Highland Agriculture in Southeast Asia: Community Perspectives
Explore the highlands of Southeast Asia and the agriculture practices of communities living in these elevated regions. Discover the challenges and solutions faced by villagers as they work together to ensure food security, particularly focusing on the cultivation of rice as a staple crop. Dive into the differences and similarities among highland communities to understand their unique cultural and agricultural practices.
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Unit 1: People and Places Lesson 3: Highlands and agriculture. The case of the Kingdom of Lanna
A note to users of this presentation This presentation was developed as complementary materials for teachers running this lesson. It follows the lesson plan. It includes content from the lesson plans and the introductory essays for teachers lectures. It also introduces some of the activities suggested for students. You are welcome to customize this presentation to adjust the lesson to their curriculum and to your students. You can change images, add/remove activities, and of course delete this slide, etc. The Teacher s Guide (https://sharedhistories.asia/teacher/) provides guidance on how to adjust the lessons. We wish you a successful lesson! The Southeast Asian Shared Histories project was developed by UNESCO Bangkok with funding from the Republic of Korea.
Highland A high mountainous or elevated land Alluvial plains: about 600 meters above sea level. Mountainous region: at least 1000 meters above sea level. Source: Mount Kota Kinabalu, David Haslip, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mount_Kota_Kinabalu.JPG
Highlands in Southeast Asia Sources: https://www.needpix.com/photo/1272738/s apa-vietnam-rice-fields-rice-rice-terraces- terrace-fields-nature-mountain-panorama Rinjani Volcano, Lombok, Indonesia Massew64,https://commons.wikimedia.org/ wiki/File:Rinjani_Volcano,_Lombok.JPG Hkakabo Razi and Gamlang Razi, Myanmar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hkakabo_ and_Gamlang_Razi.jpg Sapa, Viet Nam
Highland, lowland, coastland What photo represent highland? What do you see on this photo that makes you say it is highland? Sources: Batad, Philippines Aranas, Uwe, commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Banaue_Philippines_Batad-Rice- Terraces-04.jpg Mekong Delta, Viet Nam Wilbur E. Garrett, https://www.flickr.com/photos/13476480@N07/17850359166 Bali, Indonesia Martin Fuhrmann, https://www.flickr.com/photos/martinfuhrmann/24068107063
Communities in highlands What are the differences and similarities between these communities? Sources: Doi Mae Salong, Thailand https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mae_salong_view_01.jpg Mae Hong Son province, Thailand https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hills_in_northern_Thailand.jpg Phou Luang Tai, Lao PDR https://www.flickr.com/photos/devittj/100752319
Group work Imagine yourself as a part of a village community living in the highlands. Your village population is consistently growing. You need to feed the village and rice is the staple food. The rice that you grow for the village is not enough but growing rice on a slope is difficult. You need to grow more rice, so how would you solve this problem?
The Kingdom of Lanna Located in the northern highlands of modern-day Thailand. Through migration and cultural interactions, Lanna absorbed the influences and traditions of the highland kingdoms. Historians date the kingdom as existing between the thirteenth and eighteenth centuries. The capital city of Chiang Mai was founded in 1296.
The Kingdom of Lanna 1441 and 1526: Golden Age of Lanna. Economic and political stability. High quality of life was high. Lanna people were skilled artisans and developed fine artistic and cultural expressions. Paintings are still visible in the temples. Late 16th century, the Siamese territories in the South and the Burmese territories in the West expanded and eventually integrated the Lanna territories. Murals in Wat Phumin, Nan, Thailand, depicting daily life of Tai people. Source: Achilles, Vanessa
What do you see in the image? What have local communities done to live in mountainous regions?
Where are these terraces? Bali, Indonesia www.thingstodoinbali.com/blog/the-most-beautiful-rice-fields-in-bali Ifugao province Philippines www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/aerial-view-batad- rice-terraces-ifugao-1470759851
Rice terraces are common in highlands in many parts of Southeast Asia These terraces show how people adapt their environment to fit their needs.
Rural landscape, Shan State Bogor City with Mount Salak at background Myanmar Indonesia commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ShanFields.jpg commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kota_Bogor_%26_Gunung_Salak.jpg Banda Aceh, Indonesia commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Banda_Aceh,_Indonesia_-_view.jpg Hoi An, Viet Nam commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hoi%27an_by_the_river.jpg , .
Conclusion Mainly minority communities live in mountainous areas whilst majority populations tend to live in the lowlands. Highland peoples across the region adapt their environments in similar ways and share similar ways of life. Some differences do exist between highlands and lowlands.
