The Radical Reformers: Felix Manz and Michael Sattler in 16th Century Switzerland

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Led by their strong convictions, Felix Manz and Michael Sattler challenged the established norms of the Catholic Church during the Reformation in Switzerland. Manz, a former pastor under Zwingli, questioned infant baptism and advocated for a separate church, while Sattler, inspired by Luther, married and sought allies to spread their beliefs. Both faced persecution, with Manz being imprisoned and Sattler ultimately martyred for their radical ideas.

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Led to the Lord by the cross Felix Manz & Michael Sattler

Sattler Born in Staufen in Baden-W rttemberg c. 1490

Sattler Benedictine monastery of St. Peter in Schwarzwald Prior by 1525

Manz Born in Zurich c. 1498

Manz Dad was a canon of Zurich Classical education Latin, Hebrew, Greek Pastor Zwingli Grossminster January 1, 1519 Bible studies

Manz Zurich reform Infant baptism? Teacher s doubts are students denials Radical brethren Abolish tithes Abolish the Mass Act independently of city council

Manz Separate church Momma Manz home Refusal to bring infants for baptism Radical idea of the church

Manz January 17, 1525 First Zurich Disputation City Hall Zwingli vs Conrad Grebel and Manz January 18 Bring baby or be banished

Manz January 21 Manz home 15 brethren Grebel baptized George Blaurock Blaurock baptized the rest Evangelism Zealous and successful

Manz March 20, 1525 Second Zurich Disputation Zwingli vs. Grebel/Manz again Brethren condemned 14 men (incl. Manz), 7 women Hexenturm Prison

Sattler Spring 1525 Reading Luther in the monastery Leaves the cloister Marries Margaretha, a Beguine Seeking allies

Manz March July, 1525 Evangelizing the Grisons Canton with Blaurock

Sattler Summer 1525 Zurich Met the Brethren

Manz March July, 1525 Evangelizing the Grisons Canton with Blaurock Arrested and returned to Zurich Wellenberg Prison, July 13 October 7 Rejoined Grebel and the Brethren October 8 Arrested October 30

Manz & Sattler November 6-8, 1525 Third Zurich Disputation Grossminster Zwingli vs. Grebel/Manz Sattlers observed Continued imprisonment for Manz As long as my lords should see fit Sattlers expelled from the city

Manz Winter 1525-26 Evangelizing Zurich highlands February 1526 Arrested severe questioning March 7, 1526 Strict imprisonment and warning April 1526 Evangelizing Grisons and Appenzell

Sattler Summer 1526 Baptized by Brethren in Southern Germany Life outside the Church Summer Fall Evangelizing Neckar River country Horb and Rottenberg Remarkable success

Manz & Sattler Winter 1526 Manz and Grebel evangelizing Zurich canton Gruningen Winning converts and re-baptizing Sattlers to Strasburg Escaping imminent arrest Manz arrested December 3 Wellenberg Prison, Zurich

Manz January 5, 1527 Death by drowning I die for the truth Stand firm, son! Into your hands, Lord, I commit my spirit

Sattler February 1527 Schleitheim, Switzerland

Sattler Schleitheim Confession 1. Believer s baptism 2. Church discipline 3. Lord s Supper only for believers 4. Emphatic separatism

Sattler 5. Pastors to shepherd the little flock 6. Pacifism 7. No oaths Another Kingdom

Sattler May 1527 Arrested in Rottenberg Charges 1. Disobeying the Emperor 2. Rejecting transubstantiation 3. Denying infant baptism

Sattler 4. Rejecting extreme unction 5. Despising Mary and the saints 6. Rejecting oath-taking 7. Simple celebration of the Supper 8. Taking a wife (breaking his vow) 9. Refusing to defend his country

Sattler Dramatic Confrontation Inevitable Condemnation

Sattler In the case of the Governor of his Imperial Majesty versus Michael Sattler, judgment is passed, that Michael Sattler shall be delivered to the executioner, who shall lead him to the place of execution, and cut out his tongue; then throw him upon a wagon, and there tear his body twice with red hot tongs; and after he has been brought without the gate, he shall be pinched five times in the same manner, and then he shall be burned to ashes as an arch-heretic.