Analysis of Media Coverage on the Brussels Process (Sep-Dec 2015)

This analysis delves into the media monitoring of the Brussels Process from September to December 2015. It focuses on the monitoring objective, airtime distribution among TV actors, duration dedicated to the Brussels Agreement, number of reports per media outlet, and reporting statistics. The research provides insights into the representation and portrayal of key actors, government representatives, institutions, political parties, experts, and civil society figures in the media coverage during the specified period.

• Media coverage
• Brussels Process
• September-December 2015
• Analysis
• Reporting

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1. MEDIA MONITORING MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE BRUSSELS PROCESS SEPTEMBER DECEMBER 2015

2. MONITORING PERIOD AND SAMPLE Period: September 1 December 31, 2015 Subject of monitoring central news broadcasts Monitored media: RTS1, B92, RTV Pink, TV Prva, RTK 2, TV Puls, TV Most, TV MIR, Radio Kontakt +, Kosma, KoSSev news portal

3. MONITORING OBJECTIVE Establishing the manner of monitoring the topic of the Brussels Agreement in the media Presence of the topic in news broadcasts number and duration of reports Disposition of the reporting (genre structure, announcements of reports, attitude towards the topic) Topics general framework of the reporting and subtopics specific parts and agreements Depiction of the actors representation and tone of depiction Serbian and Kosovar government representatives when discussing the Brussels Agreement Representatives of institutions regulating/controlling the election process Political parties Experts Civil society representatives Public figures - - - - Bureau for Social Research www.birodi.rs

4. AIR TIME Total air time TV Actors air time RTS 3:01:36 0:47:48 Prva 0:54:58 0:15:54 Pink 2:36:00 0:52:37 B92 2:57:32 0:49:37

5. AIR TIME DEDICATED TO THE BRUSSELS AGREEMENT Report Report duration duration Actors total Actors total air time air time RTV Puls 4:45:13 2:44:39 Most 4:37:08 2:14:19 Kontakt Plus 5:16:19 3:03:37 Kosma 2:30:30 1:22:49 RTV KiM 2:24:54 1:17:04 RTK2 5:01:49 1:45:54

6. NUMBER OF REPORTS TV Number RTS 72 Prva 30 Pink 71 B92 68

7. NUMBER OF REPORTS PER MEDIA OUTLET Media Number of reports RTV Plus 224 Most 176 Kontakt Plus 214 Kosma 118 RTV KiM 152 RTK2 161

8. REPORTING STATISTICS Maximum report duration Minimum report duration Average report duration RTS 0:02:31 0:08:15 0:00:17 0:01:49 0:04:38 0:00:17 Prva 0:02:11 0:11:29 0:00:15 PINK 0:02:36 0:12:47 0:00:15 B92

9. REPORTING STATISTICS Average report duration Maximum report duration Minimum report duration Puls 0:01:16 0:06:35 0:00:13 Most 0:01:34 0:07:00 0:00:12 Kontakt plus 0:01:28 0:12:02 0:00:13 Kosma 0:01:16 0:04:07 0:00:11 KIM 0:00:57 0:03:39 0:00:15 RTK 2 0:01:52 0:05:57 0:00:19

10. ANNOUNCEMENT Is there an announcement? RTS PRVA Pink B92 48,6 56,7 46,5 51,5 Yes 51,4 43,3 53,5 48,5 No

11. ANNOUNCEMENT Is there an announcement? Kontakt plus PULS Most Kosma KIM RTK2 Yes 33,5 58,5 38,8 50,8 51,3 54,0 No 66,5 41,5 61,2 49,2 48,7 46,0

12. PLACEMENT OF THE BRUSSELS AGREEMENTS TOPIC IN THE REPORT RTS PRVA Pink B92 27,8 40,0 31,0 30,9 Predominant 9,7 6,7 16,9 11,8 Medium 62,5 53,3 52,1 57,4 Mentioned

13. PLACEMENT OF THE BRUSSELS AGREEMENTS TOPIC Kontakt plus PULS Most Kosma KIM RTK2 Predominant 59,4 50,6 57,0 52,5 57,2 31,7 Medium 14,7 20,5 18,2 14,4 15,1 19,9 Mentioned 25,9 29,0 24,8 33,1 27,6 48,4

14. GENRE STRUCTURE RTS PRVA Pink B92 News 9,7 23,3 22,5 16,2 Report 0,0 3,3 2,8 1,5 Report with statements 65,3 66,7 69,0 61,8 Reportage 16,7 6,7 2,8 14,7 Interview 8,3 0,0 2,8 5,9

15. MEDIA ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE BRUSSELS NEGOTIATIONS RTS PRVA Pink B92 Affirmative 39,3 44,4 46,6 42,7 Critical 21,3 13,9 22,7 16,9 Informative 39,3 41,7 30,7 40,4

16. MEDIA ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE BRUSSELS NEGOTIATIONS PULS Most Kontakt plus Kosma KIM RTK2 Affirmative 49,4 57,3 37,7 39,7 37,1 34,0 Critical 21,0 9,5 24,5 19,1 22,4 24,7 Informative 29,6 33,2 37,7 41,1 40,6 41,2

17. CONTEXTS RTS 36,1 PRVA 30,0 PINK 23,9 B92 35,3 Context of Serbia s Euro-integrations 29,2 16,7 28,2 29,4 Context of internal political and economic issues across Kosovo 22,2 26,7 31,0 27,9 Implementation of the agreed-upon issues Context of status and status-related issues (formation of army) 22,2 6,7 25,4 16,2 19,4 13,3 19,7 23,5 Negotiation process itself 9,7 20,0 12,7 11,8 Context of international organizations (UNESCO/NATO/OSCE) 5,6 3,3 2,8 4,4 Context of internal political and economic issues of Serbia 5,6 0,0 4,2 1,5 Context of regional political cooperation, regional stability 2,8 3,3 0,0 5,9 Context of Kosovo s Euro-integrations 1,4 3,3 2,8 0,0 Context of regional economic development 1,4 0,0 1,4 0,0 Context of political and economic issues in Northern Kosovo 1,4 0,0 0,0 0,0 Context of political and economic issues in other Serb-inhabited areas in Kosovo Context of reconciliation between Serbs and Albanians 0,0 0,0 0,0 1,5 0,0 0,0 0,0 1,5 Context of relations between Serbia and Albania 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Context of Republic of Serbia s property in Kosovo

18. CONTEXTS Kontakt plus 34,6 PULS 36,6 Most 43,2 Kosma 42,4 KIM 38,8 RTK2 35,4 Implementation of the agreed-upon issues 9,8 19,9 3,7 5,9 11,2 6,2 Context of Serbia s Euro-integrations 38,8 19,3 47,7 42,4 46,1 55,3 Context of internal political and economic issues across Kosovo Negotiation process itself 15,6 15,9 19,2 10,2 15,1 5,6 11,6 15,3 7,0 12,7 9,2 8,7 Context of international organizations (UNESCO/NATO/OSCE) Context of status and status-related issues (formation of army) Context of political and economic issues in Northern Kosovo Context of internal political and economic issues of Serbia Context of political and economic issues in other Serb-inhabited areas in Kosovo 5,4 11,4 1,4 1,7 2,6 3,7 5,4 9,7 3,3 5,1 2,0 4,3 3,1 2,3 ,9 0,0 1,3 3,1 1,3 2,3 2,3 2,5 0,0 ,6 1,3 2,3 1,4 2,5 0,0 1,9 Context of regional political cooperation, regional stability Context of reconciliation between Serbs and Albanians Context of Republic of Serbia s property in Kosovo Context of Kosovo s Euro-integrations 1,8 1,7 0,0 0,8 0,0 0,6 0,9 1,7 ,9 0,0 2,6 0,6 4,0 ,6 3,3 2,5 6,6 8,7 1,8 0,6 1,4 0,8 0,7 2,5 Context of regional economic development 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Context of relations between Serbia and Albania

19. THEMATIC FRAMEWORK RTS PRVA Pink B92 38,6 41,2 46,2 36,4 General narrative of the Brussels Agreement General narrative of the Brussels Agreement s implementation 26,1 20,6 16,7 26,0 Concrete examples of the Brussels Agreement s implementation 26,1 38,2 30,8 29,9 1,1 0,0 1,3 0,0 Report from Brussels meeting Report from other meetings concerning the negotiation process 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 8,0 5,1 7,8 Announcement of Brussels meeting

20. THEMATIC FRAMEWORK Kontakt plus PULS Most Kosma KIM RTK2 General narrative of the Brussels Agreement 28,8 32,8 16,5 23,2 24,7 21,0 General narrative of the Brussels Agreement s implementation 35,0 26,9 24,8 38,4 27,1 31,8 Concrete examples of the Brussels Agreement s implementation 32,3 35,8 48,3 33,6 42,9 46,6 Report from Brussels meeting 1,2 ,5 1,3 1,6 0,0 0,0 Report from other meetings concerning the negotiation process 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 Announcement of Brussels meeting 2,7 4,0 9,1 3,2 5,3 ,6

21. CONCRETE TOPICS RTS Prva Pink B92 Association of Serb Municipalities (structure, adoption of documents) 28 11 21 19 Chapter 35/Status 9 0 8 6 Energy agreement (EPS, KOSTT) Gazivode, Vodoprivreda 3 1 5 6 Cultural heritage, demands for inclusion in the Brussels negotiations 3 2 7 5 Freedom of movement/Ibar bridge 2 1 6 4 Status-related issues 2 0 0 1 Telecommunications (international dialing code) 1 0 2 2 Insurance 1 0 0 0 Agreements between chambers of commerce 1 1 2 0 Abolishment of Republic of Serbia s institutions in Kosovo 0 0 1 1 Private property of Serbs, property of the Serbian Orthodox Church, missing persons, air transport, rail transport, academic degrees 0 0 1 0

22. CONCRETE TOPICS RTV Plus 121 Most 70 Kontakt Plus 108 Kosmo 63 RTV KiM 71 RTK2 88 Association of Serb Municipalities (structure, adoption of documents) Cultural heritage, demands for inclusion in the Brussels negotiations 11 15 7 5 5 6 Freedom of movement/Ibar bridge 10 12 16 4 12 6 Chapter 35/Status 6 9 3 3 3 2 Energy agreement (EPS, KOSTT) Gazivode, Vodoprivreda 3 5 9 3 1 4 Cadastre 3 1 1 1 1 1 Abolishment of Serbian institutions in Kosovo 3 1 1 0 0 1 Privatization of major systems owned by the Republic of Serbia property of the Republic of Serbia Judiciary (operation of courts, prosecution and other judicial outlets in Northern Kosovo) 3 5 10 1 5 4 2 8 4 4 2 4 Police 2 3 7 1 0 1 University degrees (studying, validation) 2 0 3 0 2 2 Insurance 2 3 2 3 1 1 Civil protection 2 1 4 4 2 4 Status-related issues 2 2 1 2 1 3 Private property of Serbs, property of the Serbian Orthodox Church, missing persons, air transport, rail transport, academic degrees Telecommunications (international dialing code) 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 3 1 2 0 Registries 1 0 0 0 0 0 Agreements between chambers of commerce 1 1 1 1 1 2 Pension fund 1 0 0 0 0 0 Customs stamp (customs and borders) 0 1 1 3 0 0 Integrated border management 0 0 1 0 0 1 Work of local self-governments (establishment of administrative units according to Kosovo laws) Unpublished matters concerning the Brussels Agreement 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Technical dialogue 0 1 3 0 0 0

23. REFERENCING/ARGUMENTATION RTS PRVA PINK B92 Reference to the Brussels Agreement 33 15 37 33 No explicit reference 27 6 21 25 Reference to EU decisions 12 4 7 10 Reference to Kosovo legislation 9 4 9 12 Reference to decisions by the Government and central organs of Kosovo 9 5 12 9 Reference to decisions by the Government and central organs of Serbia 7 1 0 5 Reference to EU politicians statements 0 0 5 0

24. WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES TO THE REALIZATION OF BRUSSELS NEGOTIATIONS RTS PRVA PINK B92 5 Pri tina 3 9 11 EU, Brussels 4 3 Statute of the Association of Serb Municipalities 4 2 5 Review of the Association of Serb Municipalities constitutionality 3 1 4 3 Kosovo opposition 2 Failure to implement the agreed-upon issues 2 Chapter 35 2 2 Status of Kosovo in the negotiations 2 3 Kosovo s application for UNESCO membership 2 2 2 4 Government of Serbia 1

25. OBSTACLES OBSTACLES Puls Most Kontak plus Kosma KIM RTK 2 25 39 14 14 15 18 Pri tina Statute of the Association of Serb Municipalities 21 3 9 3 5 9 Kosovo opposition 15 15 3 3 3 Government of Kosovo 9 4 7 4 Failure to implement the agreed-upon issues 9 5 7 5 2 EU, Brussels 5 4 3 Review of the Association of Serb Municipalities constitutionality 10 5 3 3 Kosovo s application for UNESCO membership 4 Serbia 2 6

26. ACTORS ON THE BRUSSELS AGREEMENT RTS PRVA PINK B92 0:03:41 0:24:00 0:12:58 0:14:53 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies 0:00:07 0:00:09 0:00:15 0:00:04 Constructive opposition to the BA Serbia 0:00:10 0:00:49 Unconstructive opposition to the BA Serbia 0:00:57 0:01:42 0:03:34 0:02:30 Civil society, analysts Serbia 0:00:21 0:00:43 Church 0:03:29 0:09:42 0:09:58 0:11:25 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies X X X X Constructive opposition to the BA Kosovo 0:00:15 0:01:57 0:00:52 0:02:28 Unconstructive opposition to the BA Kosovo 0:00:31 0:01:07 0:00:07 Civil society, analysts Kosovo 0:00:59 0:05:53 0:06:39 EU 0:05:22 0:00:14 0:00:50 0:01:28 USA in Serbia 0:00:52 0:00:01 Russia 0:00:19 0:01:57 0:03:29 0:01:43 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament Serbs in institutions scheduled for abolishment X X X X 0:04:30 0:04:15 0:08:09 Journalists 0:03:59 0:00:30 0:01:07 0:00:51 International community 0:00:17 0:00:20 0:00:03 Citizens 0:02:09 0:46:40 0:15:53 0:52:37 0:49:37 Total

27. POSITIVE PRESENTATION INDEX (O LOW; 1 HIGH) RTS PRVA PINK B92 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies 0,77 63 0,78 0,75 Constructive opposition to the BA Serbia 1 0 0 0 0 0,33 Unconstructive opposition to the BA Serbia 0 1 Civil society, analysts Serbia 0,13 0,13 0,04 0,065 Church 0,1 0 1 0 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies 0,062 0 0,17 0 0,13 0 0,12 0 Constructive opposition to the BA Kosovo Unconstructive opposition to the BA Kosovo 0,87 0,26 0,29 0,64 Civil society, analysts Kosovo 0 0 0! 0,36 EU 0,12 0,19 0,22 0,34 USA in Serbia 0 0,21 0,62 0,034 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 1 0 1 0 0,47 0 0,63 0 Institutions scheduled for abolishment Journalists 0 0 0,14 0,02 International community 0 0,35 0,89 0,65 Citizens 0,87 0 1 1

28. POSITIVE PRESENTATION INDEX SERBIAN AND ALBANIAN SIDE RTS PRVA PINK B92 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies 0:14:53 0:03:41 0:24:00 0:12:58 Constructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0:00:04 0:00:07 0:00:09 0:00:15 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0:00:49 0:00:10 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies 0:11:25 0:03:29 0:09:42 0:09:58 Constructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0 0 0 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0:02:28 0:00:15 0:01:57 0:00:52 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 0:01:43 0:00:19 0:01:57 0:03:29 Serbs in institutions scheduled for abolishment 0 0 0 0 RTS PRVA PINK B92 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies 0,63 0,78 0,77 0,75 Constructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0 1 0 0,33 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0 0 0 1 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies 0,17 0,06 0,12 0,12 Constructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0 0 0 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0,26 0,87 0,3 0,635 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 1 1 0,47 0,63 Institutions scheduled for abolishment 0 0 0 0

29. NEGATIVE PRESENTATION INDEX (O LOW; 1 HIGH) RTS PRVA PINK B92 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies 0,04 0,009 0,004 0,004 Constructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0 0 1 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 1 0 0 0 Civil society, analysts Serbia 0 0 0 0 Church 0 0 0 0 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies Constructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0,37 0,33 0,6 0,31 0 0 0 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0,05 0 0,05 0,058 Civil society, analysts Kosovo 0 0 0 0 EU 0,21 0,08 0,077 0,14 USA in Serbia 0 0 0 0,15 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 0 0 0 0 Institutions scheduled for abolishment 0 0 0 0 Journalists 0,046 0 0 0 International community 0 0,43 0,074 0,33 Citizens 0,13 0 0 0

30. NEGATIVE PRESENTATION INDEX SERBIAN AND ALBANIAN SIDE Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies Constructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0:03:41 0:24:00 0:12:58 0:14:53 0:00:07 0:00:09 0:00:15 0:00:04 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0:00:10 0:00:49 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies Constructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0:03:29 0:09:42 0:09:58 0:11:25 X X X X Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0:00:15 0:01:57 0:00:52 0:02:28 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 0:00:19 0:01:57 0:03:29 0:01:43 Serbs in institutions scheduled for abolishment 0 0 0 0 RTS PRVA PINK B92 Government of Serbia, President, Serbia s state organs and bodies Constructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 0,04 0,009 0,004 0,004 0 0 1 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Serbia 1 0 0 0 Government of Kosovo, President, Kosovo s state organs and bodies Constructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0,37 0,33 0,6 0,31 0 0 0 0 Unconstructive opposition to the BA in Kosovo 0,05 0 0,05 0,058 Serbs in Kosovar institutions from local level to the parliament 0 0 0 0

31. PERCENTAGE OF NEGATIVE PRESENTATION OF GOVERNMENT AND OPPOSITION IN KOSOVO 60 60 X X Kosovar Kosovar oposition agreement agreement oposition against Brussels against Brussels 50 X X Kosovo Government, institutions Kosovo Government, institutions and state bodies and state bodies 40 37 33 30 31 20 10 5 5 0 0 6 RTS PRVA PINK B92

32. ALL ACTORS & GOVERNMENT OF SERBIA, PRESIDENT X Average of positive presenting of all actors Average of positive presenting of all actors within the Brussels negotiations within the Brussels negotiations X Percentage of negative presenting of the X Percentage of negative presenting of the government within the negotiations government within the negotiations x percentage of positive presentation of the x percentage of positive presentation of the government within the Brussels negotiations government within the Brussels negotiations X average negative presentation of all actors X average negative presentation of all actors within the Brussels negotiations within the Brussels negotiations 90 80 77 75 70 63 60 48 50 40 36 35 30 25 20 15 9.3 9.3 10 4 0.9 0.4 0.12 0 0 0.78 RTS PRVA PINK B92

33. RHETORICAL STRATEGY RTS PRVA PINK B92 34,7 33,3 26,8 35,3 Mobilizing/activist 29,2 30,0 16,9 26,5 Explanatory/analytic 30,6 16,7 28,2 23,5 Argumentative/polemic Descriptive 20,8 10,0 26,8 22,1 Informative 43,1 63,3 57,7 50,0 Propagandist 6,9 3,3 12,7 7,4

34. RHETORICAL STRATEGY Kontakt plus PULS Most Kosma KIM RTK2 Mobilizing/activist 38,3 32,4 35,0 30,5 27,6 38,5 Explanatory/analytic 25,2 31,3 22,4 27,1 24,3 30,4 Argumentative/polemic 26,6 27,3 30,8 39,8 26,3 28,6 Descriptive 22,5 26,7 15,0 16,1 21,1 13,0 Informative 36,5 43,2 43,9 39,0 37,5 41,0 Propagandist 11,3 6,3 11,7 11,9 5,3 6,2

35. RHETORICAL MEANS PULS Most Kontakt plus Kosma KIM RTK2 Presentation of facts, specific and general, consistent exposition 37,5 41,7 41,2 33,9 48,9 40,1 Routine narration 18,8 21,9 20,6 31,0 22,6 30,0 Allegory, vivid speech 10,5 14,7 7,4 6,0 10,0 10,1 Hyperboles 9,9 5,0 8,0 6,5 3,2 5,7 Disparagement, belittlement 5,4 2,9 9,0 5,4 4,2 5,7 Generalization 3,7 2,2 4,5 4,2 1,1 2,2 Contrast 3,4 2,5 1,3 2,4 3,7 ,4 Comparison 3,1 3,2 3,5 4,2 3,7 3,1 Positive stereotypes 2,0 ,7 ,3 0,0 0,0 0,0 Irony, sarcasm 1,7 2,5 1,0 2,4 1,1 1,3 Glorification 1,4 ,4 ,6 2,4 0,0 0,0 Hate speech ,9 0,0 1,0 ,6 ,5 ,4 Personification ,6 ,4 ,6 ,6 0,0 ,9 Analogy ,6 ,7 ,6 ,6 0,0 0,0 Symbols ,3 ,7 0,0 0,0 1,1 0,0 Negative stereotypes ,3 ,4 ,3 0,0 0,0 0,0

36. RHETORICAL MEANS RTS Prva Pink B92 Presentation of facts, specific and general, consistent exposition 37,6 48,8 39,0 45,5 Routine narration 16,2 23,3 15,3 17,3 Allegory, vivid speech 13,7 7,0 16,1 10,0 Hyperboles 9,4 4,7 7,6 8,2 Disparagement, belittlement 6,8 0,0 4,2 5,5 Comparison 4,3 7,0 3,4 2,7 Generalization 4,3 4,7 2,5 1,8 Contrast 3,4 2,3 4,2 5,5 Analogy 1,7 0,0 0,0 0,0 Hate speech 1,7 0,0 0,0 ,9 Positive stereotypes ,9 0,0 ,8 0,0 Irony, sarcasm 0,0 2,3 4,2 0,0 Personification 0,0 0,0 0,0 ,9 Glorification 0,0 0,0 2,5 1,8