Understanding the Impact of Prior-Prior Year FAFSA Implementation

The Prior-Prior Year (PPY) FAFSA implementation has brought significant changes to the financial aid process for colleges and universities. This article discusses the utilization of PPY, its implications on aid processing calendars, admissions deadlines, and decision-making for educational institutions. It also addresses the challenges and decisions institutions face regarding eligibility for federal, state, and institutional aid under PPY. Overall, it sheds light on the complexities and considerations surrounding the transition to PPY in the financial aid landscape.

• Financial aid
• Prior-Prior Year FAFSA
• Educational institutions
• Aid processing
• Admissions deadlines

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1. Access, Success and Simplification and the Prior Prior Year FAFSA Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr. President, VirginiaCAN VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 1

2. A 30,000 Foot Blended View Viewed from an aid administrator perspective Viewed from a college access/success perspective VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 2

3. LAST OCT 2015 PPY 2017-18: What We Knew For 2017-18 academic year, the FAFSA will be available for student completion in October, 2016 Still use Prior Year tax info(2015) for 2016-17 For 2017-18 will use Prior Prior Year (2015) tax info Use of PPY will greatly enhance ease of completing the FAFSA with the IRS data retrieval tool VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 3

4. LAST OCT 2015 PPY 2017-2018: What We Didn t Know We didn t know how it would impact colleges and universities financial aid processing calendars including deadlines Prepare for a wide range of responses from colleges and universities We didn t know how this would impact admissions deadlines/notification dates With the use of 2 year old financial data, there would need to be an increased awareness of appeals for using more recent data if the difference is significant VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 4

5. LAST OCT 2015 PPY 2017-2018: What We Didn t Know Colleges and universities would have many decisions to make regarding PPY such as: While federal aid will be tied to PPY, how will they determine eligibility for institutional aid? PPY or PY? (Some state aid programs will have the same question, but Virginia will follow federal guidelines for state aid) Will some institutions utilize this accelerated timetable as a competitive advantage? What s the interaction with Early Decision/Action? Federal, state and institutional funding coordination VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 5

6. LAST OCT 2015 PPY 2017-2018: Steps to Take Stay tuned to professional organizations for developments Begin exploring the possibility of moving FAFSA workshops and school presentations from January/February back to the immediately preceding November/December for the Fall of 2016 Watch for resources from organizations such as the VirginiaCAN, VASFAA, SCHEV and the College Board and NASFAA listing how various institutions may be handling PPY Be prepared for several years of implementation issues before things settle down VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 6

7. PPY 2017-18 Resources www.virginiacan.org www.vasfaa.org www.schev.edu www.Nasfaa.org www.collegeboard.org simmonsb@vt.edu VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 7

8. NOW OCTOBER 2016 Google Search 253,000 hits College Board Search 1837 hits NASFAA Search 203 hits Academic Dbase Search 5 hits Newspaper hits 423 PRIOR PRIOR YEAR TOPIC HITS VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 8

9. Is this Astrophysics? Astrophysics > Solar and Stellar Astrophysics Detection of an outburst one year prior to the explosion of SN 2011ht M. Fraser, M. Magee, R. Kotak, S.J. Smartt, K.W. Smith, J. Polshaw, A.J. Drake, T. Boles, C.-H. Lee, W.S. Burgett, K.C. Chambers, P.W. Draper, H. Flewelling, K.W. Hodapp, N. Kaiser, R.-P. Kudritzki, E.A. Magnier, P.A. Price, J.L. Tonry, R.J. Wainscoat, C. Waters (Submitted on 18 Sep 2013 (v1), last revised 28 Oct 2013 (this version, v2)) Using imaging from the Pan-STARRS1 survey, we identify a precursor outburst at epochs 287 and 170 days prior to the reported explosion of the purported Type IIn supernova (SN) 2011ht. In the Pan-STARRS data, a source coincident with SN 2011ht is detected exclusively in the \zps\ and \yps-bands. An absolute magnitude of Mz -11.8 suggests that this was an outburst of the progenitor star. Unfiltered, archival Catalina Real Time Transient survey images also reveal a coincident source from at least 258 to 138 days before the main event. We suggest that the outburst is likely to be an intrinsically red eruption, although we cannot conclusively exclude a series of erratic outbursts which were observed only in the redder bands by chance. This is only the fourth detection of an outburst prior to a claimed SN, and lends credence to the possibility that many more interacting transients have pre-explosion outbursts, which have been missed by current surveys. Comments: Subjects: Revised version following referee report Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR); Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) 10.1088/2041-8205/779/1/L8 arXiv:1309.4695 [astro-ph.SR] (or arXiv:1309.4695v2 [astro-ph.SR]for this version) DOI: Cite as: VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 9

10. A Must Read VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 10

11. PROS OF PPY For Families and Students Earlier and increased awareness to become more continuous Emphasizes the importance of planning Better matches admissions application cycle for new students More time to research and make informed decisions for new and continuing students Less rushed processes for all Simpler for all because of practicality of Data Retrieval Tool with the IRS Less piece-meal process for new students institutions more internally coordinated More predictability for all students and families More time for quality external not-for-profit advising activities VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 11

12. CONS OF PPY For Families and Students Possible panic to do both admissions and financial aid processes concurrently Potential rise of more opportunistic for-profit advisors Creeping earlier deadlines may disadvantage populations not aware of college-going culture Unethical behavior by some institutions Students making inappropriate institutional choices where there is no institutional fit Institutions with buried appeals (professional judgement) possibilities/procedures Possible false hope for continuing students First year implementation confusion General second and third level unintended consequences VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 12

13. PROS OF PPY For Institutions Increased coordination of services to students Leveled-out calendar More time to develop positive pre-enrollment relationship with students Potential less student follow-up with increased accuracy from the Data Retrieval Tool More of a continuous process rather than an episodic process---continuous touch-points Opportunity to review internal aid processing options Opportunity for the financial aid process to take on more institutional ownership Opportunity to develop external partners Living up to financial aid CHANGES VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 13

14. CONS OF PPY For Institutions Disruption of long-established calendars Possible shuffling of personnel System Readiness Lack of internal coordination Perceived risk---multiple budgets conflicting data Lack of appropriate modeling/estimating More time for students and families to negotiate Opportunity for unethical behavior More time for possible melt Negative enrollment impact The UNKNOWN Living up to financial aid CHANGES VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 14

15. Another Good Read VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 15

16. Survey of Institutions VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 16

17. Institutional Response VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 17

18. Perception of PPY Significance VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 18

19. Taking the Temperature VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 19

20. Institutional Responses VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 20

21. Obstacles to PPY VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 21

22. Institutional Changes by Selectivity VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 22

23. Student/Family Perception Award Timing VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 23

24. Institutional Trends Responding to PPY VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 24

25. CONFLICTING DATA GEN-16-14: 2017-2018 Early FAFSA Identification and Resolution of Conflicting Information 17-18 ISIR will be flagged with a C code and a special new Comment Code 399 for significant differences and no disbursement until resolved Exceptions Student not expected to be Pell Grant eligible based on the 17-18 ISIR Dependency status changed between the two FAFSA years Marital status changed between the two FAFSA years Professional judgment was performed in either year VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 25

26. Handling Comment 399 Resolution Required? Condition Note Reason Institution never received a 2016-2017 ISIR. No This can happen if, for example, the student did not include the institution on the 2016-2017 FAFSA. The institution has no conflicting information to resolve. Institution received a 2016-2017 ISIR but the institution did not and will not disburse Title IV aid based on either of the ISIRs. No Institution must ensure that the conflicting information is resolved before it disburses any Title IV aid for either year. Regardless of the resolution, no incorrect Title IV aid was or will be disbursed for either year. Institution received a 2016-2017 ISIR and disbursed, or may disburse, aid based on that 2016-2017 ISIR. Yes Institution must resolve the conflicting information, even if the institution will not be awarding Title IV aid based on the 2017- 2018 ISIR because, for example, the student will not attend in 2017-2018. Resolution might result in a change to the student s 2016- 2017 Title IV eligibility. Institution received a 2016-2017 ISIR but did not review or process that ISIR. Yes Institution must resolve the conflicting information even if, for example, the student never attended during 2016-2017. Resolution might result in a change to the student s 2017- 2018 Title IV eligibility. VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 26

27. Observations/Suggestions Tune up your Ethics Collaboration and Partnerships Internal External VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 27

28. Observations/Suggestions Early and often outreach to applicants both new and continuing Clear and obvious deadlines and what they mean Tune up your NPC VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 28

29. Observations/Suggestions Tune Up Professional Judgement DISCUSSION VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 29

30. Resources/References https://secure-media.collegeboard.org/digitalServices/pdf/lp-collegeboard-org/prepping-for-ppy- guide-to-campus-principles-and-practices.pdf http://www.collegeaccess.org/EarlyFAFSA_PPY http://www.oasfaaonline.org/docs/conferences/conference_16/handouts/ImpactOfPrior- PriorYear_PreparingForWhatsAhead.pdf http://www.nacacnet.org/issues-action/LegislativeNews/Documents/PPYAdmisson.pdf https://financialaidtoolkit.ed.gov/resources/fafsa-changes-17-18-faq.pdf A simulation of Pell grant awards and costs using prior-prior year financial data by Kelchen, Robert; Jones, Gigi Journal of Education Finance, 01/2015, Volume 40, Issue 3 5 Things to Know about Prior-Prior-Year Implementation, The Successful Registrar, by Halley Sutton, January, 2016, Volume 15, Issue 11 https://financialaidtoolkit.ed.gov/tk/ https://www.nasfaa.org/ppy_toolkit http://www.cegment.com/wp- content/uploads/2016/07/CegmentEarlyFAFSAAvailabilityUsingPrior-Prior-YearDataJuly2016.pdf Contact Simmonsb@vt.edu VASFAA Non-Conference Workshop 10/7/16 "The FAFSA and PPY" Dr. Barry W. Simmons Sr 30