Exploring Helium: A Decentralized IoT Network Revolution

 
The Internet Of Things
 
Introduction to what is the Internet of Things, why does it change the world where we live, what are the technologies behind the scene ?
  How des it apply to your domain ?
 
Paul Pinault
 
Blog/contact : 
www.disk91.com
Twitter : @disk_91
 
Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed
Global crowdsourced IoT Network
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed
Global crowdsourced IoT Network
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Coverage is provided by a community of people
instead of a company. Like TheThingsNetwork
 
Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed
Global crowdsourced IoT Network
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Investment on hardware is rewarded by a crypto
token. Blockchain’s rules pilot the deployment and
supports the main telecom industry processes.
 
Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed
Global crowdsourced IoT Network
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
The network is global, it has started in North
America, now covering Europe quickly and start in
Asia.
 
Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed
Global crowdsourced IoT Network
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
The networks supports multiple LoRa Network
Servers (Routers) as private networks on top of the
Gataways (Hotspot) public infrastructure.
 
HELIUM
 
Is also crowdsourced IoT network, but it targets a
different category of people to deploy the network.
Instead of tech passionate, it target crypto investors.
Helium is an IoT network managed with a blockchain.
Helium contributor are mining HNT tokens against
coverage. Communication are billable with a flat and
low price.
Basically, it is UBER + BITCOIN for Telecom
industry
May 
 
2020 
  
    3.025 HS
Nov 
 
2020
  
  12.477 HS
Feb 
 
2021
  
  18.700 HS
July 
 
2021
  
  77.100 HS
August
 
2021
  
100.000 HS
October 2021
  
220.000 HS
Nov.        2021                       320.000 HS
Sept.       2022                       954.940 HS
Feb.
 
2023
  
986.820 HS
 
Crowdsourced
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
420K active hotspot in month,
globally stable on the last 6
months.
 
July 2023 Status
 
Some mee-too blockchains
try to take a part of it with Y
connectors
 
Some big players leaves the
game like bobcat
 
Hotspot have been made
simpler, less need for
maintenance, good stability.
Helium BUSINESS Usage per day in $ ($1 = 100k messages eq or 24Bytes)
Main console filtered due to gaming past month (add $50)
(drop due to normal packet purchasing (duplicates evolution))
About 10M packets processes per day for business applications
As part of it 60% is roaming packets for Telcos
 
Helium is high density LoRaWan
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
New York
London
San Francisco
Paris
Amsterdam
 
Helium at Clermont-Ferrand
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
EUROPE CONTEXT
CLERMONT-FD
COVERAGE MAP
 
 
Helium distributed architecture
 
The HELIUM network is composed by hotspots. A Hotspot is
a LoRaWan gateway associated to a Miner. A miner is
lightweight and can run on a raspberry Pi. It is running in a
docker container.
The miners are connected altogether over a P2P network.
They are maintaining / running the blockchain.
Device communication passes through these different layers
and are routed up to their specific Network Server. The
distributed network supports multiple Network Servers.
(Network Servers are centralized components in this
architecture). Application servers works on helium as on any
other Network Server. Nothing specific.
The data itself is not inside the blockchain.
DEVICES
HOTSPOT
P2P Network
Application Server
Users
Distributed IoT Network
Service Provider / User
Network Architecture (before HIP 71)
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
Network Server
Operator
Helium Network Server Architecture
 
Helium have a geo-replicated routing infrastructure where
all the hotspots push the received packets.
This infrastructure is verifying the packet, purchase it to the
hotspost and route it to the right LNS.
LNS are running Chirpstack, open-source agnostic LoRaWan
Server.
Devices and sessions needs to be declared in the Helium
Routing service by the LNS. This requires API call to Helium
Routing service (Config Service) on: Device Addition, Device
Deletion, Device Session creation…
Specific open-source project has been created to support
this ( see my github )
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
Network Server Architecture (current)
DEVICES
HOTSPOT
Users
Users
LNS
ROUTING
Hotspot Owners
Operator
APP SERVER
Private LNS
Nova Labs
Public LNS
Public LNS
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Hotspot transfers the packets
to the nearest Helium router
with geo-dns.
 
Routing
Architecture
 
Router verify then transfer
the packet to the LNS owning
the packet
 
Helium Glue configure Helium
routing infrastructure to
correctly verify and route the
packets.
v
USA
EUROPE
ASIA
Helium
Routing
Infrastructure
LNS (OUI 1)
LNS (OUI 2)
Chirpstack or
other
Chirpstack or
other
Helium
GLUE
Helium
Config Server
 
Helium Routing Infrastructure
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
DEV EUI
APP EUI
APPKEY
HOTSPOT
CONFIG SERVICE
Route 1:
   DEV EUI / APP EUI
   DEV EUI / APP EUI
Route 2:
   DEV EUI / APP EUI
   DEV EUI / APP EUI
Route n:
PAQUET PURCHASER
Purchase valid
DEV-EUI / APP-EUI
DEV-EUI
APPKEY
DEV ADR
APPSKEY
NTWSKEY
JOIN REQUEST
JOIN REQUEST
SEARCH
ROUTE
JOIN ACCEPT
LoRaWAN LNS
Helium Glue
LNS ( Chirpstack )
Detect ADD/DEL
DEVICES
Detect ADD/DEL
TENANTS
ADD/DEL
ROUTES
ADD/DEL
EUIS
ADD/DEL
SKFS
Detect  Sessions
Pays
Packet
 
Helium router is searching
for a route with a
corresponding DEV-EUI /
APP-EUI to accept the JOIN
Request.
 
JOIN PROCESS
 
Helium Glue detects device
addition & deletion to
maintain the Config Service
database with valid DEV-
EUI/APP-EUI.
 
Helium Glue detects
session creation to
maintain the list of SKF
(Session Key Filters) to the
config Service. Basicaly the
NTWSKEY list per DEVADR
 
Routes are managed by
Helium Glue, can be global
or per tenant. Route allows
multiple LNS per OUI
 
Helium Routing Infrastructure
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
HOTSPOT
CONFIG SERVICE
Route 1:
   DEV ADR / NTWSKEY
   DEV ADR / NTWSKEY
Route 2:
   DEV ADR / NTWSKEY
   DEV ADR / NTWSKEY
Route n:
PAQUET PURCHASER
Purchase valid
DEVADR / NTWSKEY
DEVADR
NTWSKEY
APPSKEY
DEV ADR
APPSKEY
NTWSKEY
UPLINK REQUEST
UPLINK
SEARCH
ROUTE
DOWNLINK
LoRaWAN LNS
Helium Glue
LNS ( Chirpstack )
Count packets
& manage balance
ADD/DEL
EUIS
ADD/DEL
SKFS
Pays
Packet
 
Helium router is searching
for a route with a
corresponding DEV-ADR /
NTWSKEY by verifying all
signatures for the DEVADR.
 
UPLINK PROCESS
 
Valid packets are sent to
LNS and paid to hotspots.
Depends on max_copy
route param, one or
multiple packets are paid.
 
Helium Glue, in public
usage, manage per device /
account, packet balance.
When a balance is reaching
0, the Glue will deactivate
routes in config service.
 
Downlink are free of
charge.
 
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Chirpstack tenant & device
creation / deletion can be
found in the PSQL
Database.
 
Helium GLUE
 
Session Key are maintained
in REDIS Database
 
Packet count & JOIN
request can be detected
with MQTT.
 
Chirpstack is per Region,
not a global LNS. But we
can dynamically update the
region.
Helium ETL
Packet
Forwarder
Hotspot
Lat/Long
S3
Helium Foundation
PoC & Reward data
Helium Legacy
Payload
Chirstack
Enriched Payload
With localization
HTTP Integration
Downlink handler
 
Author – Paul Pinault / Disk91.com
 
Slide Deck
 
Content
 
Youtube Channel
WWW.DISK91.COM
GitHub Project
Slide Note
Embed
Share

Delve into the world of Helium, a blockchain-based IoT network revolutionizing connectivity. Managed by a community of crypto investors, this global network offers innovative solutions for telecom industry challenges through decentralized deployment and mining of HNT tokens.


Uploaded on May 17, 2024 | 0 Views


Download Presentation

Please find below an Image/Link to download the presentation.

The content on the website is provided AS IS for your information and personal use only. It may not be sold, licensed, or shared on other websites without obtaining consent from the author. Download presentation by click this link. If you encounter any issues during the download, it is possible that the publisher has removed the file from their server.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. 1 Paul Pinault Blog/contact : www.disk91.com Twitter : @disk_91 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/PaulPinault The Internet Of Things Introduction to what is the Internet of Things, why does it change the world where we live, what are the technologies behind the scene ? How des it apply to your domain ?

  2. 2 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed Global crowdsourced IoT Network

  3. 3 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed Global crowdsourced IoT Network Coverage is provided by a community of people instead of a company. Like TheThingsNetwork

  4. 4 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed Global crowdsourced IoT Network Investment on hardware is rewarded by a crypto token. Blockchain s rules pilot the deployment and supports the main telecom industry processes.

  5. 5 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed Global crowdsourced IoT Network The network is global, it has started in North America, now covering Europe quickly and start in Asia.

  6. 6 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is a blockchain for LoRaWan Distributed Global crowdsourced IoT Network The networks supports multiple LoRa Network Servers (Routers) as private networks on top of the Gataways (Hotspot) public infrastructure.

  7. HELIUM Is also crowdsourced IoT network, but it targets a different category of people to deploy the network. Instead of tech passionate, it target crypto investors. 7 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium is an IoT network managed with a blockchain. Helium contributor are mining HNT tokens against coverage. Communication are billable with a flat and low price. Crowdsourced Basically, it is UBER + BITCOIN for Telecom industry May Nov Feb July August 2021 October 2021 Nov. 2021 320.000 HS Sept. 2022 954.940 HS Feb. 2023 2020 2020 2021 2021 3.025 HS 12.477 HS 18.700 HS 77.100 HS 100.000 HS 220.000 HS 986.820 HS

  8. 8 July 2023 Status Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com 420K active hotspot in month, globally stable on the last 6 months. Some mee-too blockchains try to take a part of it with Y connectors Helium BUSINESS Usage per day in $ ($1 = 100k messages eq or 24Bytes) Main console filtered due to gaming past month (add $50) (drop due to normal packet purchasing (duplicates evolution)) Some big players leaves the game like bobcat About 10M packets processes per day for business applications As part of it 60% is roaming packets for Telcos Hotspot have been made simpler, less need for maintenance, good stability.

  9. 9 Helium is high density LoRaWan New York London San Francisco Amsterdam Paris Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com

  10. 10 Helium at Clermont-Ferrand EUROPE CONTEXT CLERMONT-FD COVERAGE MAP Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com

  11. Network Architecture (before HIP 71) 11 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Network Server DEVICES HOTSPOT P2P Network Application Server Operator Service Provider / User Users Distributed IoT Network Helium distributed architecture The HELIUM network is composed by hotspots. A Hotspot is a LoRaWan gateway associated to a Miner. A miner is lightweight and can run on a raspberry Pi. It is running in a docker container. The miners are connected altogether over a P2P network. They are maintaining / running the blockchain. Device communication passes through these different layers and are routed up to their specific Network Server. The distributed network supports multiple Network Servers. (Network Servers are centralized components in this architecture). Application servers works on helium as on any other Network Server. Nothing specific. The data itself is not inside the blockchain.

  12. Network Server Architecture (current) 12 Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Public LNS Public LNS Private LNS APP SERVER DEVICES HOTSPOT ROUTING LNS Users Operator Users Hotspot Owners Nova Labs Helium Network Server Architecture Helium have a geo-replicated routing infrastructure where all the hotspots push the received packets. This infrastructure is verifying the packet, purchase it to the hotspost and route it to the right LNS. Devices and sessions needs to be declared in the Helium Routing service by the LNS. This requires API call to Helium Routing service (Config Service) on: Device Addition, Device Deletion, Device Session creation Specific open-source project has been created to support this ( see my github ) LNS are running Chirpstack, open-source agnostic LoRaWan Server.

  13. 13 Helium Routing Infrastructure Routing Architecture LNS (OUI 1) Helium Config Server Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium GLUE Hotspot transfers the packets to the nearest Helium router with geo-dns. USA Chirpstack or other v EUROPE Router verify then transfer the packet to the LNS owning the packet LNS (OUI 2) Helium Glue configure Helium routing infrastructure to correctly verify and route the packets. Chirpstack or other ASIA

  14. JOIN PROCESS 14 DEV EUI APP EUI APPKEY DEV ADR APPSKEY NTWSKEY Helium router is searching for a route with a corresponding DEV-EUI / APP-EUI to accept the JOIN Request. HOTSPOT Pays Packet JOIN REQUEST Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium Routing Infrastructure CONFIG SERVICE Route 1: DEV EUI / APP EUI DEV EUI / APP EUI Route 2: DEV EUI / APP EUI DEV EUI / APP EUI Route n: PAQUET PURCHASER SEARCH Helium Glue detects device addition & deletion to maintain the Config Service database with valid DEV- EUI/APP-EUI. ROUTE Purchase valid DEV-EUI / APP-EUI Helium Glue detects session creation to maintain the list of SKF (Session Key Filters) to the config Service. Basicaly the NTWSKEY list per DEVADR JOIN REQUEST ADD/DEL ADD/DEL ADD/DEL ROUTES SKFS EUIS Detect Sessions LNS ( Chirpstack ) Helium Glue JOIN ACCEPT Detect ADD/DEL DEVICES DEV-EUI APPKEY Routes are managed by Helium Glue, can be global or per tenant. Route allows multiple LNS per OUI Detect ADD/DEL TENANTS LoRaWAN LNS

  15. UPLINK PROCESS 15 DEV ADR APPSKEY NTWSKEY Helium router is searching for a route with a corresponding DEV-ADR / NTWSKEY by verifying all signatures for the DEVADR. HOTSPOT Pays Packet UPLINK REQUEST Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Helium Routing Infrastructure CONFIG SERVICE Route 1: DEV ADR / NTWSKEY DEV ADR / NTWSKEY Route 2: DEV ADR / NTWSKEY DEV ADR / NTWSKEY Route n: PAQUET PURCHASER SEARCH Valid packets are sent to LNS and paid to hotspots. Depends on max_copy route param, one or multiple packets are paid. ROUTE Purchase valid DEVADR / NTWSKEY Helium Glue, in public usage, manage per device / account, packet balance. When a balance is reaching 0, the Glue will deactivate routes in config service. UPLINK ADD/DEL ADD/DEL SKFS EUIS LNS ( Chirpstack ) Helium Glue DOWNLINK Count packets & manage balance DEVADR NTWSKEY APPSKEY Downlink are free of charge. LoRaWAN LNS

  16. Helium GLUE 16 Chirpstack tenant & device creation / deletion can be found in the PSQL Database. Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com Session Key are maintained in REDIS Database Helium Foundation PoC & Reward data S3 Helium ETL Hotspot Lat/Long Packet count & JOIN request can be detected with MQTT. Packet Forwarder HTTP Integration Chirstack Enriched Payload With localization Helium Legacy Payload Downlink handler Chirpstack is per Region, not a global LNS. But we can dynamically update the region.

  17. Content 17 Slide Deck Author Paul Pinault / Disk91.com GitHub Project Youtube Channel WWW.DISK91.COM

Related


More Related Content

giItT1WQy@!-/#giItT1WQy@!-/#