Advancing Dementia Care: Treatment Options and Management Strategies

This content delves into the strategies for advancing the care of individuals with dementia, focusing on treatment and management options. It discusses the role of pharmaceuticals, legal considerations, safety measures, and the importance of avoiding physical restraints in dementia care. Non-pharmacological interventions such as psychosocial therapies and support services are emphasized for enhancing quality of life and maintaining independence. Considerations for both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches are explored to provide a holistic perspective on dementia care.

• Dementia care
• Treatment options
• Management strategies
• Pharmacological interventions
• Non-pharmacological therapies

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1. NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Advancing practice in the care of people with dementia Dementia Training Study Centres Dementia Behaviour Management Advisory Service Victoria www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

2. Session 3 NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Learning outcomes: Discuss the options for both treatment and care of the person with dementia Critique the role of pharmaceuticals in the care of people with dementia Demonstrate an understanding of legal considerations involved in the care of people with dementia Discuss concepts of safety and risk Demonstrate an understanding of why physical restraint is to be avoided in the care of people with dementia Demonstrate an understanding of the issues surrounding sexual expression in older people with dementia. Treatment and intervention options 1 www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

3. NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Treatment and management Complex No single solution- holistic approach Manage co-morbidities Pharmacological treatments currently focus on: Improvement or enhancement of cognition (cognitive enhancers ) Management of the behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) Modification of risk factors www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

4. Pharmacological management NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Definite, but limited evidence that pharmacological therapies reverse, or halt the progression of dementia, most relating to dementia of the Alzheimer type, but with emerging evidence of benefit with vascular dementias International consensus is lacking and expert opinion remains divided about the benefits of cognitive enhancers: a considered and prudent approach to prescribing is required. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are recommended for use only in AD. However, studies in those with vascular risk factors demonstrated equivalent benefit, (Kumar, Anand,Messina, Hartman, & Veach, 2000) www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

5. Non-pharmacological interventions NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Critical for optimal quality of life and maintenance of independence Psychosocial Therapies Music Reality orientation Validation Recreation Reminiscence Multisensory environments Memory centres Complimentary therapies: massage, aromatherapy Support services Carer support www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

6. Social and lifestyle considerations NSW / ACT | QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Legal considerations Safety and risk Sexuality Grief and loss Early life trauma Transition to community services Transition to residential care Carer health and well being www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

7. Legal considerations NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Capacity Capacity versus competency Assumed unless proven otherwise Decision specific Consent Forward planning Enduring Power of Attorney Advance Care Planning www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

8. Safety and risk NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Risk: right to take risk Consent Risk management that supports autonomy, choice and control Restraint Any physical, chemical or environmental intervention used specifically to restrict the freedom of movement or behaviour perceived by others to be antisocial Driving Impact Health professional s responsibilities Restricted licences www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

9. Sexuality NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender, identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. (An excerpt from the World Health Organisation definition of sexuality) Sexuality, sexual activity and dementia Diminished sexual activity Consent to sexual relationships Change in sexual behaviour Strategies to break down stigma and sexuality and ageing Permission to talk abut sexual expression Policy www.dtsc.com.au Consistent response The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

10. Grief and loss NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Emotions are preserved Experience loss Experience and exhibit grief Manifestation through behaviour Early life trauma Re-emergence Manifestation through behaviour Interventions www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

11. Transition NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA To community services Aged Care Assessment teams (ACAT) Home care packages Respite care To residential care Multidisciplinary approach ACAT referral Support for person and family Impact on person www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

12. The carers journey NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA The nature of care will change as the dementia progresses Early in the dementia journey, carer s provide: Later in the dementia journey, carer s also provide: emotional support emotional support orientation personal care financial management meals and nutrition safety transport night time care liaison with services household maintenance behaviour management www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government

13. Supporting the carer NSW / ACT |QLD | SA / NT | VIC / TAS | WA Information and advice Knowledge and skills Practical support Emotional and psychological support Bereavement support www.dtsc.com.au The Dementia Training Study Centres Program is supported by the Australian Government