Rapid Analysis of Soil Macronutrients Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence

Determination of trace elements and macronutrients in agricultural soils is crucial for crop productivity. This study highlights the advantages, challenges, and objectives of using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence for rapid and precise analysis. The method requires minimal sample preparation, considers particle size effects, and addresses surface irregularity. Results show improved accuracy for trace elements and macronutrients, with comparisons to ICP-OES. Pressed pellet with wax binder enhances XRF analysis accuracy, particularly for aluminum and potassium.

• Soil Analysis
• X-ray Fluorescence
• Macronutrients
• Trace Elements
• Agricultural Research

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1. Determination of trace elements and macronutrients in agricultural soils using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence as a rapid and precise analytical technique Maame Croffie1, 2 (mcroffie01@qub.ac.uk) Co-authors: Paul N. Williams1, Owen Fenton2, Anna Fenelon2, Konrad Meztger2, 3, Karen Daly2 1 Institute for Global Food Security, Queen s University Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT9 5DL, UK 2 Teagasc Johnstown Castle Research Centre, Wexford, Y35 TC97, Ireland 3 International Network for Environment and Health, NUI Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland 1

2. Introduction Advantages Challenges Objective Minimal sample preparation Particle size effects Improve accuracy and precision for trace elements and macronutrient analysis Surface irregularity Rapid Matrix effects Inexpensive Moisture effects Portable sample X-ray tube Secondary target XRF detector XRF Spectra

3. Materials and Methods Cu Fe Cr Loose powder Pressed pellet Pressed pellet + wax Sample preparation Pb Al XRF analysis of ISE samples Ca P Fundamental parameters (FP) vs Matching library (ML) made up of 4 CRMs Ni S Calibration study Mn Zn Mg ISE-International Soil Exchange (reference samples for proficiency testing of labs) 3

4. Materials & Methods Energy-dispersive XRF Sampling sites Agreement statistics ICP-OES spectrometer 4

5. Results- Sample preparation comparison study 5

6. Results-XRF calibration study FP- fundamental parameters ML- matching library 6

7. Results- Comparison between XRF and ICP-OES R 2 <0.70 CCC<0.70 R 2 >0.70 CCC<0.90>0.70 R 2 >0.80 CCC>0.90 Cu Ca Zn Ni Pb Fe Mn Mg S P Al Cr K CCC-concordance correlation coefficient 7

8. Observed differences between XRF and ICP-OES by soil texture Teagasc Presentation Footer 8

9. Conclusion Pressed pellet with wax binder improves accuracy of XRF analysis Matching library had varying effects on elements XRF is more accurate for Al and K than aqua regia digestion with ICP-OES analysis XRF can provide rapid determination of soil texture 9

10. Acknowledgements Linda Moloney Finn Owen Frahill Conor Nolan Scott Rees