plants

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Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium bovis in ruminants and Mycobacterium avium in dogs and pigs. These bacteria have a unique waxy appearance due to their cell wall composition, providing a shield against pharmacological compounds. Antitubercular drugs play a cruc

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Renal block plays a crucial role in drug excretion, with processes like glomerular filtration and tubular secretion affecting drug elimination. Factors like blood flow, physiochemical properties, and urine pH influence renal excretion of drugs. Competition between drugs for transporters can have ben

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The development of antimicrobial drugs has significantly improved therapeutics by controlling infections and preventing complications. These drugs target invading microorganisms using selective toxicity, sparing host cells. Antimicrobial drugs are classified based on site, mechanism of action, and c

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Crude oil, the traditional starting material of organic chemistry, is predominantly used for energy production with less than 2% utilized for making plastics, road tar, and other tangible products. This resource-intensive process involves pumping over 1.3 trillion gallons of oil annually, equivalent

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This chapter delves into the various methods of detecting adulteration in crude drugs, with examples and evaluation techniques to preserve their quality. It discusses deliberate and unintended forms of adulteration, their detection methods, and reasons behind deliberate adulteration. The content emp

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The oil industry segment is experiencing fluctuations in production and prices, as indicated by recent data on WTI and Brent prices, US crude oil production, tight crude oil production, Williston Basin crude oil production, US land rig count for oil, and total US and Canada CBR. The updates highligh

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This update covers the latest insights on the oil industry segment, including global production and consumption trends, total US refinery capacity and crude oil production, North American crude by rail origins and destinations, ND production modal share, and products of petroleum refining transporte

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Understanding the mechanism of ovulation and hormonal regulation is key in classifying drugs used to induce ovulation. This lecture covers the pharmacology of different groups of drugs, their mechanisms of action, administration protocols, indications, efficacy rates, and adverse effects. Antiestrog

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The DAVA Drugs Authentication & Verification Application, developed by the National Informatics Centre of the Government of India, enables authentication, tracking, and tracing of Indian drugs at different packaging levels. Manufacturers maintain Unique Serial Numbers for primary and secondary packa

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This mid-course review covers key aspects such as defining drugs, naming drug categories and subcategories, identifying drug categories for specific drugs, components of drug influence evaluation, and examinations conducted as part of the evaluation process. The content also includes identifying dru

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Pharmacognosy is the study of medicines derived from natural sources, exploring drugs from plants through the lenses of botany, chemistry, and pharmacology. This includes the classification of vegetable drugs based on taxonomic, chemical, and morphological characteristics. Understanding key points f

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The 55th Annual South Dakota Asphalt Conference held in Pierre, SD in April 2016 brought together agencies, industry, and academia to discuss the future outlook of crude oil prices and the trajectory of asphalt pavement in South Dakota post-2000. Key topics included investment in crude oil, market b

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This lecture covers factors influencing placental transfer, harmful effects of drugs at different developmental stages, FDA classifications of drugs, and teratogenic drugs. It explains how drugs cross the placenta, including physiochemical properties and stage of development affecting transfer. The

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Adulteration of crude drugs involves substituting the original substance with similar-looking but chemically inferior ones. This deceptive practice can be intentional or accidental, driven by factors like profits, scarcity, or high prices in the market. Different types and reasons for adulteration a

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