Understanding Energy and Its Various Forms

Textbook pp. 140-153
 
Do NOW
 
On p 2, name 3 things you
used this morning that
have or use energy.
ENERGY
  is…
the ability to do WORK or cause change
WORK
 is…
 
when a FORCE moves an object
a
 FORCE
  
is…
a push or a pull
Name 2 things that ARE energy or that HAVE energy
There are two main kinds of energy…
 
POTENTIAL ENERGY
 
STORED
 energy
or
Energy that is 
NOT
 being used
 
KINETIC ENERGY
 
Energy that 
IS
 being used
or
Energy in 
MOTION
 
Examples:
 
Examples:
Demonstrate 
POTENTIAL ENERGY
 using
the ball on your table AND draw a
picture showing what potential energy
looks like.
Now, use the same ball to demonstrate
KINETIC ENERGY
.  Again, draw a
picture to show what kinetic energy
looks like.
Write a “P” or a “K” under each picture
on your paper to tell whether the pictures
are showing POTENTIAL or KINETIC
energy.
zzzz
P
P
K
K
K
 
Elastic Potential Energy
Elastic potential energy is associated
with objects that can be stretched
or compressed.
Elastic potential energy can be stored in
rubber bands, bungee chords, trampolines,
springs, an arrow drawn into a bow, etc.
 
Gravitational Energy
 is the energy of
 position or place. A rock resting at the top
of a hill contains gravitational potential energy.
Hydropower, such as water in a reservoir behind
a dam, is an example of gravitational potential energy.
 
Gravitational Potential Energy
 
 
Do Now:
Click in A for Potential energy and B for kinetic energy:
 
 
 
 
 
1.
 
5.
 
3.
 
2.
 
4.
 
6.
6 DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY
 
Both potential & kinetic energy come in many
forms.  Six of the most common ones are:
 
MECHANICAL ENERGY
Energy of moving parts
 
THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY
Energy of the  heat IN an object
 
CHEMICAL ENERGY
Energy in chemical bonds of
food, gas, batteries, burning
wood etc.
6 DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY (continued)
 
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Moving electrical charges
 
ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY
Light energy, X-rays, radio waves
 
NUCLEAR ENERGY
Stored in the nucleus of an
atom & released when atoms
are split or joined together,
nuclear reactors, atomic
bombs, stars, sun
 
Do Now:
Use the e-clicker to click in the form of energy the object
has.
a
.
 
e
l
e
c
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c
a
l
 
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n
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b
.
 
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g
y
c
.
 
m
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c
h
a
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g
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d
.
 
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g
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e
.
 
e
l
e
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t
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m
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g
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c
 
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f
.
 
h
e
a
t
 
e
n
e
r
g
y
.
 
 
 (Nuclear power plant )
 
1.
 
4.
 
3.
 
2.
 
 
 
A change from one form of energy to another is called 
energy
conversion
.
Most forms of energy can be converted into any other form.
For example a toaster converts electrical energy to thermal energy.
Your body converts chemical energy in the food you eat into the
mechanical energy you need to move your muscles.
Usually 
heat
 energy is also formed in an 
energy conversion
.
 
Energy Transformations
Conversions Between Forms of Energy
 
Electrical Energy into Thermal Energy
Chemical Energy into Mechanical Energy
ENERGY CONVERSIONS
(ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS)
Energy can be converted (
transformed
 or 
changed
)
from one form to another.
1) Food has POTENTIAL 
CHEMICAL 
energy.
2)  When you eat it, the bonds in the atoms are broken
and the energy is released to your cells.
3)
Your body CHANGES the chemical energy to KINETIC
MECHANICAL ENERGY
 when you run, jump, write, walk.
4)  
Finally, your body creates THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY you
can feel because the molecules inside you are moving!
For example…
Think about the energy conversions taking
place with a flashlight.
Use the flow chart in your notes to
show each form of energy that occurs.
Batteries
Light & Heat
Wires
CHEMICAL
ENERGY
ELECTROMAGNETIC
ENERGY
ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
Label the ENERGY CONVERSIONS in your notes.
ELECTRIC PENCIL SHARPENER
WIRES
GEARS & BLADES
electrical energy
mechanical energy
HEATING PAD
WIRES
HEAT
electrical energy
thermal energy
PLANT
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
SUN
electromagnetic
energy
chemical
energy
Plant changes sunlight and water
into sugar (food) for plant!
 
Law of Conservation of Energy
When one form of energy is converted to another, no
energy is destroyed in the process.
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, so the total
amount of energy is the same before and after any
process.  All energy is accounted for.
 
Conserving
 Energy
When you hear or read about conserving energy, don’t get
confused with the law of conservation of energy.
Conserving energy means saving energy, or not wasting it!
 
In Science, 
energy is always 
conserved
 because its total
quantity does not change.
 
 
http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/kids/energy.cfm?p
age=about_home-basics
 
DO NOW
 
With your elbow buddy:
Take the index card from the bin. Keeping
the fold 
up
, use two hands to pull the ends
out to flatten out the card.
 
Predict what will happen to the card 
as you
let go.
 
Test and then explain your prediction.  Use
the terms 
potential
 and 
kinetic 
energy.
 
Energy Conversion in a Pendulum
A continuous conversion between kinetic and
potential energy takes place in a pendulum.
At the highest point in its swing, the
pendulum has only potential energy.  As it
starts to swing downward, it speeds up and
its potential energy changes to kinetic energy
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Potential
Energy
 
Energy Conversion in a Waterfall
The water at the top of the falls has
gravitational potential energy because it is
higher than at the bottom.  As the water
falls, its height decreases, and loses its
potential energy.  At the same time, its
kinetic energy increases because its
velocity (speed) increases.  The potential
energy is converted into kinetic energy.
 
 
 
Kinetic
Energy
 
Gravitational
Potential
Energy
 
Review:
There are two 
TYPES
 of energy: potential and
kinetic.
 
Energy can’t be created or destroyed so we need
to 
convert
 energy we have into what we need.
The energy we use comes from many 
sources
:
Fossil fuel (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear power,
sun, wind, geothermal, hydropower. Most of this
we 
convert into electricity 
(electrical energy).
 
There are 6 
forms
 of energy: mechanical,
chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic, thermal,
electrical . Energy can change from one form into
another but is not created or destroyed.
 
Do Now
:
 
How many people does it
take to turn on a light bulb?
Where do we get our energy
from?
How is electricity “made”?
 
Do Now:
 
On p. 13, describe what is happening
in each panel of my cartoon.
 
Where do we get electricity?
Energy conversions from fossil
fuel:
 
electricity school house rock
 
real life power plant
 
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Vb6hlLQSg
 
Electricity from Nuclear energy
Electricity from hydropower
 
 
Electricity from Wind energy
 
Electricity from geothermal
 
Electricity from the sun
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Discover the concept of energy and its different forms, including potential and kinetic energy. Learn about elastic and gravitational potential energy, as well as common types such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical energy. Engage in interactive activities to distinguish between potential and kinetic energy and explore real-world examples. Gain insights into the fundamental ability of energy to do work and bring about change in our surroundings.


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  1. ENERGY Textbook pp. 140-153

  2. Do NOW On p 2, name 3 things you used this morning that have or use energy.

  3. ENERGY is the ability to do WORK or cause change Name 2 things that ARE energy or that HAVE energy WORK is when a FORCE moves an object a FORCEis a push or a pull

  4. There are two main kinds of energy POTENTIAL ENERGY KINETIC ENERGY STORED energy or Energy that is NOT being used Energy that IS being used or Energy in MOTION Examples: Examples:

  5. Demonstrate POTENTIAL ENERGY using the ball on your table AND draw a picture showing what potential energy looks like. Now, use the same ball to demonstrate KINETIC ENERGY. Again, draw a picture to show what kinetic energy looks like.

  6. Write a P or a K under each picture on your paper to tell whether the pictures are showing POTENTIAL or KINETIC energy. zzzz K P K K P

  7. Elastic Potential Energy Elastic potential energy is associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed. Elastic potential energy can be stored in rubber bands, bungee chords, trampolines, springs, an arrow drawn into a bow, etc.

  8. Gravitational Potential Energy Gravitational Energy is the energy of position or place. A rock resting at the top of a hill contains gravitational potential energy. Hydropower, such as water in a reservoir behind a dam, is an example of gravitational potential energy.

  9. Do Now: Click in A for Potential energy and B for kinetic energy: 1. 2. 3. 5. 4. 6.

  10. 6 DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY Both potential & kinetic energy come in many forms. Six of the most common ones are: MECHANICAL ENERGY Energy of moving parts THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY Energy of the heat IN an object CHEMICAL ENERGY Energy in chemical bonds of food, gas, batteries, burning wood etc.

  11. 6 DIFFERENT FORMS OF ENERGY (continued) ELECTRICAL ENERGY Moving electrical charges ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY Light energy, X-rays, radio waves NUCLEAR ENERGY Stored in the nucleus of an atom & released when atoms are split or joined together, nuclear reactors, atomic bombs, stars, sun

  12. Do Now: Use the e-clicker to click in the form of energy the object has. a. electrical energy b. chemical energy c. mechanical energy d. nuclear energy e. electromagnetic energy f. heat energy. 1. 2. 4. 3. (Nuclear power plant )

  13. Energy Transformations Conversions Between Forms of Energy A change from one form of energy to another is called energy conversion. Most forms of energy can be converted into any other form. For example a toaster converts electrical energy to thermal energy. Your body converts chemical energy in the food you eat into the mechanical energy you need to move your muscles. Usually heat energy is also formed in an energy conversion. Electrical Energy into Thermal Energy Chemical Energy into Mechanical Energy

  14. ENERGY CONVERSIONS (ENERGY TRANSFORMATIONS) Energy can be converted (transformed or changed) from one form to another. For example 1) Food has POTENTIAL CHEMICAL energy. 2) When you eat it, the bonds in the atoms are broken and the energy is released to your cells. 3) Your body CHANGES the chemical energy to KINETIC MECHANICAL ENERGY when you run, jump, write, walk. 4) Finally, your body creates THERMAL (HEAT) ENERGY you can feel because the molecules inside you are moving!

  15. Think about the energy conversions taking place with a flashlight. Use the flow chart in your notes to show each form of energy that occurs. Light & Heat Batteries Wires CHEMICAL ENERGY ELECTRICAL ENERGY ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY

  16. Label the ENERGY CONVERSIONS in your notes. ELECTRIC PENCIL SHARPENER WIRES GEARS & BLADES mechanical energy electrical energy

  17. HEATING PAD HEAT WIRES electrical energy thermal energy

  18. PLANT PHOTOSYNTHESIS SUN Plant changes sunlight and water into sugar (food) for plant! electromagnetic energy chemical energy

  19. Law of Conservation of Energy When one form of energy is converted to another, no energy is destroyed in the process. Energy cannot be created or destroyed, so the total amount of energy is the same before and after any process. All energy is accounted for. Conserving Energy When you hear or read about conserving energy, don t get confused with the law of conservation of energy. Conserving energy means saving energy, or not wasting it! In Science, energy is always conserved because its total quantity does not change. http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/kids/energy.cfm?p age=about_home-basics

  20. DO NOW With your elbow buddy: Take the index card from the bin. Keeping the fold up, use two hands to pull the ends out to flatten out the card. Predict what will happen to the card as you let go. Test and then explain your prediction. Use the terms potential and kinetic energy.

  21. Energy Conversion in a Pendulum A continuous conversion between kinetic and potential energy takes place in a pendulum. At the highest point in its swing, the pendulum has only potential energy. As it starts to swing downward, it speeds up and its potential energy changes to kinetic energy Potential Energy 5 1 2 4 3

  22. Energy Conversion in a Waterfall The water at the top of the falls has gravitational potential energy because it is higher than at the bottom. As the water falls, its height decreases, and loses its potential energy. At the same time, its kinetic energy increases because its velocity (speed) increases. The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. Gravitational Potential Energy Kinetic Energy QuickTime and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor are needed to see this picture.

  23. Review: There are two TYPES of energy: potential and kinetic. Energy can t be created or destroyed so we need to convert energy we have into what we need. The energy we use comes from many sources: Fossil fuel (coal, oil, natural gas), nuclear power, sun, wind, geothermal, hydropower. Most of this we convert into electricity (electrical energy). There are 6 forms of energy: mechanical, chemical, nuclear, electromagnetic, thermal, electrical . Energy can change from one form into another but is not created or destroyed.

  24. Do Now: How many people does it take to turn on a light bulb? Where do we get our energy from? How is electricity made ?

  25. Do Now: On p. 13, describe what is happening in each panel of my cartoon.

  26. electricity school house rock Where do we get electricity? Energy conversions from fossil fuel: real life power plant http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20Vb6hlLQSg

  27. Electricity from Nuclear energy

  28. Electricity from hydropower

  29. Electricity from Wind energy

  30. Electricity from geothermal

  31. Electricity from the sun

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